Misinformation about COVID-19 among middle-aged and older migrants residing in Brazil and Portugal.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of COVID-19 misinformation among migrants aged 50 or older residing in Brazil and Portugal. METHOD: This was a cross-sectional analytical study conducted among migrants from Portuguese-speaking countries living in Brazil and Portugal, who were 50 years of age or older. The prevalence ratios (PR) were estimated using the Poisson regression model. RESULTS: Out of the 304 participants included in the study, 188 (61.8%) agreed with at least one piece of misinformation. Factors such as having a religious affiliation (aPR: 1.24), higher educational attainment (aPR: 1.17), knowing someone who died from COVID-19 (aPR: 1.78), and having no intention to get vaccinated (aPR: 1.36) were associated with a higher likelihood of agreeing with COVID-19 misinformation. CONCLUSION: The findings suggest that access to misinformation was influenced by social, economic, and religious factors among elderly migrants with low digital literacy, thus contributing to the dissemination of false content within this population.

Agreement with COVID-19 disinformation among Portuguese-speaking older adults: an international study.

OBJECTIVES: to assess agreement with COVID-19 disinformation among Portuguese-speaking individuals aged 50 years or older. METHODS: a descriptive and analytical study involving 1,214 older adults born in Portuguese-speaking countries. Data collection occurred through online information mining to recognize COVID-19 and disinformation content, and the application of a structured questionnaire. RESULTS: agreement with disinformation content was 65.2%. Residing outside Brazil is a protective factor for agreement with disinformation content, and those who believe in the truthfulness of the information sources they receive were 31% more likely to agree with disinformation content. CONCLUSIONS: there is a high prevalence of disinformation among the older population in two Portuguese-speaking countries, which should raise the attention of healthcare professionals and guide coping strategies.

Positive and negative aspects of psychological stress in clinical education in nursing: A scoping review.

BACKGROUND: Even though clinical practice is crucial for nursing students' personal and professional development, it is recurrently associated with stress. However, stressful situations may not only elicit negative responses, but positive responses as well, and such aspects should be further investigated. AIM: To explore the literature addressing the positive and negative aspects of stress experienced by nursing students during clinical practicum. DESIGN: This scoping review followed the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) and PRISMA-ScR guidelines. DATA SOURCES: CINAHL, MEDLINE/PubMed, PsycINFO, Web of Science, IBECS, LILACS, BDENF and two theses and dissertations repositories. REVIEW METHODS: Searches were conducted from June to August 2022. Studies addressing the positive and negative aspects of stress experienced by nursing students during clinical practice were included regardless of the method adopted. RESULTS: This review included 32 studies published between 1999 and 2022 in 25 countries across four continents: Africa, America, Asia, and Europe. Stress can positively influence academic performance, especially in mobilizing a search for learning and professional development and in integrating theoretical knowledge and improving clinical skills and competencies. Negatively, stress can cause biopsychosocial symptoms that compromise a student's academic performance and can cause doubts and uncertainties about the construction of their professional identity. CONCLUSIONS: Although the negative aspects stand out over the positive ones, it is evident that both are present in the clinical practice environment. When considering stress of nursing students, educators should conduct the teaching-learning process in order to reduce the negative impact and promote the positive side of stressful situations.

Misinformation about COVID-19 among middle-aged and older migrants residing in Brazil and Portugal / Desinformación sobre COVID-19 entre migrantes de mediana edad y mayores residentes en Brasil y Portugal / Desinformação sobre COVID-19 entre migrantes de meia-idade e mais velhos residentes no Brasil e em Portugal

ABSTRACT Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of COVID-19 misinformation among migrants aged 50 or older residing in Brazil and Portugal. Method: This was a cross-sectional analytical study conducted among migrants from Portuguese-speaking countries living in Brazil and Portugal, who were 50 years of age or older. The prevalence ratios (PR) were estimated using the Poisson regression model. Results: Out of the 304 participants included in the study, 188 (61.8%) agreed with at least one piece of misinformation. Factors such as having a religious affiliation (aPR: 1.24), higher educational attainment (aPR: 1.17), knowing someone who died from COVID-19 (aPR: 1.78), and having no intention to get vaccinated (aPR: 1.36) were associated with a higher likelihood of agreeing with COVID-19 misinformation. Conclusion: The findings suggest that access to misinformation was influenced by social, economic, and religious factors among elderly migrants with low digital literacy, thus contributing to the dissemination of false content within this population.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Evaluar los contenidos de desinformación relacionados con COVID-19 entre migrantes de 50 años o más que residen en Brasil y Portugal. Método: Estudio transversal y analítico con migrantes de países de habla portuguesa que residen en Brasil y Portugal y tienen 50 años o más. Se utilizó el modelo de regresión de Poisson para estimar las razones de prevalencia (RP). Resultados: De los 304 participantes en este estudio, 188 (61,8%) estuvieron de acuerdo con al menos un contenido de desinformación. Tener una religión (aPR:1,24), mayor nivel educativo (aPR:1,17), conocer a alguien que murió a causa de COVID-19 (aPR:1,78) y no tener la intención de vacunarse (aPR:1,36) influyeron en la concordancia con la desinformación sobre COVID-19. Conclusión: El acceso a la desinformación estuvo relacionado con aspectos sociales, económicos y religiosos de los participantes y contribuyó a que la población migrante de edad avanzada y con bajo nivel educativo digital difundiera contenido falso entre otras personas.

RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar os conteúdos de desinformação relacionados a COVID-19 entre migrantes com 50 ou mais anos de idade residentes no Brasil e em Portugal. Método: Estudo transversal e analítico, com migrantes de países falantes do português residentes no Brasil e em Portugal que possuíam 50 anos ou mais de idade. O modelo de regressão de Poisson foi utilizado para estimar as razões de prevalência (RP). Resultados: Dos 304 participantes deste estudo, 188 (61,8%) concordaram com ao menos um conteúdo de desinformação. Ter uma religião (aPR:1,24), maior escolaridade (aPR:1,17), conhecer alguém que morreu decorrente da COVID-19 (aPR:1,78) e não pretender se vacinar (aPR:1,36) influenciaram a concordância com a desinformação da COVID-19. Conclusão: O acesso às desinformações esteve relacionado com aspectos sociais, econômicos e religiosos dos envolvidos e contribuíram para que a população idosa migratória de baixo letramento digital, pulverizasse conteúdos falsos entre outras pessoas.

Desinformação relacionada à COVID-19 entre idosos falantes de português: estudo internacional / Disinformation related to COVID-19 among elderly Portuguese speakers: an international study

Desafiando políticas públicas e sistemas de saúde ao redor do mundo, a transmissão global da COVID-19 propagou-se, dentre outros fatores, pela migração de pessoas entre países. Nesse contexto, sistemas, serviços, autoridades de saúde em todos os países tiveram que também enfrentar a disseminação de informações suspeitas. Este estudo trata da concordância com desinformação relacionada à COVID-19. Foi conduzida uma pesquisa internacional com o objetivo de avaliar a prevalência e os fatores relacionados à aceitação de desinformação entre pessoas que falam português com mais de 50 anos. O estudo incluiu imigrantes residentes no Brasil e em Portugal, assim como idosos nascidos em países de língua portuguesa. Os dados foram coletados por meio de mineração de informações online para identificar conteúdos de desinformação, juntamente com a aplicação de questionários estruturados. No primeiro estudo, que envolveu imigrantes de meia-idade e mais velhos residentes no Brasil e em Portugal, 61,8% dos 304 participantes concordaram com pelo menos uma desinformação. Fatores como religião, nível mais elevado de escolaridade, conhecimento de pessoas que morreram de COVID-19 e a falta de vontade de se vacinar foram identificados como influenciadores na aceitação da desinformação. No segundo estudo, que incluiu 1.214 idosos falantes de português, a concordância com conteúdos de desinformação atingiu 65,2%. Observou-se que residir fora do Brasil foi um fator de proteção contra a concordância com a desinformação, enquanto aqueles que acreditavam na precisão das fontes tinham maior probabilidade de concordar com conteúdos enganosos. Ambos os estudos destacam a prevalência de desinformação entre idosos em países de língua portuguesa. Por isso, profissionais de saúde e cuidadores devem tomar cuidado especial para combater a disseminação de informações falsas e desenvolver estratégias eficazes de enfrentamento. A falta de alfabetização digital e a influência de fatores sociais, econômicos e religiosos foram identificados como elementos que contribuem para a prevalência desse conteúdo enganoso. Esses resultados destacam a necessidade de programas de educação e conscientização voltados especificamente para idosos, com o objetivo de promover compreensão e acesso a informações precisas sobre a COVID-19. Além disso, é fundamental fortalecer a credibilidade das fontes de informação e desenvolver abordagens eficazes para combater a desinformação, garantindo assim a saúde e segurança globais

