ABSTRACT
Manila mangoes (Mangifera indica L.) have sensory characteristics that make them attractive for consumption as a fresh fruit. A large portion of the annual yield of this fruit is infested by the Mexican fruit fly (Anastrepha ludens), adversely impacting the quality of the crop. Hence, it is necessary to develop economically viable postharvest treatments to reduce the damage caused by this insect. Currently, high hydrostatic pressures are used to guarantee the safety of many processed foods. The objective of this work was to assess the effects of high hydrostatic pressure on mangoes at their physiological maturity. High hydrostatic pressures were applied to mangoes at three levels: 50, 100 and 200 megapascals applied for four different time periods (0, 5, 10 and 20 min). Physiologically mature mangoes were more resistant to changes in response to the pressure of 50 MPa. Reduction of physiological activity by application of high hydrostatic pressure opens a new avenue for the research on treatments intended to enhance preservation of whole fresh fruit.
Subject(s)
Food Preservation/methods , Mangifera/physiology , Carbon Dioxide/metabolism , Chlorophyll/metabolism , Color , Ethylenes/biosynthesis , Fruit/physiology , Hydrogen-Ion Concentration , Hydrostatic Pressure , PigmentationABSTRACT
Saturated and trans fatty acids have been associated with the risk to develop cardiovascular diseases. However, health-promoting effects are associated with consumption of anhydrous milk fat (AMF) and ruminant trans fatty acids, such as conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and vaccenic acid (VA) contained in the lipid fraction of milk and dairy products. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of AMF naturally enriched with CLA and VA in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR), using sterculic oil to inhibit the conversion of VA into CLA. The administration of AMF to SHR during 7 weeks exerted beneficial effects on cardiovascular risk biomarkers (reduction of insulin, blood lipids, increase of adiponectin). When sterculic oil was included, some parameters were further ameliorated (reduction of insulin, increase of adiponectin). Sterculic oil alone reduced body weight and adiposity, and improved blood pressure, adiponectin and triglyceride levels.
Subject(s)
Cardiovascular Diseases/blood , Dietary Fats/therapeutic use , Hypertension/drug therapy , Linoleic Acid/therapeutic use , Linoleic Acids, Conjugated/therapeutic use , Milk/chemistry , Oleic Acids/therapeutic use , Adiponectin/blood , Adiposity/drug effects , Animals , Biomarkers/blood , Blood Pressure/drug effects , Cardiovascular Diseases/etiology , Cardiovascular Diseases/prevention & control , Cyclopropanes/pharmacology , Cyclopropanes/therapeutic use , Diet , Dietary Fats/pharmacology , Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated/pharmacology , Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated/therapeutic use , Hypertension/blood , Insulin/blood , Linoleic Acid/pharmacology , Linoleic Acids, Conjugated/pharmacology , Lipids/blood , Male , Oleic Acids/pharmacology , Rats , Rats, Inbred SHR , Ruminants , Triglycerides/blood , Weight Loss/drug effectsABSTRACT
Cardiovascular disease is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in Mexico. We investigated the effects of omega-3 (n-3) and omega-6 (n-6) polyunsaturated fatty acids on the metabolic syndrome associated with cardiovascular disease in a high-sucrose-fed rat model. The metabolic syndrome-induced rats showed a significant increase in systolic blood pressure, serum insulin, nonfasting serum triglyceride and serum cholesterol levels. Experimental high-sucrose-fed animals received either a n-3 or n-6 enriched diet or a control diet during 6 weeks. Animals fed the n-3 enriched diet had a significant reduction in blood pressure and serum insulin and triglyceride levels. Serum triglyceride levels were also significantly reduced in the n-6-rich diet animals.
