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1.
Dig Dis Sci ; 2024 May 06.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38709421

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) have clinical benefits for treating several atopic diseases. However, consensus on its use for eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is lacking. The present meta-analysis aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of MAbs versus placebo for treating EoE. METHODS: We searched PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library for randomized controlled trials (RCTs). The primary outcomes were changes in peak esophageal eosinophils count/high power field (HPF) and mean esophageal eosinophils count/HPF. The secondary outcomes were changes in the EoE-Histology Scoring System (EoE-HSS), Endoscopic Reference Score (EREFS), dysphagia score, and adverse events (AEs). We compared binary outcomes using risk ratio (RR) and continuous outcomes using mean difference (MD) or standardized mean difference (SMD), with 95% confidence interval (CI). Considering the diversity of mechanistic properties of MAbs, a pre-specified subgroup analysis by MAb mechanism of action was performed for all outcomes, provided that at least two studies were in each subgroup. Heterogeneity was assessed using Cochran's Q test and I2 statistics. RESULTS: 6 RCTs were included (533 patients). Compared to placebo, MAbs led to a significant reduction in peak esophageal eosinophils count/HPF (MD -0.78; CI 95% -0.87, -0.6801) and mean esophageal eosinophils count/HPF (SMD -0.79; CI 95% -1.5, -0.08). Moreover, MAbs significantly reduced EoE-HSS scores (grade score: SMD -9.31; 95% CI -13.95, -4.6701; stage score: SMD -10.18; 95% CI -15.06, -5.31), EREFS (SMD -5.95; CI 95% -9.19, -2.71) and dysphagia score (SMD -1.79; CI 95% -3.36, -0.23) without increasing AEs compared to placebo. Among those MAbs whose mechanism of action includes the blockage of the receptor for IL-13 (Dupilumab, QAX576, and RPC4046), the scores of EoE-HSS grade, EoE-HSS stage, EREFS, and dysphagia were significantly reduced, and they presented a similar risk of overall and serious AEs compared to placebo. CONCLUSION: MAbs seem effective and safe in reducing esophageal eosinophil infiltrate, EoE-HSS score, EREFS score, and dysphagia symptoms in patients with EoE. However, further evidence is needed to establish its place in EoE management.

2.
Heliyon ; 10(4): e26003, 2024 Feb 29.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38384521

ABSTRACT

This study investigated how a standard could become reality-based in a workplace where certain types of deviations are not permitted, such as a radiopharmaceutical production unit. Compliance with standards is necessary to ensure the safety of individuals who manufacture such substances as well as the security of patients receiving treatment. In this qualitative case study, an ergonomic analysis of work (also known as activity analysis) was performed, with noncompliance recorded in internal audits as a starting point: the lack of double-checking in radiopharmaceutical synthesis cassette assembly. Field observations and self-confrontation interviews with workers from a production unit were conducted to analyze the activities. Although a double-check did not occur, the radiopharmaceutical synthesis operator apparently developed another risk control strategy, focusing his attention to the equipment assembly details, which necessitated continuous control and verification actions to ensure that there were no problems at this stage of production. A multilevel approach was used to demonstrate how the safety and quality of production processes based on standard compliance only become effective and adherent to the activity after resolving various conflicts at work, including control systems (external and internal audits), work collectives, the contradiction of the activity itself, and the discussion of singular situations arising daily. This study contributes to the discussion on workplace safety considering standardization and advances the discussion on changing perspectives regarding rule compliance.

3.
REVISA (Online) ; 13(Especial 1): 357-365, 2024.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1537668

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Descrever o cuidado para prevenção do pé diabético realizado por enfermeiras. Método:revisão integrativa da literatura a partir do levantamento realizado em janeiro de 2024 através da biblioteca virtual da PubMed. Foram incluídos artigos nos idiomas inglês e português, artigos originais relacionados ao tema e disponíveis na íntegra com acesso gratuito, publicados entre os anos de 2012 até o ano de 2024. Como critérios de exclusão: artigos que não atendam o objeto de estudo, duplicados, teses, livros, revisões e artigos não originais.Resultados:O levantamento resultou na seleção de 15 artigos que evidenciaram que o cuidado para prevenção do pé diabético se desenvolvem a partir da atuação do enfermeiro, e por meio da aplicação de cuidados, como avaliação do paciente, educação em saúde para os pacientes e a educação permanente para os profissionais de saúde, controle glicêmico, verificação do Índice tibial braquial-ITB para diagnóstico de doença arterial obstrutiva periférica (DAOP), uso de termometria cutânea ou imagem infravermelha, criação de software e exames laboratoriais. Conclusão:O estudo poderá contribuir para melhoria da qualidade de vida dos pacientes diabéticos através do conhecimento dos profissionais de enfermagem acerca dos cuidados elencados para melhor atender aos pacientes bem como contribuir com a diminuição de casos de úlceras em pé diabético.


