[Effect of protectors on morphofunctional changes in rat kidneys in tourniquet shock]. / Vliianie protektorov na morfofunktsional'nye izmeneniia pochek u krys pri turniketnom shoke.

The protective effect produced on the kidneys in tourniquet shock by thiol agents possessing antioxidant properties (unithiol, cystamine) was compared with that of a preparation of cell capsules of L. bulgaricus (CCLB). Tourniquet shock was modeled under ether Raush anesthesia by applying 8 turns of a rubber tourniquet to the hind limbs for 6 hours. Thirty minutes before removal of the tourniquet animals of the first group were given an injection of 1 ml of physiological solution, animals of the second group--20 mg/kg of unithol, those of the third group received an injection of 20 mg/kg of cystamine hydrochloride. Animals of the fourth group received 50 mg/kg of CCLB in 1 ml of physiological solution 7 days before the experiment. A marked protective effect of CCLB on the kidneys in tourniquet shock was established. According to the degree of the protective effect on the tissue of kidneys in tourniquet shock, the studied agents come in the following order: CCLB, cystamine, unithiol.

[The enzyme activity and cationic proteins in the blood cells in the modelling of tourniquet shock in rats]. / Aktivnost' fermentov i kationnye belki v kletkakh krovi pri modelirovanii turniketnogo shoka u krys.

The activity of red cell enzymes and the cationic protein content in the granulocytes were studied in different periods of tourniquet shock. The activity of lactic dehydrogenase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase reduced 3-6 hours after removal of the tourniquet; the activity of glutathione reductase did not change. The value of the lysosomal-cationic test diminished 6 hours after application of the tourniquet and increased 2 hours after its removal. The results of the study allow the lysosomal-cationic test to be recommended for determining the unspecific resistance in shock.

[Structure and properties of lipoteichoic acid of group A Streptococcus type M 29]. / Stroenie i svoistva lipoteikhoevoi kisloty streptokokka gruppy A tipa M 29.

Lipoteichoic acid (LTA) of group A streptococci, type M 29 was studied. Chemical and 13C NMR spectroscopic analysis showed that the polymer contained poly(glycerophosphate) chain consisting of 12-14 glycerophosphate elements united by the 1----3 type phosphodiether bond and diglucosylglyceride. Oleic, stearic, palmitic and palmitoleic fatty acids predominated in the polymer composition. The content of the fatty acids amounted approximately to 2 per cent of LTA dry weight. The poly(glycerophosphate) chain contained 6-7 ether linked alanyl moieties. The results of the LTA biological study were analyzed in comparison to the data on a previous study of antitumor and cardiotoxic properties of teichoic acid from Streptomyces levoris K-3053 which is structurally close to the LTA hydrophilic moiety. It was assumed that the molecule negative charge had an effect on the cardiotoxic and antitumor activity.

[Sodium thiosulfate in the treatment of early postischemic disorders]. / Tiosul'fat natriia v lechenii rannikh postishemicheskikh rasstroistv.

Experiments were made in dogs weighing 15-25 kg with experimental tourniquet shock (35 dogs) and experimental myocardial infarction (29 dogs). Intravenous injection of sodium thiosulfate (500 mg/kg) exerted a marked therapeutic effect on cardio- and central hemodynamics under acute circulatory disturbances both in tourniquet shock and myocardial infarction. Sodium thiosulfate increased cardiac discharge, minute blood flow volume, the first derivative, the threshold of ventricular fibrillation, improved the heart work, decreased and normalized the general peripheral resistance. This effect is likely to be related to the stimulation of intracellular metabolism and antidote action of sodium thiosulfate against ischemic toxin.

[Comparative characteristics of the biological activity of ischemic toxin and its effect on plasma chemiluminescence]. / Sravnitel'naia kharakteristika biologicheskoi aktivnosti ishemicheskogo toksina i ego vliianiia na khemiliuminestsentsiiu plazmy krovi.

Low-molecular fractions of the order of 10000 dalton isolated from blood plasma of the dogs with experimental acute ischemia quenched blood plasma chemiluminescence induced by ferrous ions. The most pronounced quenching effect was exhibited by the fractions possessing the most remarkable ability to increase frog systoles. These fractions have been attributed to the group of "ischemic toxins".

[Effect of the duration of the previous ischemia and of the mass of ischemic tissue on the state of the coagulating and anticoagulating blood systems in tourniquet shock]. / Vliianie dlitel'nosti predshestvuiushchei ishemii i massy ishemizirovannoi tkani na sostoianie svertyvaiushchei i protivosvertyvaiushchei sistem krovi pri turniketnom shoke.

In the experiments on 80 rabbits it was shown that the inclusion of the previously ischemized extremities into circulation is accompanied by elevation of coagulating potential of the blood and inhibition of fibrinolysis shortly after the tourniquet removal followed by hypocoagulation and fibrinolysis activation. These changes depend on the duration and mass of previously ischemized tissues. It is suggested that in tourniquet shock these disorders lead either to the danger of intravascular thrombosis or to hypocoagulation with secondary fibrinolysis.