[Spanish version of ECBI (Eyberg Child Behavior Inventory): measurement of validity]. / Versión española del ECBI (Eyberg Child Behavior Inventory): medida de validez.

OBJECTIVES: To translate into Castilian (Spanish) and measure the validity of the ECBI (Eyberg Child Behaviour Inventory), a questionnaire to screen behavioural disorders in pre-school children. DESIGN: Translation and back-translation of the ECBI. A descriptive crossover study. SETTING: Primary Care Paediatrics. PATIENTS: All the 3, 4 and 5-year olds from 4 paediatric clinics at 4 Health Centres (n = 527). One refusal. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: The questionnaire was filled in by the children's mothers and was repeated 20 days afterwards for 35 children. High coefficients of internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.87) and stability (intragroup correlation = 0.89 [0.78-0.94]) were obtained. There was good factorial validity, as 84% of the variance was explained by the four factors with value greater than 1. CONCLUSIONS: The Spanish version of the ECBI is a brief and easy questionnaire with good results in psychometric assessment. Therefore, it can be recommended for use in paediatric Primary Care in order to detect children with behavioural problems.

[The socioeconomic characteristics and health problems and needs of chronic home-bound patients]. / Características socioeconómicas, problemas y necesidades de salud de los pacientes crónicos domiciliarios.

OBJECTIVES: To find the social and economic characteristics, and to identify the problems and health needs, of chronic patients confined to the home (CPHs). DESIGN: A descriptive cross-sectional study. SETTING: Otxarkoaga Health Centre (Bilbao). PARTICIPANTS: 121 CPHs of the 134 identified. These included patients with sub-acute, chronic or terminal illness, with physical and/or psychological disability, and/or with lack of social or family support, which prevented their attending the Health Centre. MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS: A 22-item questionnaire was designed by the authors. The study period was March to September 1996. Information was taken from home interviews and clinical records. Average age was 78 (SD 11.2). 68.6% were women. 70% were over 75 years old. 77.7% received no formal social assistance. CONCLUSIONS: We found some CPHs suffering pluripathology and receiving multiple medication, most of these were elderly, women, with a low social and economic level and little social support. A programme of care of chronic patients confined to the home needs to be set up, based on nursing care and enabling the quality of life and satisfaction of these patients to be improved.

[Knowledge and attitudes related with cancer prevention in a population served at a health center]. / Conocimientos y actitudes relacionados con la prevención del cáncer en la población atendida en un centro de salud.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the knowledge and attitudes that patients seen at a health centre had of cancer risk factors and their prevention. DESIGN: A descriptive crossover study. Non-probabilistic sampling by quota. Survey with questionnaire. SETTING: Rekaldeberri Health Centre (Bilbao). PARTICIPANTS: 400 people aged between 14 and 74 who attended the Centre for any reason during June and July 1995. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: 276 patients (69%) thought that cancer was preventable. The cancers most often cited as preventable were lung in men and breast in women. 371 (93%) related cancer to tobacco; 372 (93.1%) to sun-bathing without protection; 267 (66.8%) to excess of alcohol. 192 (48%) thought that diet could play a protective role. 339 (84%) thought that early diagnosis was possible: of these, 60.5% cited breast cancer. 222 women (96.7%) knew about mammography; and 166 (79.4%), cytology. In age groups for whom these techniques are appropriate, 32 women (56.1%) had had the first, and 136 (76%) the second. 258 (64.5%) did not smoke; 230 (57.5%) did not drink; 156 (39%) always used protective cream; and 328 (82%) ate fruit and/or vegetables daily or almost daily. CONCLUSIONS: The population group studied had a good understanding of cancer risk factors and prevention.

[User satisfaction with primary care teams: related to doctor's training in the field of physician-patient relations]. / Satisfacción de usuarios de equipos de atención primaria: relación con la formación del médico en el área de la relación médico-paciente.

OBJECTIVE: To find the satisfaction level of health users attended by Bizkaia primary care teams (PCT) with 5 or more permanent doctors and to determine whether there is any relationship between satisfaction and doctors being trained in doctor-patient relationships (DPR). SETTING: Primary Care. Towns in the 2 health areas out of the 6 in which Bizkaia is divided. TARGET POPULATION: the users of PCTs with 5 or more doctors in the 2 health areas. The randomly selected sample had 323 patients, to which we had earlier added 30% (n = 420) due to the probable non-repliers. INTERVENTION AND RESULTS: Satisfaction was measured using the questionnaire composed by J.M. Moreno et al; and training in DPR, using a questionnaire composed by the authors. Satisfaction scored on average 73 points out of 80 (range 34 to 80). 36.7% of the doctors had low or nil training in DPR (< 10 hours); 16.7% had average training (10 to 40 hours); and 46.7% stated they had a high level of training (> 40 hours). Data analysis showed that satisfaction increased in line with the user's age and the length of the user's relationship with the doctor. CONCLUSIONS: 1) The satisfaction found is high, which corroborates other authors' results. 2) The most determinant variable of user satisfaction is age. 3) We found no statistically significant association between patient satisfaction and doctor training in the field of DPR.