Objective: To describe the care to prevent diabetic foot provided by nurses. Method:integrative literature review based on the survey carried out in January 2024 through the PubMed virtual library. Articles in English and Portuguese were included, original articles related to the topic and available in full with free access, published between 2012 and 2024. Exclusion criteria were: articles that do not meet the object of study, duplicates, theses, books, reviews and non-original articles. Results:The survey resultedin the selection of 15 articles that showed that care to prevent diabetic foot develops from the role of nurses, and through the application of care, such as patient assessment, health education for patients and continuing education for health professionals, glycemic control, verification of the brachial tibial index-ABI for diagnosing peripheral arterial obstructive disease (PAOD), use of skin thermometry or infrared imaging, creation of software and laboratory tests. Conclusion:The study may contribute to improving the quality of life of diabetic patients through the knowledge of nursing professionals about the care provided to better serve patients as well as contributing to the reduction of cases of diabetic foot ulcers.


Objetivo: Describir los cuidados para la prevención del pie diabético brindados por enfermeras. Método:revisión integrativa de la literatura a partir de la encuesta realizada en enero de 2024 a través de la biblioteca virtual PubMed. Se incluyeron artículos en inglés y portugués, artículos originales relacionados con el tema y disponibles íntegramente con acceso gratuito, publicados entre 2012 y 2024. Los criterios de exclusión fueron: artículos que no cumplan con el objeto de estudio, duplicados, tesis, libros, reseñas y artículos no originales. Resultados:La encuesta resultó en la selección de 15 artículos que mostraron que los cuidados para prevenir el pie diabético se desarrollan desde el rol del enfermero, y a través de la aplicación de cuidados, como la evaluación del paciente, la educación en salud de los pacientes y la educación continua de los profesionales de la salud, la glucemia. control, verificación del índice braquial tibial-ITB para el diagnóstico de enfermedad arterial obstructiva periférica (EAP), uso de termometría cutánea o imágenes infrarrojas, creación de software y pruebas de laboratorio. Conclusión:El estudio puede contribuir a mejorar la calidad de vida de los pacientes diabéticos a través del conocimiento de los profesionales de enfermería sobre los cuidados brindados para atender mejor a los pacientes, así como contribuir a la reducción de casos de úlceras del pie diabético.


Subject(s)
Diabetic Foot , Primary Health Care , Technology , Diabetes Complications , Nursing Care
4.
Arq. ciências saúde UNIPAR ; 27(2): 1027-1037, Maio-Ago. 2023.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1425176

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Descrever a importância do processo de educação em saúde reali- zado pelo enfermeiro aos pacientes hipertensos na atenção básica. Metodologia: Trata-se de uma revisão bibliográfica, onde foram utilizados artigos científicos identificados nas bases de dados: SciELO, LILACS e MEDLINE. Um total de 4.427 estudos foram encon- trados, após o refinamento oito foram selecionados para compor a amostra. Resultados: A estratégia educativa em saúde tem grande efetivação no tratamento da HAS, visto que o enfermeiro vai conhecer o paciente e direcioná-lo ao tratamento adequado, monitorando seu estado de saúde e evitando possíveis agravos. Contudo, o abandono do tratamento pelo cliente é uma das maiores dificuldades enfrentadas pelo o enfermeiro. Além disso, desafios no contexto do processo de trabalho em equipe e barreiras relacionadas à estru- tura física nas unidades de saúde. Considerações finais: O enfermeiro exerce um papel importante dentro do contexto da hipertensão arterial. Trazendo a prática baseada em evi- dências como abordagem, garantindo adesão ao tratamento e o controle dos níveis pres- sóricos da HAS.


Objective: To describe the importance of the health education process carried out by nurses with hypertensive patients in primary care. Methodology: This is a bibliographic review, where scientific articles identified in the databases: SciELO, LILACS and MEDLINE were used. A total of 4,427 studies were found, after refinement, eight were selected to compose the sample. Results: The health education strategy is highly effective in the treatment of SAH, as the nurse will get to know the patient and direct him to the appropriate treatment, monitoring his health status and avoiding possible injuries. However, abandonment of treatment by the client is one of the greatest difficulties faced by the nurse. In addition, challenges in the context of the teamwork process and barriers related to the physical structure in health units. Final considerations: Nurses play an important role within the context of arterial hypertension. Bringing evidence-based practice as an approach, ensuring adherence to treatment and control of blood pressure levels in SAH.


