Green tea supplementation promotes leukocyte telomere length elongation in obese women.

INTRODUCTION: inflammation and oxidative stress are factors that may play a substantial role in telomere attrition. In line of this, obesity is associated with telomere shortening. Green tea had anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects and may alter telomere length (TL). OBJECTIVES: we evaluated the effect of decaffeinated green tea supplementation in obese women on TL. METHODS: we conducted a cross-sectional interventional study with ten obese (body mass index [BMI] > 40 kg/m²) and eight normal weight (BMI > 18.5 and < 24.9 kg/m²) women (age between 27 and 48 years). The supplementation was carried out with capsules (each contained 450.7 mg of epigallocatechin-3-gallate) during eight weeks. Anthropometric and dietary intake assessment, and blood collection (for biochemical and TL analysis by quantitative PCR) were performed before and after supplementation. Normal weight patients were evaluated at a single moment. RESULTS: we observed a significant increase on TL after supplementation (1.57 ± 1.1 to 3.2 ± 2.1 T/Sratio; p < 0.05). Moreover, we found shorter TL in obese patients (day 0) when compared to normal weight individuals (3.2 ± 1.9 T/Sratio; p < 0.05) and an inverse association between TL and BMI, even after age adjustment (beta = -0.527; r² = 0.286; IC = -0.129, -0.009). CONCLUSION: obesity is related to shorter telomeres. Green tea supplementation during eight weeks promotes telomere elongation in obese women.

The Ala55Val and -866G>A polymorphisms of the UCP2 gene could be biomarkers for weight loss in patients who had Roux-en-Y gastric bypass.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate whether the Ala55Val and -866G>A polymorphisms of the UCP2 gene are related to weight loss and changes in body composition after bariatric surgery performed by Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB). METHODS: This longitudinal study enrolled obese patients submitted to RYGB. Data regarding weight (kg), body mass index (kg/m2), fat-free mass (FFM; kg), fat mass (kg), weight loss (kg and %), and percent excess weight loss were collected from both preoperative and 1-y postoperative medical records. Polymorphisms were genotyped by allelic discrimination using real-time polymerase chain reaction and TaqMan-predesigned single nucleotide polymorphism Genotyping Assay kits (Applied Biosystems, Foster City, CA, USA). The t test was used to compare variables between genotypes of each polymorphism to analyze the dominant and recessive models. Linear regression models were used to adjust the effects of initial weight, age, and sex on the variation of weight and body composition (P < 0.05). RESULTS: We analyzed 150 severely obese individuals (age 47.2 ± 10.5 y; 80% women). Genotype analysis showed a greater prevalence of heterozygous GA (41.3%) for -866G>A polymorphism and CT (39.3%) for Ala55Val polymorphism. Individuals who carried the T (CT+TT) and A (GA+AA) mutated alleles for Ala55Val and -866G>A, respectively, showed a higher weight and FFM loss. CONCLUSION: The mutated alleles T for Ala55Val and A for -866G>A polymorphism could be biomarkers of weight loss 1 y after RYGB.

UCP1 and UCP3 Expression Is Associated with Lipid and Carbohydrate Oxidation and Body Composition.

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE: Uncoupling proteins (UCPs) are located in the inner membrane of mitochondria. These proteins participate in thermogenesis and energy expenditure. This study aimed to evaluate how UCP1 and UCP3 expression influences substrate oxidation and elicits possible changes in body composition in patients submitted to bariatric surgery. SUBJECTS/METHODS: This is a longitudinal study comprising 13 women with obesity grade III that underwent bariatric surgery and 10 healthy weight individuals (control group). Body composition was assessed by bioelectrical impedance. Carbohydrate and fat oxidation was determined by indirect calorimetry. Subcutaneous adipose tissue was collected for gene expression analysis. QPCR was used to evaluate UCP1 and UCP3 expression. RESULTS: Obese patients and the control group differed significantly in terms of lipid and carbohydrate oxidation. Six months after bariatric surgery, the differences disappeared. Lipid oxidation correlated with the percentage of fat mass in the postoperative period. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the UCP1 and UCP3 genes contributed to lipid and carbohydrate oxidation. Additionally, UCP3 expression was associated with BMI, percentage of lean body mass, and percentage of mass in the postoperative period. CONCLUSIONS: UCP1 and UCP3 expression is associated with lipid and carbohydrate oxidation in patients submitted to bariatric surgery. In addition, UCP3 participates in body composition modulation six months postoperatively.

