ABSTRACT
The effect of activated charcoal on gastrointestinal absorption of isoniazid (INH) was determined quantitatively in rabbits. The presence of activated charcoal resulted to about 40% reduction of INH bioavailability as was indicated by reduction in the AUC0-24 hour. The plasma half live (T1/2) and peak plasma concentration (Cmax) of the drug were reduced, while the apparent volume of distribution (Vd) and total clearance (Cl) of the drug were increased in the presence of activated charcoal. The results present an assessment of adsorptive capacity of activated charcoal for INH in vivo and as such could serve as a cheap, effective and readily available means of emergency treatment of INH poisoning.
Subject(s)
Antitubercular Agents/pharmacokinetics , Charcoal/pharmacology , Intestinal Absorption/drug effects , Isoniazid/pharmacokinetics , Animals , Area Under Curve , Indicators and Reagents , Male , RatsABSTRACT
In vitro experiments were performed to investigated the extend of adsorption of ciprofloxacin to kaolin, magnesium trislilicate and to a starch obtained from the tubers of Tacca involucrata (Tacca starch) and to explore the effect of varying pH on this adsorption. Activated charcoal, a standard adsorbent and antidote in the management of poisoning due to a variety of chemical agents was employed as a comparing standard. The results of the study indicate that kaolin and magnesium trisilicate adsorbed ciprofloxacin effectively while the adsorption of the drug on the starch was relatively low. Adsorption was dependent upon the quantity of the adsorbed used. Kaolin or magnesium trisilicate could serve as an effective antidotal alternative to activated charcoal in the management of ciprofloxacin poisoning. Except in cases of poisoning due to ciprofloxacin, the concurrent administration of the drug with kaolin or magnesium trisilicate may be contraindicated. Tacca starch, however, may not really be recommended for the management of ciprofloxacin poisoning.