Objetivo: Describir la importancia del proceso de educación para la salud llevado a cabo por enfermeras con pacientes hipertensos en atención primaria. Metodología: Se trata de una revisión bibliográfica, donde los artículos científicos identificados en las bases de datos: SciELO, LILACS y MEDLINE. Fueron encontrados 4.427 estudios, después del refinamiento, ocho fueron seleccionados para componer la muestra. Resultados: La estrategia de educación sanitaria es altamente eficaz en el tratamiento de la HSA, ya que la enfermera conocerá al paciente y lo dirigirá al tratamiento adecuado, monitorizando su estado de salud y evitando posibles lesiones. Sin embargo, el abandono del tratamiento por parte del cliente es una de las mayores dificultades a las que se enfrenta la enfermera. Además, los desafíos en el contexto del proceso de trabajo en equipo y las barreras relacionadas con la estructura física en las unidades de salud. Consideraciones finales: Las enfermeras desempeñan un papel importante en el contexto de la hipertensión arterial. Traer la práctica basada en la evidencia como abordaje, garantizando la adherencia al tratamiento y el control de los niveles de presión arterial en la HTA.


Subject(s)
Patients , Health Education , Primary Care Nursing/instrumentation , Hypertension/nursing , Primary Health Care , Blood Pressure , Health Strategies , Treatment Adherence and Compliance/psychology , Nursing Care
5.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int ; 30(56): 118149-118160, 2023 Dec.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37936035

ABSTRACT

Humans are constantly exposed to radioactivity present in rocks, soils, and water, mainly from materials in the Earth's crust that contain chemical elements belonging to the radioactive series of uranium and thorium. An important anthropogenic source of these natural radioisotopes to the environment is fertilizers, widely used to increase agricultural productivity. Exposure to ionizing radiation can become a public health problem worldwide, since it is related to the development of different cancers in humans. The present study aimed to survey research on the radioactive content in different types of mineral phosphate fertilizers used around the world through a comprehensive review of the Scopus and Web of Science databases. About 80 scientific articles fit the purpose of this review. The concentration activity values found varied widely from one country to another, and there is no specific legislation that determines the maximum allowed limits of radioisotopes in these agricultural inputs. In addition, there are still uncertainties regarding the impact of natural radioactivity from fertilizers on human health, highlighting the need for further investigations on the subject.


Subject(s)
Radioactivity , Radium , Soil Pollutants, Radioactive , Uranium , Humans , Fertilizers/analysis , Phosphates , Radioisotopes , Minerals , Uranium/analysis , Thorium/analysis , Soil Pollutants, Radioactive/analysis , Potassium Radioisotopes , Radium/analysis
6.
Arq Bras Cardiol ; 120(7): e20230303, 2023 08 04.
Article in English, Portuguese | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37556656
7.
Nursing (Ed. bras., Impr.) ; 26(302): 9779-9786, ago.2023. ilus
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS, BDENF - Nursing | ID: biblio-1509885

ABSTRACT

Objetivo:Descrever os fatores de risco e a assistência de enfermagem para prevenção da lesão por pressão no contexto hospitalar. Método: revisão integrativa da literatura coletada em fevereiro/2023 através do Portal de Periódicos da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior. Foram incluídos artigos nos idiomas inglês e português, originais, relacionados ao tema e disponíveis na íntegra com acesso gratuito, publicados entre os anos de 2013 até 2023. Como critérios de exclusão: artigos que não atendam o objeto de estudo, duplicados, literatura cinzenta e não originais. Resultados: incluidos 6 artigos que evidenciam medidas de prevenção da lesão por pressão que surtiram efeitos postivos, e avaliar o conhecimento dos profissionais de enfermagem a respeito do tema. Conclusões: O estudo poderá contribuir para melhoria da qualidade de vida dos pacientes através do conhecimento dos profissionais de enfermagem acerca das tecnologias disponíveis para melhor atender e assim reduzir casos de lesão por pressão.(AU)


Objective: To describe the risk factors and nursing care for the prevention of pressure injury in the hospital context. Method: integrative literature review collected in February/2023 through the Portal of Periodicals of the Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel. Articles were included in English and Portuguese, original, related to the theme and available in full with free access, published between 2013 and 2023. Exclusion criteria: articles that do not meet the object of study, duplicates, gray literature and non-original. Results: 6 articles were included that show measures to prevent pressure injury that had positive effects, and evaluate the knowledge of nursing professionals on the subject. Conclusions: The study may contribute to improving the quality of life of patients through the knowledge of nursing professionals about the technologies available to better serve and thus reduce cases of pressure injury.(AU)


Objetivo: Describir los factores de riesgo y cuidados de enfermería para la prevención de lesiones por presión en el contexto hospitalario. Material y método: revisión bibliográfica integradora recogida en febrero/2023 a través del Portal de Publicaciones Periódicas de la Coordinación para la Mejora del Personal de Educación Superior. Se incluyeron artículos en inglés y portugués, originales, relacionados con el tema y disponibles en su totalidad con acceso libre, publicados entre 2013 y 2023. Criterios de exclusión: artículos que no cumplan con el objeto de estudio, duplicados, literatura gris y no originales. Resultados: Se incluyeron 6 artículos que muestran medidas para prevenir las lesiones por presión que tuvieron efectos positivos, y evalúan el conocimiento de los profesionales de enfermería sobre el tema. Conclusiones: El estudio puede contribuir a mejorar la calidad de vida de los pacientes a través del conocimiento de los profesionales de enfermería sobre las tecnologías disponibles para atender mejor y así reducir los casos de lesión por presión.(AU)