WEIGHT LOSS AND METABOLIC OUTCOMES 12 MONTHS AFTER ROUX-EN-Y GASTRIC BYPASS IN A POPULATION OF SOUTHEASTERN BRAZIL.

UNLABELLED: BACKGROUNGD: previous outcome research in bariatric surgery has to document positive changes in co-morbidities associated with obesity. OBJECTIVE: the study aimed report a description of the impact of bariatric surgery on weight loss and on the resolution of diseases associated with obesity in patients followed up for 12 months in the public health service of São Paulo/Brazil. METHODS: the study was conducted on the data for 598 selected patients with grade III obesity subjected to Rouxen- Y gastric bypass evaluated postoperatively and 6 and 12 months after surgery. Anthropometric, demographic and biochemical data and personal history were determined at each time point. Serum glucose, total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol and triglycerides were determined in the biochemical evaluation. Data were analyzed statistically by the Chi-square test, by ANOVA followed by the Bonferroni post-test and by the Student t-test for independent data, significance set at p < 0.05. RESULTS: weight loss of 45.5 ± 13.7kg (33.5%) was observed during the first year after surgery. Serum glucose, total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol were reduced during the first six months after surgery and the values were maintained up to 12 months, whereas weight and triglycerides were reduced throughout the study period. A reduced prevalence of diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemia was observed after surgery (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Roux-en-Y gastric bypass is an important procedure for weight loss and control of comorbidities such as diabetes and dyslipidemia at least during the first postoperative year.

Introducción: la investigación de los resultados previa en cirugía bariátrica tiene que documentar los cambios positivos en las comorbilidades asociadas a la obesidad. Objetivo: el objetivo del estudio fue informar de una descripción de los efectos de la cirugía bariátrica sobre la pérdida de peso y en la resolución de enfermedades asociadas con la obesidad en pacientes seguidos durante 12 meses en el servicio de salud pública de São Paulo/Brasil. Métodos: el estudio se realizó con los datos de 598 pacientes seleccionados con obesidad grado III sometidos a bypass gástrico en Y de Roux evaluados antes y 6 y 12 meses después de la cirugía. En cada momento se determinaron la antropometría, los datos demográficos y bioquímicos y la historia personal. La glucosa sérica, el colesterol total, el colesterol LDL, el colesterol HDL y los triglicéridos fueron determinados en la evaluación bioquímica. Los datos fueron analizados estadísticamente por el test de Chi-cuadrado, por ANOVA seguido por el post-test de Bonferroni y por la prueba t de Student para datos independientes; significación fijada en p < 0,05. Resultados: se observó pérdida de peso de 45,5 ± 13,7 kg (33,5%) durante el primer año después de la cirugía. Glucosa sérica, colesterol total y colesterol LDL se redujeron durante los primeros seis meses después de la cirugía y los valores se mantuvieron hasta los 12 meses, mientras que el peso y los triglicéridos se redujeron en todo el período de estudio. Se observó una prevalencia reducida de diabetes mellitus y dislipidemia después de la cirugía (p < 0,001). Conclusiones: el bypass gástrico en Y de Roux es un procedimiento importante para la pérdida de peso y el control de las comorbilidades como la diabetes y la dislipidemia, al menos durante el primer año postoperatorio.

Alpha-synuclein A53T mutation is not frequent on a sample of Brazilian Parkinson's disease patients.

INTRODUCTION: The pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD) involves both genetic susceptibility and environmental factors, with focus on the mutation in the alpha-synuclein gene (SNCA).Objective To analyse the polymorphism SNCA-A53T in patients with familial PD (FPD) and sporadic PD (SPD). METHOD: A total of 294 individuals were studied, regardless of sex and with mixed ethnicity. The study group with 154 patients with PD, and the control group included 140 individuals without PD. The genotyping of SNCA-A53T was performed by PCR/RFLP. Significance level was p < 0.05. RESULTS: Among all patients, 37 (24%) had FPD and 117 (75.9%) had SPD. The absence of SNCA-A53T mutation was observed in all individuals. CONCLUSION: SPD is notably observed in patients. However, the SNCA-A53T mutation was absent in all individuals, which does not differ controls from patients. This fact should be confirmed in a Brazilian study case with a more numerous and older population.

