ABSTRACT
UNLABELLED: Orthokeratology is reversible clinical procedure which can reduce myopia using contact lenses made of high gas permeable material with 4 curves reverse geometry shape. PURPOSE: The aim of the paper is to evaluate vision acuity and progression of myo,ia and corneal curvature during use of overnight RGP lenses. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The studies have been peforrmed in 132 patients (264 eyes) in age 5 - 18 years (average 12.5 years) with myopia from -1.50 Dsph to -5.50 Dsph and astigmatism from 0.25 Dsph to 1.25 Dsph. In all patients cornea radius (automatic keratorefractometer) and coreal refractive power (coreat topography) was measured before and after 3 months of we- se ot aring during night RGP lenses. Refraction was measured with the use of autokeratorefraktometer after 2 to 6 years of wearing lenses. RESULTS: In all patients reduction of corneal refractive power (on average 3.05 Dsph) and increase of corneal radiuses (on average 0.4 mm) has been observed. After 2 to 6 years of wearing during night RGP lenses refraction was the same in 48.5% of children, worsened in 31.8% of -0.50 Dsph and progressed of -1.00 Dsph in 19.7% of patients. CONCLUSION: Orthokeratology reduces myopia due to temporary changes in corneal curvature. orthokeratology, myopia, corneal radius, corneal topography.
Subject(s)
Astigmatism/therapy , Contact Lenses , Eyeglasses , Myopia/therapy , Orthokeratologic Procedures/methods , Visual Acuity , Adolescent , Astigmatism/complications , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Male , Myopia/complications , Refraction, OcularABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To evaluate central corneal thickness in children. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Central corneal thickness was measured with the use of ultrasound pachymeter in 360 children aged 0-14 years. RESULTS: Mean central corneal thickness was 537 microm after the birth and 567 microm in the age of 14 years. Wide differences between minimum and maximum recorded values were observed (410-650 microm) in first 2 years of life, and 420-640 microm in years 2-14. CONCLUSIONS: 1. Mean central corneal thickness in children (even in small one's) does not differ significantly from adults and does not change with age. 2. Great differences between minimum and maximum recorded values were observed in children (especially in first two years of life), exceeding the range in adults. 3. IOP measurements in children should be corrected according to the results of central corneal thickness.
Subject(s)
Cornea/anatomy & histology , Diagnostic Techniques, Ophthalmological/instrumentation , Adolescent , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Male , Organ SizeABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To evaluate central corneal thickness in children with congenital glaucoma. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Central corneal thickness was measured with the use of ultrasound pachymeter in 49 eyes of 30 children, with congenital glaucoma aged 0-12 years. RESULTS: Mean central corneal thickness was 462 microm. Very wide differences between minimum and maximum recorded values were observed (380-780 microm). Three groups of patients could be distinguished: with very thin cornea of 380-450 microm (73% children), with normal corneal thickness of about 550 microm (15%) and with very thick cornea of 680-780 microm (12% patients). CONCLUSIONS: 1. Mean central corneal thickness in children with congenital glaucoma is significantly thinner than in healthy children in the same age and in adult patients with glaucoma. A very wide differences between minimum and maximum recorded values, are observed in these patients. 2. The results of applanation tonometric measurements are underestimated in most cases or less frequently overestimated. 3. The measurements of central corneal thickness should be performed in every patient with congenital glaucoma to correct the IOP values.
Subject(s)
Cornea/anatomy & histology , Diagnostic Techniques, Ophthalmological/instrumentation , Glaucoma/congenital , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Intraocular Pressure , Male , Organ SizeABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To evaluate the results of treatment of esotropia, exotropia and hypertropia with botulinum toxin A. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 72 children with esotropia, exotropia and hypertropia treated with intramuscular injection of botulinum toxin A. RESULTS: Squint angle decreased 76% in children with alternant esotropia, 70% in children with monocular esotropia, 64% in alternant exotropia and 54% in monocular exotropia after treatment with botulinum toxin A. In hypertropia squint angle reduced in 50%. CONCLUSIONS: The use of injections of botulinum toxin A in treatment of concomitant strabismus improves position of eyes, which creates better conditions for development of localization with normal retinal correspondence.
Subject(s)
Botulinum Toxins, Type A/therapeutic use , Esotropia/drug therapy , Exotropia/drug therapy , Neuromuscular Agents/therapeutic use , Strabismus/drug therapy , Botulinum Toxins, Type A/administration & dosage , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Infant , Injections, Intramuscular , Male , Neuromuscular Agents/administration & dosage , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To evaluate the use of, botulinum toxin A in the treatment of congenital nystagmus in children. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 32 children with nystagmus and esotropia (group I), nystagmus and exotropia (group II) and horizontal and vertical nystagmus (group III). Intramuscular injections of botulinum toxin A was performed in all treated children. RESULTS: In group I the amplitude of nystagmus diminished of 50%, in group II of 42.9% and in group III of 28,6%. Near and distant visual acuity improved in all treated children. CONCLUSIONS: Treatment of congenital nystagmus with botulinum toxin A causes reduction of the amplitude of nystagmus, partial improvement of visual acuity and improvement of anomalous head posture.