Subject(s)
Technology , Pressure Ulcer , Disease Prevention , Hospitals , Nursing Care
8.
Front Cell Neurosci ; 17: 1165887, 2023.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37201162

ABSTRACT

Pericytes (PCs) are essential components of the blood brain barrier. Brain PCs are critical for dynamically regulating blood flow, for maintaining vascular integrity and their dysregulation is associated with a myriad of disorders such as Alzheimer's disease. To understand their physiological and molecular functions, studies have increasingly focused on primary brain PC isolation and culture. Multiple methods for PC culture have been developed over the years, however, it is still unclear how primary PCs compare to their in vivo counterparts. To address this question, we compared cultured brain PCs at passage 5 and 20 to adult and embryonic brain PCs directly isolated from mouse brains via single cell RNA-seq. Cultured PCs were highly homogeneous, and were most similar to embryonic PCs, while displaying a significantly different transcriptional profile to adult brain PCs. Cultured PCs downregulated canonical PC markers and extracellular matrix (ECM) genes. Importantly, expression of PC markers and ECM genes could be improved by co-culture with brain endothelial cells, showing the importance of the endothelium in maintaining PC identity and function. Taken together, these results highlight key transcriptional differences between cultured and in vivo PCs which should be considered when performing in vitro experiments with brain PCs.

9.
Rev. Flum. Odontol. (Online) ; 1(60): 56-65, jan.-abr. 2023. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS, BBO - Dentistry | ID: biblio-1411283

ABSTRACT

Search knowledge dentist front surgeon to low intensity laser through a questionnaire. They were selected randomly in the city of Juiz de Fora and region 91 Dental Surgeons of Minas Gerais. These employees were sent during the months from July to October 2013, a standard form printed with questions about laser education assessment of low intensity. Of the 91 participants, 42 (46.2%) were female and 49 (53.8%) were male. Fifty-seven (62.6%) had dental public institution of higher education; 32 (35.2%) attended a private institution and 2 (2.2%) did not report this data. Eighty-nine dentists reported the time of graduation, and this varied with a minimum of 1 year and a maximum of 38 years of training, the average being 11 years and this is the standard deviation of 10.7. The age of these professionals is on average thirty-five years, ranging from twenty-two years to sixty-five years of age and the standard deviation of this is 10.8. The distribution according to academic title was: 35 dentists (38.5%) had a degree in dentistry; 13 (14.3%) were specialists; 14 (15.4%) had master's and 4 (4.4%) doctorate. 25 (27.5%) did not report the academic title. The most relevant mentioned specialties were general practitioner, endodontics and implantology. We can conclude that the Juiz de Fora dentist - MG and region makes little use of laser therapy and this is mainly due to little knowledge acquired at the undergraduate and graduate education.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Surveys and Questionnaires , Knowledge , Low-Level Light Therapy , Dentists , Laser Therapy
10.
Work ; 74(3): 1027-1033, 2023.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36463473

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Health promotion is an important strategy for companies as it helps identify risks at work and the health needs of workers. Nursing, as a profession committed to promoting decent work, plays an important role in this strategy. OBJECTIVE: This manuscript aims to discuss the experience of the Nursing Service in the construction of knowledge about work, to support actions in favor of health promotion. METHODS: This is a discussion article in the field of occupational health conducted at a Research Center in the nuclear area. RESULTS: Based on actions centered on guidelines on lifestyles and scheduling visits to the workplace, with the Internal Public Health Commission, limitations were identified that allowed us to discuss and understand the role of nurses as occupational health professionals. CONCLUSION: Knowing the work and understanding it in its specificities and limitations of the production process has allowed to expand the possibilities of action with workers to transform working conditions and promote health.


Subject(s)
Occupational Health , Humans , Health Promotion , Workplace , Working Conditions , Public Health
11.
Campo Grande; s.n; s.n; jul. 2023. 54 p. graf.
Monography in Portuguese | CONASS, Coleciona SUS, SES-MS | ID: biblio-1554389