Alpha-synuclein A53T mutation is not frequent on a sample of Brazilian Parkinson’s disease patients / Mutação A53T da alfa-sinucleína não é frequente em amostra de população brasileira com doença de Parkinson

Introduction The pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease (PD) involves both genetic susceptibility and environmental factors, with focus on the mutation in the alpha-synuclein gene (SNCA).Objective To analyse the polymorphism SNCA-A53T in patients with familial PD (FPD) and sporadic PD (SPD).Method A total of 294 individuals were studied, regardless of sex and with mixed ethnicity. The study group with 154 patients with PD, and the control group included 140 individuals without PD. The genotyping of SNCA-A53T was performed by PCR/RFLP. Significance level was p < 0.05.Results Among all patients, 37 (24%) had FPD and 117 (75.9%) had SPD. The absence of SNCA-A53T mutation was observed in all individuals.Conclusion SPD is notably observed in patients. However, the SNCA-A53T mutation was absent in all individuals, which does not differ controls from patients. This fact should be confirmed in a Brazilian study case with a more numerous and older population.

Introdução A patogênese da doença de Parkinson (DP) envolve fatores ambientais e suscetibilidade genética, destacando-se a mutação de alfa-sinucleína (SNCA.)Objetivos Analisar a variante genética SNCA-A53T em pacientes com DP familiar (DPF) e DP esporádica (DPE).Método Foram estudados 294 indivíduos, independente de sexo, com etnia miscigenada, sendo 154 com DP e 140 sem a doença (grupo controle). A genotipagem de SNCA-A53T foi realizada por PCR/RFLP. Nível de significância para p < 0,05.Resultados Entre os pacientes, 37(24%) tinham DPF e 117 (75,9%) DPE. A ausência da mutação SNCA-A53T em todos os indivíduos.Conclusão DPE é destacada entre os pacientes, no entanto a mutação SNCA-A53T ausente em todos os indivíduos, não diferenciando os grupo controle e pacientes, o que deve ser confirmado em população brasileira, considerando uma ampla casuística, além da ancestralidade.

Las comparaciones entre las ecuaciones de predicción de la tasa metabólica en reposo y la calorimetría indirecta en los adolescentes obesos / Comparisons between predictive equations of resting metabolic rate and indirect calorimetry in obese teenagers

Objective: To measure the accuracy of predictive equations of resting metabolic rate (RMR) in obese teenagers in relation to indirect calorimetry (IC). Methods: This study was conducted with 116 obese teenagers (60 males; 13.7±1.1 years). The RMR was calculated from Harris and Benedict, Schofield, WHO, Henry and Rees equations. The RMR was measured by the QUARK-RMR system. The comparison between predictive equations and IC was by the Student's t test. The reliability of data between predictive equations and IC was verified by the typical error of measurement (TEM) and the coefficient of variation (CV%). Results: Henry's equation was significantly different from IC (p<0.02). The CV% found for each equations compared to IC turned was low. However, when the TEM was measured it was considered high in absolute values which can cause errors when estimating the RMR. Therefore, it is important that specific predictive equations are developed for Brazilian obese teenagers.

Objetivo: Medir la precisión de las ecuaciones predictivas de la tasa metabólica de reposo (TMR) en los adolescentes obesos en relación con la calorimetría indirecta (CI). Métodos: El estudio se realizó en 116 adolescentes obesos (60 niños, 13,7 ± 1,1 años). La TMR se calculó a partir de las ecuaciones predictivas de Harris y Benedict, Schofield, OMS, Henry y Rees. La TMR se midió por el sistema de QUARK-TMR. La comparación entre las ecuaciones de predicción y IC se realizó mediante el test t de Student. La fiabilidad de los datos entre IC y ecuaciones de predicción fue verificada por el error típico de la medición (TEM) y el coeficiente de variación (CV%). Resultados: La ecuación de Henry fue significativamente diferente de IC (p <0,02). El CV% encontrado para cada ecuación en comparación con IC fue bajo; no obstante, cuando se midió el TEM, este fue considerado alto en valores absolutos que puede provocar errores al estimar la TMR. Por lo tanto, es importante que ecuaciones de predicción específicas sean desarrolladas para adolescentes obesos brasileños.