[Characteristics of the immunological reactivity of the body in the streptococcal carrier state]. / Osobennosti immunologicheskoi reaktivnosti organizma pri streptokokkovom nositel'stve.

The use of the discrete dynamic method for the treatment of data obtained in the survey of streptococcus carriers has made it possible to find out that their immune status is determined not so much by the quantitative changes in the results of individual immunological tests (for the bactericidal activity of the blood serum, lysozyme, IgG, IgM, IgA and the phagocytic activity of neutrophils), but, to a greater extent, by the interrelations of these characteristics. Significant differences in the interrelations of various humoral characteristics and in their relationship to the phagocytic process have been detected in the group of carriers as compared with the control group.

[Effect of Streptomyces spheroides proteinases on the mechanism of antibacterial protection in an experiment]. / Vliianie proteinaz Streptomyces spheroides na mekhanizm antibakter-ial'noi zashchity v éksperimente.

The effect of Streptomyces spheroides proteinases on the process and character of the local reaction to intraperitoneal infection of mice with E. coli was studied experimentally. It was shown that administration of the proteinases promoted a decrease in the dissemination of the abdominal cavity and a more rapid elimination of the microorganisms from the infection foci. The proteinases potentiated the macrophagal component of the local reaction by accelerating migration of the macrophages and increasing their phagocytic activity and the activity of the lysosomal enzymes. Proteinases gave rise to a pronounced activation of the neutrophils, an increase in the phagocytic capacity of the young forms and a change in intracellular enzymes. It was demonstrated that proteinases changed interrelation between the cell elements in the infection foci, the character of interaction of the quantitative and functional parameters of the local reaction and interrelationship between the phagocytic activity and the enzymatic balance of the cells. They increased the effect of the macrophages on migration and the functional state of the neutrophiles.

[Mechanism of action of an exopolysaccharide from Mycobacterium cyaneum on the local cellular reaction in experimental coli infection]. / K mekhanizmu deistviia ékzopolisakharida Mycobacterium cyaneum na mestnuiu kletochnuiu reaktsiiu pri éksperimental'noi koli-infektsii.

A study was made of the effect of the exopolysaccharide (PS) M. cyaneum B-646 on cellular reaction in peritoneal exudate of white mice infected with E. coli. PS intensified the migration of phagocytic cells to the focus of infection, accelerated neutrophil maturation, promoted an earlier and more active involvement of neutrophils, particularly of macrophages, into the phagocytic process. In this case, there was a marked correlation between the magnitude of phagocyte population (of macrophage population to a greater degree) in peritoneal exudate and absorption capacity. PS activated macrophagal lysosomes, affecting selectively the accumulation of enzymes by the cells and lysosomal membrane permeability. The action of PS is dose-dependent. Under experimental conditions in question, the most favourable effect on local cellular reaction was exerted by PS in a dose of 20 micrograms per mouse.

[Factors that provoke strophanthin poisoning and its drug prevention]. / Faktory, provotsiruiushchie intoksikatsiiu strofantinom i ee farmakoprofilaktika.

The effect of various pathogenic factors and drugs on sensitivity to strophanthin and the possibility of pharmacoprophylaxis of toxicosis caused by this cardiotonic agent were studied in acute and chronic experiments on 375 cats. It is shown that impaired blood supply to the myocardium, toxic affection of the liver, sensitization with the cardiac antigen, and the effect of inflammation mediators, mineralocorticoids, and some antianginous agents reduce strophanthin tolerance. The altered sensitivity to strophanthin is successfully corrected with the beta-adrenoblocker alpheprol, hydrocortisone, analgin, dimedrol, and the anesthetic trimecaine.

[Pharmacologic prevention of changes in sensitivity to strophanthin occurring during sensitization by tissue antigens]. / Farmakoprofilaktika izmenenii chuvstvitel'nosti k strofantinu, voznikaiushchikh pod vliianiem sensibilizatsii tkanevymi antigenami.

Chronic experiments with 110 cats have shown that long-term sensitization with homocardiac antigen (HCA) causes biphasic changes in strophanthine tolerance. The increased susceptibility to strophanthine that occurs during 10 days of sensitization with HCA and depends on dissociation of the mechanisms of specific and nonspecific immunity can be prevented by simultaneous administration of diphenhydramine, methyluracil, hydrocortisone and the beta-adrenoblocker, alpheprol. This increase can be also abolished by premedication with alpheprol and trimecain.

[Strophanthin sensitivity in disorders of cardiac blood supply, altered immunologic reactivity and under the influence of several pharmacologic agents]. / Chuvstvitel'nost' k strofantinu pri narushennom krovosnabzhenii miokarda, izmenennoi immunologicheskoi reaktivnosti i pod vliianiem nekotorykh farmakologicheskikh sredstv

Tests conducted with 125 cats demonstrated that occlusion of the coronary artery causes a higher sensitivity to the bathmotropic action of strophanthin, but does not have any effect on the magnitude of its lethal dose. The efficaciousness of potassium orotate and also of Na2EDTA in combinations with anapriline and isadrine, as regulators of the sensitivity to the toxic effect of strophanthin, was investigated. Immunization of cats with a homocardiac antigen was found to produce biphasic changes in the sensitivity to the toxic effect of strophanthin associated with the duration of antigenic stimulation.