ABSTRACT

Em uma primeira análise de tendências nos estado de Mato Grosso do Sul é possível observar em relação aos marcadores do SISVAN para obesidade/excesso de peso em suas formas mais graves segundo a faixa etária, que existem tendências ao aumento em todas as situações apresentadas com exceção dos menores de 5 anos, que apresentam indícios de queda. Aliado às tendências de aumento da obesidade/excesso de peso em suas formas mais grave nas diferentes faixas etárias no estado, podemos ver nos marcadores de consumo que existe uma tendência na estabilização do consumo de feijão, que marcaria alimentação in natura e tradicional do brasileiro, e uma tendência de aumento do consumo de alimentos ultraprocessados, que são amplamente associados à obesidade e doenças crônicas na literatura (LOUZADA et al, 2021). Os dois fatores anteriormente descritos, associados aos dados de alta prevalência de inatividade física, evidentes nos dados do COVITEL (2022) de que apenas 1/3 da população adulta/idosa do Centro-Oeste é fisicamente ativa (com tendência de queda entre 2021 e 2022) vem nos trazer uma situação alarmante em relação aos principais fatores de controle para cuidado da obesidade em nosso estado (Vital Strategies Brasil, 2023). A Linha de Cuidado de Sobrepeso e Obesidade deve responder à esses desafios com pactuações coletivas para melhor resolubilidade do SUS. Consumo de Feijão faz parte do grupo "Alimentos in natura", poisnão há adição de outros aditivos ou nutrientes para seu consumo. Além disso, o feijão é marco cultural da alimentação brasileira denorte a sul no país. No esquema abaixo, ele entra na barra verde da recomendação, que deve ser consumido em maior quantidade. O consumo de alimentos ultraprocessados é um marcador que engloba todos os alimentos ultraprocessados, que tiveram consumo referido no dia anterior pelo usuário. O consumo desses alimentos está relacionado com Obesidade e DCNT. No esquema abaixo, essa classe de alimentos entra na barra marrom da recomendação, e deve ser evitado ou consumido deve ser reduzido ao mínimo possível. A seguir será descrita a evolução temporal dos marcadores de consumo feijão e ultraprocessados e do IMC para faixa etária coletados na APS nas interfaces de ações da Vigilância Alimentar e Nutricional (VAN). Todos os dados foram obtidos pelo SISVAN-Web para o território do estado do Mato Grosso do Sul segundo macrorregiões de saúde, por meio de relatórios públicos oficiais. Os relatórios públicos para marcadores de consumo e de antropometria podem ser acessados oficialmente pelo link: https://sisaps.saude.gov.br/sisvan/relatoriopublico/index. Esses relatórios foram coletados no período de maio a julho de 2023, referentes aos anos de 2015 a 2022, segundo pactuado em GT da LCSO para apresentação da situação em Comitê Intergestores Regional (CIR), Comitê Intergestores Bipartite (CIB) e para o Conselhos de Secretarias Municipais de Saúde de Mato Grosso do Sul (COSEMS - MS). As análises de tendência temporal foram realizadas por meio de regressão de Linear, com auxílio do programa Power BI (versão gratuita), dentro da sua função DAX (Data Analysis Expressions). Em suma, as prevalências crescentes de doenças crônicas e obesidade no Brasil refletem mudanças nos padrões de vida e nos hábitos alimentares, bem como desafios socioeconômicos. Lidar com esses problemas requer uma ação coordenada de governos, profissionais de saúde, indústria alimentícia e a sociedade em geral, com foco na promoção da saúde, prevenção e acesso equitativo a serviços de saúde de qualidade.


Subject(s)
Humans , Overweight/prevention & control , Research Report/trends , Obesity/prevention & control
13.
Oliveira, Gláucia Maria Moraes de; Almeida, Maria Cristina Costa de; Rassi, Daniela do Carmo; Bragança, Érika Olivier Vilela; Moura, Lidia Zytynski; Arrais, Magaly; Campos, Milena dos Santos Barros; Lemke, Viviana Guzzo; Avila, Walkiria Samuel; Lucena, Alexandre Jorge Gomes de; Almeida, André Luiz Cerqueira de; Brandão, Andréa Araujo; Ferreira, Andrea Dumsch de Aragon; Biolo, Andreia; Macedo, Ariane Vieira Scarlatelli; Falcão, Breno de Alencar Araripe; Polanczyk, Carisi Anne; Lantieri, Carla Janice Baister; Marques-Santos, Celi; Freire, Claudia Maria Vilas; Pellegrini, Denise; Alexandre, Elizabeth Regina Giunco; Braga, Fabiana Goulart Marcondes; Oliveira, Fabiana Michelle Feitosa de; Cintra, Fatima Dumas; Costa, Isabela Bispo Santos da Silva; Silva, José Sérgio Nascimento; Carreira, Lara Terra F; Magalhães, Lucelia Batista Neves Cunha; Matos, Luciana Diniz Nagem Janot de; Assad, Marcelo Heitor Vieira; Barbosa, Marcia M; Silva, Marconi Gomes da; Rivera, Maria Alayde Mendonça; Izar, Maria Cristina de Oliveira; Costa, Maria Elizabeth Navegantes Caetano; Paiva, Maria Sanali Moura de Oliveira; Castro, Marildes Luiza de; Uellendahl, Marly; Oliveira Junior, Mucio Tavares de; Souza, Olga Ferreira de; Costa, Ricardo Alves da; Coutinho, Ricardo Quental; Silva, Sheyla Cristina Tonheiro Ferro da; Martins, Sílvia Marinho; Brandão, Simone Cristina Soares; Buglia, Susimeire; Barbosa, Tatiana Maia Jorge de Ulhôa; Nascimento, Thais Aguiar do; Vieira, Thais; Campagnucci, Valquíria Pelisser; Chagas, Antonio Carlos Palandri.
Arq. bras. cardiol ; 120(7): e20230303, 2023. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS, CONASS, Sec. Est. Saúde SP, SESSP-IDPCPROD, Sec. Est. Saúde SP | ID: biblio-1447312
14.
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1406943

