Low-purity crude glycerin as a nutrient substitute for corn: the effect on yields of goat organs and viscera

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of the inclusion of low-purity crude glycerin (CG, 63.1% of glycerol) in the diets of feedlot-finished goats on the weights and yields of the non-carcass components, with are frequently used in regionals dishes (buchada and panelada). Forty castrated male goats with the initial mean body weight of 19.70 ± 2.30 kg were used. Experimental treatments consisted of inclusion of CG at levels of 0, 6, 12, and 18%, based on dry matter. The weights of the lungs, spleen, total organs (TWO), and TWO yield, as a function of the slaughter body weight, decreased linearly. It was shown that the rumen portion of the weight showed a quadratic effect, at the level of 10.71% of CG, with a minimum point of 0.37 kg. Similar behavior was observed for the reticulum, with a minimum point of 0.08 kg, at the level of 7.5% of CG. The weights and yields of the buchada and panelada were negatively influenced by the experimental diets. Low-purity crude glycerin may partially replace corn and be included in up to 6% of the dry matter of the finished goats' feedlot diet without adversely affecting weights and yields of organs, viscera, and regional dishes, such as buchada and panelada.(AU)

Low-purity crude glycerin as a nutrient substitute for corn: the effect on yields of goat organs and viscera

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of the inclusion of low-purity crude glycerin (CG, 63.1% of glycerol) in the diets of feedlot-finished goats on the weights and yields of the non-carcass components, with are frequently used in regionals dishes (buchada and panelada). Forty castrated male goats with the initial mean body weight of 19.70 ± 2.30 kg were used. Experimental treatments consisted of inclusion of CG at levels of 0, 6, 12, and 18%, based on dry matter. The weights of the lungs, spleen, total organs (TWO), and TWO yield, as a function of the slaughter body weight, decreased linearly. It was shown that the rumen portion of the weight showed a quadratic effect, at the level of 10.71% of CG, with a minimum point of 0.37 kg. Similar behavior was observed for the reticulum, with a minimum point of 0.08 kg, at the level of 7.5% of CG. The weights and yields of the buchada and panelada were negatively influenced by the experimental diets. Low-purity crude glycerin may partially replace corn and be included in up to 6% of the dry matter of the finished goats' feedlot diet without adversely affecting weights and yields of organs, viscera, and regional dishes, such as buchada and panelada.

Carcass characteristics of Santa Ines sheep with different biotypes and slaughtering weights / Características de carcaça de ovinos da raça Santa Inês com diferentes biótipos e pesos de abate

This study evaluated the characteristics of carcass and commercial cuts of Santa Ines lambs of different biotypes (traditional and modern) slaughtered at 32 kg and 34 kg. The thirty-six Santa Ines sheep used, of which 18 traditional and 18 modern biotypes were on average 180 days old and weighed 16 kg initially. The animals were kept in individual stalls (0.80 × 1.20 m) until they reached the slaughtering weight. The experimental design was completely randomized, factorial 2×2 (two biotypes x two slaughtering weights). The traditional biotype influenced significantly (P 0.05) the carcass yields, conformation, and marbling, compared to the modern biotype. The biotype did not influence (P> 0.05) carcass morphometric measurements and commercial cuts. On the other hand, the 34-kg slaughtering weight affected most of carcass characteristics. The traditional biotype displayed higher yield, better conformation and greater amount of intramuscular fat in the carcass. The higher slaughtering weight influenced carcass characteristics and the amount of fat. Generally, the carcasses presented high muscle proportion and fat amount appropriate to the consumer.

Este estudo avaliou as características de cortes de carcaça e comerciais de cordeiros Santa Inês de diferentes biótipos (tradicional e moderno) abatidos com 32 kg e 34 kg. As trinta e seis ovelhas Santa Inês utilizadas, das quais 18 biótipos tradicionais e 18 modernos, tinham em média 180 dias e pesavam inicialmente 16 kg. Os animais foram mantidos em baias individuais (0,80 × 1,20 m) até atingirem o peso de abate. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado, fatorial 2×2 (dois biótipos x dois pesos de abate). O biótipo tradicional influenciou significativamente (P 0,05) os rendimentos de carcaça, conformação e marmoreio, em comparação ao biotipo moderno. O biótipo não influenciou (P>0,05) as medidas morfométricas da carcaça e os cortes comerciais. Por outro lado, o peso de abate de 34 kg afetou a maioria das características de carcaça. O biótipo tradicional apresentou maior rendimento, melhor conformação e maior quantidade de gordura intramuscular na carcaça. O maior peso de abate influenciou as características de carcaça e a quantidade de gordura. Em geral, as carcaças apresentaram alta proporção muscular e quantidade de gordura adequada ao consumidor.

