ABSTRACT
This study assessed the potential adverse health effects of long-term low-dose exposure to chemical mixtures simulating complex real-life human exposures. Four groups of Sprague Dawley rats were administered mixtures containing carbaryl, dimethoate, glyphosate, methomyl, methyl parathion, triadimefon, aspartame, sodium benzoate, calcium disodium ethylene diamine tetra-acetate, ethylparaben, butylparaben, bisphenol A, and acacia gum at doses of 0, 0.25, 1 or 5 times the respective Toxicological Reference Values (TRV): acceptable daily intake (ADI) or tolerable daily intake (TDI) in a 24 weeks toxicity study. Body weight gain, feed and water consumption were evaluated weekly. At 24 weeks blood was collected and biochemistry parameters and redox status markers were assessed. Adverse effects were observed on body weight gain and in hepatotoxic parameters such as the total bilirubin, alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP), especially in low dose and affecting mainly male rats. The low dose group showed increased catalase activity both in females and males, whereas the high dose group exhibited decreased protein carbonyl and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) levels in both sex groups. Non-monotonic effects and adaptive responses on liver function tests and redox status, leading to non-linear dose-responses curves, are probably produced by modulation of different mechanisms.
Subject(s)
Complex Mixtures/toxicity , No-Observed-Adverse-Effect Level , Sex Factors , Animals , Body Weight/drug effects , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Drinking Behavior/drug effects , Feeding Behavior/drug effects , Female , Liver/drug effects , Liver/enzymology , Liver Function Tests , Male , Oxidation-Reduction , Rats, Sprague-Dawley , Time Factors , Weight Gain/drug effectsABSTRACT
The diagnosis of RAP is similar with the diagnosis of the AMD, but PED, exudate and superficial hemorrhages are more common in RAP. A 75-year-old male presented himself at the Ophthalmology Department of the Emergency County Hospital in Craiova in January 2015, with a 4 months history of vision loss. In his right eye the visual acuity was 4/50 eye non-optical correctable and 5/5 with optical correction in the left eye. According to the FA and OCT that were performed in both eyes, in the right eye was found intraretinal neovascularization and sub and intraretinal fluid. A normal aspect was found in the left eye. After the investigations we decided to start the treatment consisting in one single intravitreal injection with Triamcinolone Acetonide (IVTA) in the right eye. The VA improved 1 week after the treatment from 4/50 to 5/30. In comparison with the improved VA, the macular edema gradually resorbed 1 month after the IVTA injection. In spite of the late presentation of the patient in the Ophthalmology Department, the VA and OCT outcome after a single dose of IVTA injection was very good.
Subject(s)
Glucocorticoids/administration & dosage , Retinal Neovascularization/therapy , Triamcinolone Acetonide/administration & dosage , Aged , Humans , Intravitreal Injections , Male , Treatment Outcome , Visual AcuityABSTRACT
The paper presents the vascular morphopathological lesions in diabetic retinopathy. We have initiated a comparative study between normal eye and ocular globes preserved from patients with diabetic retinopathy in different stages of evolution that were fixed and stained by classic histological techniques. We have focus on the histopathological examinations on arterial and venous morphology, in different retinal areas (central and peripheral). The vascular lesions were demonstrated at all types of vessels, capillaries, arterioles, venues and they were correlated with the evolutive stage of the disease. In principal they consisted in thickness of the basal membrane, the degeneration of pericytes, the proliferation of the endothelial cells, microaneurysms, neovessels and vascular hyalinization. The diabetes has increased the death of capillary cells and retinal neurons by a very near apoptosis process.