ABSTRACT

Abstract Objective: To analyze the association between phenotypic and genotypic characteristics and disease severity in individuals with cystic fibrosis treated at a reference center in Minas Gerais, Brazil. Methods: This is a retrospective study that collected clinical and laboratory data, respiratory and gastrointestinal manifestations, type of treatment, Shwachman-Kulczycki score, and mutations from the patients' medical records. Results: The sample included 50 participants aged one to 33 years, 50% of whom were female. Out of the one hundred alleles of the Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator gene, the most prevalent mutations were DeltaF508 (45%) and S4X (18%). Mutation groups were only associated with pancreatic insufficiency (p=0.013) and not with disease severity (p=0.073). The latter presented an association with colonization by Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus (p=0.007) and with underweight (p=0.036). Death was associated with age at diagnosis (p=0.016), respiratory symptomatology (p=0.013), colonization (p=0.024), underweight (p=0.017), and hospitalization (p=0.003). Conclusions: We could identify the association of mutations with pancreatic insufficiency; the association of Staphylococcus aureus colonization and underweight with disease severity; and the lack of association between mutations and disease severity. Environmental factors should be investigated more thoroughly since they seem to have an important effect on disease severity.


RESUMO Objetivo: Analisar a associação entre as características fenotípicas, genotípicas e a gravidade da doença em indivíduos com fibrose cística atendidos em um centro de referência de Minas Gerais, Brasil. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo retrospectivo, em que os dados clínicos, laboratoriais, as manifestações respiratórias e gastrointestinais, o tipo de tratamento, o escore de Shwachman-Kulczycki e as mutações foram coletados dos prontuários de registros dos pacientes. Resultados: A amostra incluiu 50 participantes, de um a 33 anos de idade, sendo 50% do sexo feminino. Do total de cem alelos do gene Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator, as mutações mais prevalentes foram Delta F508 (45%) e S4X (18%). Os grupos de mutações apresentaram associação somente (p=0,013) com a insuficiência pancreática e não com a gravidade da doença (p=0,073). Esta última apresentou associação com a colonização por Pseudomonas aeruginosa e Staphylococcus aureus (p=0,007) e com baixo peso (p=0,036). O óbito foi associado com a idade no diagnóstico (p=0,016), a sintomatologia respiratória (p=0,013), a colonização (p=0,024), o baixo peso (p=0,017) e a ocorrência de internação (p=0,003). Conclusões: Foi possível observar associação entre as mutações e a presença de insuficiência pancreática; entre a colonização por Staphylococcus aureus e o baixo peso com a gravidade da doença; e ausência de associação entre as mutações e a gravidade da doença. Os fatores ambientais merecem ser investigados mais detalhadamente, pois parecem apresentar impacto importante na gravidade da doença.

15.
Rev Rene (Online) ; 24: e83200, 2023.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BDENF - Nursing | ID: biblio-1449065

ABSTRACT

RESUMO Objetivo compreender a percepção da pessoa idosa LGBTQIA+ sobre vulnerabilidade social e programática. Métodos estudo qualitativo desenvolvido com dez idosos. A coleta se deu por meio de entrevista subsidiada por um instrumento semiestruturado. Foram incluídos idosos de ambos os sexos ou não binários atendidos em um centro de referência. Adotou-se a análise de conteúdo por meio da modalidade temática para sistematização dos dados. Resultados o envelhecimento humano suscitou discussões acerca das necessidades específicas, como sexualidade. Tratados como tabus, indivíduos idosos que pertenciam a grupos de minorias sexuais sofriam dupla invisibilidade, sobretudo nos serviços de saúde. Ademais, a falta de apoio social e familiar resultou em sofrimento psíquico e vulnerabilidade social. Conclusão por meio dos relatos, é possível identificar lacunas importantes na assistência à pessoa idosa LGBTQIA+, como dificuldade de acesso e práticas de saúde genéricas, que não consideram as particularidades dessa população, além de discriminação e ausência de espaços de convivência. Contribuições para a prática: o envelhecimento populacional suscita discussões acerca da adequação dos serviços de saúde diante das demandas específicas da pessoa idosa, sobretudo no que concerne a sexualidade e às minorias sexuais e de gênero.