Carcass characteristics of Santa Ines sheep with different biotypes and slaughtering weights / Características de carcaça de ovinos da raça Santa Inês com diferentes biótipos e pesos de abate

This study evaluated the characteristics of carcass and commercial cuts of Santa Ines lambs of different biotypes (traditional and modern) slaughtered at 32 kg and 34 kg. The thirty-six Santa Ines sheep used, of which 18 traditional and 18 modern biotypes were on average 180 days old and weighed 16 kg initially. The animals were kept in individual stalls (0.80 × 1.20 m) until they reached the slaughtering weight. The experimental design was completely randomized, factorial 2×2 (two biotypes x two slaughtering weights). The traditional biotype influenced significantly (P 0.05) the carcass yields, conformation, and marbling, compared to the modern biotype. The biotype did not influence (P> 0.05) carcass morphometric measurements and commercial cuts. On the other hand, the 34-kg slaughtering weight affected most of carcass characteristics. The traditional biotype displayed higher yield, better conformation and greater amount of intramuscular fat in the carcass. The higher slaughtering weight influenced carcass characteristics and the amount of fat. Generally, the carcasses presented high muscle proportion and fat amount appropriate to the consumer.(AU)

Este estudo avaliou as características de cortes de carcaça e comerciais de cordeiros Santa Inês de diferentes biótipos (tradicional e moderno) abatidos com 32 kg e 34 kg. As trinta e seis ovelhas Santa Inês utilizadas, das quais 18 biótipos tradicionais e 18 modernos, tinham em média 180 dias e pesavam inicialmente 16 kg. Os animais foram mantidos em baias individuais (0,80 × 1,20 m) até atingirem o peso de abate. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado, fatorial 2×2 (dois biótipos x dois pesos de abate). O biótipo tradicional influenciou significativamente (P 0,05) os rendimentos de carcaça, conformação e marmoreio, em comparação ao biotipo moderno. O biótipo não influenciou (P>0,05) as medidas morfométricas da carcaça e os cortes comerciais. Por outro lado, o peso de abate de 34 kg afetou a maioria das características de carcaça. O biótipo tradicional apresentou maior rendimento, melhor conformação e maior quantidade de gordura intramuscular na carcaça. O maior peso de abate influenciou as características de carcaça e a quantidade de gordura. Em geral, as carcaças apresentaram alta proporção muscular e quantidade de gordura adequada ao consumidor.(AU)

Productive and economic performance of goats of different genetic groups / Desempenho produtivo e econômico de cabritos de diferentes grupos genéticos

This study aimed to evaluate the bio-economic performance in confinement crossbred goats from different genetic groups. Were used 30 goats, crossbred (F1) intact male, 10 goats Boer x SPRD (undefined breed), 10 x Savannah SPRD and 10 Oberhasli x SPRD, with an average weight of 15 kg and an average age of 100 days. The initial weight was evaluated, final body weight, average daily gain, total weight gain, dry matter intake, water intake, feed conversion and days on feed. As an economic indicator was calculated gross profit margin (MB), the average dry matter intake, the confinement period, the cost of each diet and the cost of vaccines and medicines. We used the 5% Tukey test for comparisons between treatment means. For the variables weight gain, dry matter intake, water intake and body condition score averages observed did not differ between the genetic groups. There was significant effect (P> 0.05) of genetic groups on days on feed. The biological performance of the goats finished in feedlot was not influenced by genetic group. In bioeconomic analysis was no significant difference (P> 0.05) between the evaluated racial groups. Gross profit margin was negative for the mestizos Pardo Alpine x SPRD. The cross between the Boer breed and without defined breed results in premature animals, reaching slaughter weights with reduced confinement period. In the feedlot finishing system crossbred Boer goats x SPRD showed better economic performance, providing greater profitability to the creator.(AU)