[Characteristics of the family medicine chest in the Rekaldeberri-Bilbao neighborhood]. / Características del botiquín familiar en el barrio de Rekaldeberri-Bilbao.

OBJECTIVE: To study the characteristics of first-aid kits used by families in the Rekaldeberri area of Bilbao (Spain) and their relationship with social and economic variables. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. PARTICIPANTS: Households of 319 patients of the Health Center. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Interview with family and observation of first-aid kit used at home. A total number of 5170 medicines were computed with a median of 14 per household (range 1-58). More medicines were seen at households where a higher social prevailed. No relationship was found with respect to people over 65 or children under 7 nor with regard to the fact that some people were undergoing chronic treatment. The most represented anatomic & therapeutic groups are N (Central Nervous System): 19.7% and D (Dermatological): 19%. Expired medicines were found in 52.7% of the households. "Hazardous locations" were found in 3.4% of the households. CONCLUSIONS: Our population stores-up large quantities of medicines. There is a population group, however, that does not even have a basic first-aid family kit capable of meeting primary needs. Counselling relative to expiration of medicines is thus required.

[Prescription of cerebral and peripheral vasodilators in primary health care: a study in the health district of Bilbao]. / Prescripción de vasodilatadores cerebrales y periféricos en atención primaria de salud: estudio en la comarca sanitaria de Bilbao.

OBJECTIVE: To assess cerebral and peripheral vasodilators prescriptions (uncertain or nil intrinsic value) and determine other associated values (personal, labour and medical training). DESIGN: A descriptive study. SETTING: General Practice. Health district of Bilbao. PARTICIPANTS: 122 general practitioners, observed between September & December 1992 (three months). MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: On average, each doctor filled in 95 prescriptions covering these three drugs, thus representing 2,3% of the overall expenditure. In an ANOVA, the number of pensioners and type of care provided proved to be variables most closely associated to prescriptions. The overall expenditure generated and the number of prescriptions made covering these drugs were lower in the case of primary health care teams. We would like to stress how important it is to perform prescription quality control and suggest actions to be taken for this purpose.

[Health self-perception in the elderly: relationship with several socioeconomic and health variables]. / Autopercepción de salud en el anciano: relación con algunas variables socioeconómicas y de salud.

AIMS: To learn how the elderly people in our health area see their own state of health (AS) in relation with certain variables. DESIGN: Transverse. Survey of socio-economic and health characteristics. LOCATION: Community oriented primary care. PATIENTS OR OTHERS PARTICIPANTS: 232 psychically capable people aged 65 or over, selected at random among those attended by three general medical groups of the Rekaldeberri Primary Care Unit (Bilbao). MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: 41.4% considered their health to be good or very good. The association between AS and various variables is worked out by odds ratio calculation using logistic regression. Age and sex ar not significantly associated with AS. The variables most closely associated to negative AS were the number of illnesses affecting daily life, the number of symptoms, the number of pharmaceutical products consumed and functional incapacity of any degree. CONCLUSIONS: Patients' perception of their own health varies widely between the different studies. As is an easy parameter to obtain, summarizes both subjective and objective aspects, and is useful in assessing an elderly person's overall state of health.

[Hospital emergency service utilization by the population from a primary health center: level of suitability]. / Estudio de la utilización de servicios de urgencias hospitalarios por la población de un EAP: grado de adecuación.

A descriptive study on hospital record corresponding to 379 patients over 14 years, from the Health Center of Rekaldeberri (Bilbao), who attended any of the hospital emergency services available in the province, during the last quarter of 1989 is presented. Objectives were to identify circumstances that motivated consultation, and its apropriateness. Data were recorded by family doctors. As much as 76% of them attended on one's own initiative being this proporcion larger among the youngest. The most frequent diagnosis was the one that corresponded to "Accidents, injuries, poisoning, and violence", 37.5% of the total. 20.8% of the patients were admitted to the hospital. We considered consultation to be apropriate 55.1% of the times, with larger percentages among those who were sent by family doctors (91.1%) and those advanced in years. Lastly data are compared to other studies and we make some considerations about primary health care's responsibility for massification of hospital emergency services.