ABSTRACT Objective to understand the perception of the LGBTQIA+ elderly person about social and programmatic vulnerability. Methods qualitative study developed with ten elderly persons. The collection was done through an interview supported by a semi-structured instrument. Elderly people of both sexes and non-binary assisted in a reference center were included. We adopted content analysis through the thematic modality for data systematization. Results human aging raised discussions about specific needs, such as sexuality. Treated as taboos, elderly individuals who belonged to sexual minority groups suffered double invisibility, especially in health services. Furthermore, the lack of social and family support resulted in psychological suffering and social vulnerability. Conclusion through the reports, it is possible to identify important gaps in the assistance to the LGBTQIA+ elderly person, such as difficulty of access and generic health practices, which do not consider the particularities of this population, as well as discrimination and lack of spaces for coexistence. Contributions to practice: population aging raises discussions about the adequacy of health services in the face of the specific demands of the elderly, especially regarding sexuality and sexual and gender minorities.


Subject(s)
Aged , Nursing , Qualitative Research , Sexual and Gender Minorities
16.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, CONASS, Coleciona SUS, SES-GO | ID: biblio-1526661

ABSTRACT

O consumo de psicoestimulantes tem crescido exponencialmente, sobretudo entre estudantes de medicina, na busca por aumentar o rendimento acadêmico. Atualmente, a extensa carga horária de aulas e estudos, exigências de produtividade e altos níveis de estresse podem desencadear o uso. Objetivo: Analisar o uso de psicoestimulantes por estudantes do curso de Medicina de um Centro Universitário privado em Minas Gerais. Métodos: Foi realizado um estudo descritivo, quantitativo, com delineamento transversal entre os discentes do 1° ao 5° ano do curso de Medicina no 2° semestre de 2021. Os participantes responderam ao questionário semi-estruturado elaborado pelos autores. Os dados obtidos foram tabulados no software Statistical Product and Service Solutions. Resultados: Dos 244 entrevistados, cerca de 57.4% faziam uso de algum psicoestimulante. Houve maior uso entre os estudantes do 2° ano e as principais substâncias utilizadas foram: cafeína (85%), energético (65%) e metilfenidato (60%). A melhora na concentração (97%) foi o efeito mais percebido pelos usuários, seguido de redução do sono (83%) e melhora de raciocínio (80%). Muitos consideraram que os estimulantes cerebrais têm o potencial de melhorar o rendimento acadêmico, mas pode reduzir a qualidade do sono e consequentemente torná-los susceptíveis a outras enfermidades. Conclusão: É notável que existe uso abusivo de estimulantes cerebrais, sendo fundamental o trabalho em conjunto entre instituição de ensino e familiares, em prol da prevenção e do controle de danos causados por esse hábito


The consumption of psychostimulants has grown exponentially, especially among medical students, in the quest to increase academic performance. Currently, the extensive workload of classes and studies, productivity demands and high levels of stress can trigger use. Objective: To analyze the use of psychostimulants by medical students at a private University Center in Minas Gerais. Methods: A descriptive, quantitative, cross-sectional study was carried out among students from the 1st to the 5th year of the medicine course in the 2nd semester of 2021. The participants answered the semi-structured questionnaire prepared by the authors. The data obtained were tabulated in the Statistical Product and Service Solutions software. Results: Of the 244 respondents, about 57.4% used some psychostimulant. There was greater use among 2nd year students and the main substances used were: caffeine (85%), energy drink (65%) and methylphenidate (60%). Improved concentration (97%) was the effect most perceived by users, followed by reduced sleep (83%) and improved thinking (80%). Many considered that brain stimulants have the potential to improve academic performance, but can reduce sleep quality and consequently make them susceptible to other illnesses. Conclusion: It is notable that there is abusive use of brain stimulants, and it is essential to work together between educational institutions and family members in order to prevent and control the damage caused by this habit


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Young Adult , Students, Medical , Academic Performance , Central Nervous System Stimulants/adverse effects , Attention/drug effects , Caffeine/adverse effects , Alcohol Drinking , Paullinia/adverse effects , Energy Drinks/adverse effects , Amphetamines/adverse effects , Methylphenidate/adverse effects
17.
Cad. Ibero Am. Direito Sanit. (Impr.) ; 11(4): 52-66, out.-dez.2022.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1402473

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: discutir os desdobramentos bioéticos, ocasionados pela atuação da operadora de saúde Prevent Senior, na Comissão Parlamentar de Inquérito da Pandemia (CPI da Pandemia). Metodologia: trata-se de uma análise documental, utilizando o relatório final produzido pela CPI da Pandemia, juntamente com a revisão da abordagem bioética principialista elucidada por Tom L. Beauchamp e James F. Childress. Resultados: a pesquisa apontou que, se os fatos descritos no relatório da CPI forem confirmados após o devido processo legal, princípios bioéticos não foram observados, bem como diplomas legais infringidos. Conclusão: diante do cenário pandêmico, os preceitos bioéticos são instrumentos imprescindíveis para o enfrentamento digno e justo das adversidades em saúde.


Objective: to discuss the bioethical reverberation, caused by the performance of the health operator Prevent Senior, in the Parliamentary Inquiry Commission of the Pandemic. Methods: this is a documentary analysis using the final report prepared by the Commission and a review of the principles-based bioethical approach outlined by Tom L. Beauchamp and James F. Childress. Results: the research showed that if the facts described in the Commission's report are confirmed after due process, it is evident that bioethical principles were not followed, and legal requirements were violated. Conclusion: in the face of the pandemic scenario, bioethical principles are an essential tool to deal with health adversities in a dignified and fair manner.