Objetivou-se avaliar o desempenho bioecônomico em confinamento de cabritos mestiços, de diferentes grupamentos genéticos. Foram utilizados 30 cabritos, mestiços (F1), machos não castrados, sendo 10 cabritos Boer x SPRD (Sem Raça Definida), 10 Savana x SPRD e 10 Pardo Alpino x SPRD, com peso médio de 15 kg e idade média de 100 dias. O delineamento utilizado foi o inteiramente casualizado com três tratamentos (genótipos) e 10 repetições. Avaliou-se o peso inicial, peso vivo final, ganho de peso médio diário, ganho de peso total, consumo de matéria seca, consumo de água, e conversão alimentar e dias de confinamento. Como indicador econômico foi calculado a margem bruta de lucro (MB), o consumo médio de matéria seca, o período de confinamento, o custo de cada dieta e as despesas com vacinas e medicamentos. Utilizou-se o teste de Tukey a 5% para as comparações entre as médias dos tratamentos. Para as variáveis, ganho de peso, consumo de matéria seca, consumo de água e escore corporal, as médias observadas não diferiram entre os grupos genéticos. Houve efeito significativo (P>0,05) dos grupos genéticos sobre os dias de confinamento. O desempenho biológico dos cabritos terminados em confinamento não foi influenciado pelo grupo genético. Na análise bioeconômica houve diferença significativa (P>0,05) entre os grupos raciais avaliados. A margem bruta de lucro foi negativa para os mestiços Pardo Alpino x SPRD. O cruzamento entre a raça Boer e animais sem padrão racial definido resulta em animais mais precoces, alcançando pesos ao abate com período de confinamento reduzido. No sistema de terminação em confinamento, os cabritos mestiços de Boer x SPRD apresentaram melhor desempenho econômico, proporcionando uma maior lucratividade para o criador.(AU)

Productive and economic performance of goats of different genetic groups / Desempenho produtivo e econômico de cabritos de diferentes grupos genéticos

This study aimed to evaluate the bio-economic performance in confinement crossbred goats from different genetic groups. Were used 30 goats, crossbred (F1) intact male, 10 goats Boer x SPRD (undefined breed), 10 x Savannah SPRD and 10 Oberhasli x SPRD, with an average weight of 15 kg and an average age of 100 days. The initial weight was evaluated, final body weight, average daily gain, total weight gain, dry matter intake, water intake, feed conversion and days on feed. As an economic indicator was calculated gross profit margin (MB), the average dry matter intake, the confinement period, the cost of each diet and the cost of vaccines and medicines. We used the 5% Tukey test for comparisons between treatment means. For the variables weight gain, dry matter intake, water intake and body condition score averages observed did not differ between the genetic groups. There was significant effect (P> 0.05) of genetic groups on days on feed. The biological performance of the goats finished in feedlot was not influenced by genetic group. In bioeconomic analysis was no significant difference (P> 0.05) between the evaluated racial groups. Gross profit margin was negative for the mestizos Pardo Alpine x SPRD. The cross between the Boer breed and without defined breed results in premature animals, reaching slaughter weights with reduced confinement period. In the feedlot finishing system crossbred Boer goats x SPRD showed better economic performance, providing greater profitability to the creator.

Objetivou-se avaliar o desempenho bioecônomico em confinamento de cabritos mestiços, de diferentes grupamentos genéticos. Foram utilizados 30 cabritos, mestiços (F1), machos não castrados, sendo 10 cabritos Boer x SPRD (Sem Raça Definida), 10 Savana x SPRD e 10 Pardo Alpino x SPRD, com peso médio de 15 kg e idade média de 100 dias. O delineamento utilizado foi o inteiramente casualizado com três tratamentos (genótipos) e 10 repetições. Avaliou-se o peso inicial, peso vivo final, ganho de peso médio diário, ganho de peso total, consumo de matéria seca, consumo de água, e conversão alimentar e dias de confinamento. Como indicador econômico foi calculado a margem bruta de lucro (MB), o consumo médio de matéria seca, o período de confinamento, o custo de cada dieta e as despesas com vacinas e medicamentos. Utilizou-se o teste de Tukey a 5% para as comparações entre as médias dos tratamentos. Para as variáveis, ganho de peso, consumo de matéria seca, consumo de água e escore corporal, as médias observadas não diferiram entre os grupos genéticos. Houve efeito significativo (P>0,05) dos grupos genéticos sobre os dias de confinamento. O desempenho biológico dos cabritos terminados em confinamento não foi influenciado pelo grupo genético. Na análise bioeconômica houve diferença significativa (P>0,05) entre os grupos raciais avaliados. A margem bruta de lucro foi negativa para os mestiços Pardo Alpino x SPRD. O cruzamento entre a raça Boer e animais sem padrão racial definido resulta em animais mais precoces, alcançando pesos ao abate com período de confinamento reduzido. No sistema de terminação em confinamento, os cabritos mestiços de Boer x SPRD apresentaram melhor desempenho econômico, proporcionando uma maior lucratividade para o criador.