ABSTRACT
The treatment of mandibular fractures by open reduction and internal fixation is very variable. Thus, there are many controversies about the best fixation system in terms of stability, functional recovery, and postoperative complications. This systematic review sought scientific evidence regarding the best indication for the use of three-dimensional (3D) plates in the treatment of mandibular fractures. A systematic search of the PubMed/MEDLINE, Elsevier/Scopus, and Cochrane Library databases was conducted to include articles published up until November 2016. Following the application of the inclusion criteria, 25 scientific articles were selected for detailed analysis. These studies included a total of 1036 patients (mean age 29 years), with a higher prevalence of males. The anatomical location most involved was the mandibular angle. The success rate of 3D plates was high at this location compared to other methods of fixation. In conclusion, the use of 3D plates for the treatment of mandibular fractures is recommended, since they result in little or no displacement between bone fragments.
Subject(s)
Bone Plates , Fracture Fixation, Internal/instrumentation , Mandibular Fractures/surgery , Humans , Postoperative Complications , Prosthesis DesignABSTRACT
The present research evaluated the influence of a chayotte (Sechium edule) extract (macerated) on the bioavailability of 99TcO4Na as well as in the mass of the organs. In this study, in the biodistribution analysis, the 99mTcO4Na was administrated into female Wistar rats (diabetes and no diabetes induced) which had drunk or not the extract for 7 days. After 10 min, animals were sacrificed, the organs were isolated, the radioactivity determined in a well counter and the percentages of radioactivity per gram (%ATI/g) in the organs and mass of them (g) were calculated. The analysis of the results has indicated that in the diabetes group had been an increase in the uptake of 99mTcO4Na the in pancreas as well as in the diabetes groups treated with chayotte extract. The mass of the spleen, stomach, pancreas, heart and kidney has been altered due to the comparison of the groups. It is possible to suggest that some components of chayotte extracts present an oxidant power able to alter the biodistribution of 99mTcO4Na, as a tip, we speculate that the referred extract when metabolized in the liver may produce reactive metabolites with oxidant properties linked to the stress which is generated by diabetic status, this fact could justify by the increase of %ATI/g in the pancreas which probably may be due to the producing of AGEs in diabetes status as well as by the different molecular and cellular mechanisms related to the effects of the extract and diabetes would promote differences in the mass of the organs.
Subject(s)
Cucurbitaceae/chemistry , Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/drug therapy , Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/radiotherapy , Plant Extracts/chemistry , Plant Extracts/therapeutic use , Radiopharmaceuticals/therapeutic use , Animals , Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/chemically induced , Organ Size/drug effects , Plant Extracts/pharmacokinetics , Radiopharmaceuticals/pharmacokinetics , Rats , Rats, WistarABSTRACT
The use of natural products as medicines has been growing in the entire world. There are concerns that these products may contain potentially toxic ingredients and contaminants such as heavy metals. The labeling of blood constituents with technetium-99m has been influenced by the presence of natural extracts. We evaluated the influence of a chayotte (Sechium edule) extract (100% v/v macerated) on the labeling of blood elements with 99mTc. The animals were treated with the extract during 15 days. Samples of blood were carried out with specific blood biochemistry kits. The present study analyzed the influence ofchayotte in the survival of the strain of Escherichia coli AB1157 submitted to reactive oxygen species induced by stannous chloride. There was a reduction of the lethal effect induced by stannous chloride on the survival of the E. coli culture in the presence of chayotte. The results indicated a decrease in the level of glucose and globulin The effect of the extract could be explained by its metabolic transformation inducing the generation of oxidant metabolites. The culture of bacteria when was treated with stannous chloride and chayotte simultaneously, the extract could be reacting with stannous chloride ions, protecting them against the oxidation avoiding the generation of reactive oxygen species.