Objetivo: discutir los desarrollos bioéticos, provocados por la actuación del operador de salud Prevent Senior, en la, en la Comisión Parlamentaria de Investigación de la Pandemia (CPI de la Pandemia). Metodología: se trata de un análisis documental, utilizando el informe final elaborado por el CPI de la Pandemia, junto con la revisión del enfoque bioético principialista dilucidado por Tom L. Beauchamp y James F. Childress. Resultados: la investigación apuntó que si los hechos descritos en el informe del CPI son confirmados después del debido proceso de ley, no se observaron los principios bioéticos, así como de los diplomas legales infringidos. Conclusión: ante el escenario de la pandemia, los preceptos bioéticos son instrumentos esenciales para un enfrentamiento digno y equitativo de las adversidades em salud.

18.
Anim Reprod ; 19(4): e20220012, 2022.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36381270

ABSTRACT

Although studies have shown positive effects of gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) or prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α) at the moment of fixed-time artificial insemination (FTAI) in the conception rate (CR) of cattle, its effects on treatments based on progesterone (P4) and estradiol benzoate (EB) is still not conclusive. The objective of this study was (1) to evaluate the effect of a PGF2α analogue at FTAI in the CR of crossbred beef cows submitted to a 11d FTAI protocol based on P4 and EB; and (2) to describe the CR between PGF2α-treated and control cows in different body condition scores (BCS) and parity categories. Crossbred (½ Nellore and ½ Angus) beef cows were submitted to a synchronization protocol and randomly assigned into 2 groups: Control (n = 163), at FTAI cows received 2 mL of saline solution as a placebo, and PGF2α (n = 163), at FTAI cows were treated with PGF2α analogue (10 mg of dinoprost tromethamine). Pregnancy diagnosis was performed 33d post-FTAI. Binary logistic regression model was used to analyze the effect of PGF2α treatment on CR. There was no difference in CR between PGF2α and control groups (P > 0.05; odds ratio (OR) = 0.92; confidence interval (CI) = 0.59-1.4). A greater CR was found in heifers (P = 0.0006, OR = 2.65, CI = 1.61 - 4.38) and multiparous (P = 0.0006, OR = 2.12, CI = 1.04 - 4.3) when compared to primiparous cows. Cows with low BCS (4; 9-point scale) showed lower CR when compared with moderate BCS (5-6; 9-point scale) (P < 0.05; OR = 0.10; CI = 0.06 - 0.18). There was no numerical difference on CR between PGF2α-treated and control cows in different BCS and parity categories. The results suggested that the CR in this study was not influenced by 10 mg PGF2α analogue at FTAI.

19.
Nat Metab ; 4(11): 1591-1610, 2022 11.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36400935

ABSTRACT

Obesity promotes diverse pathologies, including atherosclerosis and dementia, which frequently involve vascular defects and endothelial cell (EC) dysfunction. Each organ has distinct EC subtypes, but whether ECs are differentially affected by obesity is unknown. Here we use single-cell RNA sequencing to analyze transcriptomes of ~375,000 ECs from seven organs in male mice at progressive stages of obesity to identify organ-specific vulnerabilities. We find that obesity deregulates gene expression networks, including lipid handling, metabolic pathways and AP1 transcription factor and inflammatory signaling, in an organ- and EC-subtype-specific manner. The transcriptomic aberrations worsen with sustained obesity and are only partially mitigated by dietary intervention and weight loss. For example, dietary intervention substantially attenuates dysregulation of liver, but not kidney, EC transcriptomes. Through integration with human genome-wide association study data, we further identify a subset of vascular disease risk genes that are induced by obesity. Our work catalogs the impact of obesity on the endothelium, constitutes a useful resource and reveals leads for investigation as potential therapeutic targets.


Subject(s)
Atherosclerosis , Endothelial Cells , Male , Animals , Mice , Humans , Endothelial Cells/metabolism , Genome-Wide Association Study , Obesity/metabolism , Weight Loss , Atherosclerosis/genetics , Atherosclerosis/metabolism
20.
Rev. bras. cir. cardiovasc ; 37(5): 776-779, Sept.-Oct. 2022. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1407291

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Coronary artery fistula draining into the coronary sinus is a rare vascular malformation, and its diagnosis and clinical manifestations usually occur late. We describe the case of a 72-year-old female patient with dyspnea on exertion (New York Heart Association Class III) associated with palpitations. The transthoracic echocardiogram showed significant tricuspid insufficiency. Cardiac catheterization showed aneurysm of the circumflex coronary artery and fistula of this artery draining into the coronary sinus. The patient underwent fistula ligation and tricuspid valve repair, with excellent surgical results.

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