Challenging public policies and health systems around the world, the global transmission of COVID-19 has spread, among other factors, through the migration of people between countries. In this context, health systems, services, authorities in all countries also had to face the dissemination of suspicious information. This study deals with concordance with disinformation related to COVID-19. An international survey was conducted with the objective of assessing the prevalence and factors related to the acceptance of disinformation among Portuguese-speaking people over 50 years old. The study included immigrants residing in Brazil and Portugal, as well as elderly people born in Portuguese-speaking countries. Data were collected through online information mining to identify disinformation content, along with the application of structured questionnaires. In the first study, which involved middle-aged and older immigrants residing in Brazil and Portugal, 61.8% of the 304 participants agreed with at least one disinformation. Factors such as religion, higher level of education, knowledge of people who died from COVID-19 and unwillingness to get vaccinated were identified as influencing the acceptance of disinformation. In the second study, which included 1,214 elderly Portuguese speakers, agreement with disinformation content reached 65.2%. It was observed that residing outside Brazil was a protective factor against agreeing with disinformation, while those who believed in the accuracy of sources were more likely to agree with misleading content. Both studies highlight the prevalence of disinformation among elderly people in Portuguese-speaking countries. Therefore, health professionals and caregivers must take special care to combat the spread of false information and develop effective coping strategies. Lack of digital literacy and the influence of social, economic and religious factors were identified as contributing to the prevalence of this misleading content. These results highlight the need for education and awareness programs specifically aimed at older adults, with the aim of promoting understanding and access to accurate information about COVID-19. Furthermore, it is critical to strengthen the credibility of information sources and develop effective approaches to combat disinformation, thereby ensuring global health and security

Agreement with COVID-19 disinformation among Portuguese-speaking older adults: an international study / Concordancia con contenido de desinformación relacionado con COVID-19 en personas mayores de habla portuguesa: estudio internacional / Concordância com conteúdos de desinformação relacionados à COVID-19 em idosos falantes do português: estudo internacional

ABSTRACT Objectives: to assess agreement with COVID-19 disinformation among Portuguese-speaking individuals aged 50 years or older. Methods: a descriptive and analytical study involving 1,214 older adults born in Portuguese-speaking countries. Data collection occurred through online information mining to recognize COVID-19 and disinformation content, and the application of a structured questionnaire. Results: agreement with disinformation content was 65.2%. Residing outside Brazil is a protective factor for agreement with disinformation content, and those who believe in the truthfulness of the information sources they receive were 31% more likely to agree with disinformation content. Conclusions: there is a high prevalence of disinformation among the older population in two Portuguese-speaking countries, which should raise the attention of healthcare professionals and guide coping strategies.

RESUMEN Objetivos: evaluar la concordancia con contenido de desinformación relacionado con COVID-19 entre personas de 50 años o más de edad, hablantes de portugués. Métodos: estudio descriptivo y analítico con 1.214 personas mayores nacidas en países de habla portuguesa. La recolección de datos se realizó mediante la minería de información en línea para el reconocimiento de contenido de desinformación y COVID-19, y la aplicación de un cuestionario estructurado. Resultados: la concordancia con contenido de desinformación fue del 65,2%. Residir fuera de Brasil es un factor de protección para la concordancia con contenido de desinformación, y aquellos que creen en la veracidad de las fuentes de información que reciben tuvieron un 31% más de probabilidades de estar de acuerdo con contenido de desinformación. Conclusiones: hay una alta prevalencia de desinformación entre la población mayor en dos países de habla portuguesa, lo que debe llamar la atención de los profesionales de la salud y la enfermería y orientar estrategias de enfrentamiento.

RESUMO Objetivos: avaliar a concordância com conteúdos de desinformação relacionados à COVID-19 entre pessoas com 50 anos ou mais de idade, falantes do português. Métodos: estudo descritivo e analítico com 1.214 idosos nascidos em países de língua portuguesa. A coleta de dados ocorreu por meio da mineração de informações online para reconhecimento de conteúdos de desinformação e COVID-19, e aplicação de questionário estruturado. Resultados: a concordância com conteúdos de desinformação foi de 65,2%. Residir fora do Brasil é um fator de proteção para a concordância com conteúdos de desinformação, e aqueles que acreditam na veracidade das fontes de informação que recebem tiveram 31% mais probabilidade de concordar com conteúdos de desinformação. Conclusões: há alta prevalência de desinformação entre a população idosa em dois países de língua portuguesa, o que deve despertar a atenção dos profissionais da saúde e enfermagem, e orientar estratégias de enfrentamento.

Sickle cell disease: A distinction of two most frequent genotypes (HbSS and HbSC).

Sickle cell disease (SCD) consists of a group of hemoglobinopathies in which individuals present highly variable clinical manifestations. Sickle cell anemia (SCA) is the most severe form, while SC hemoglobinopathy (HbSC) is thought to be milder. Thus, we investigated the clinical manifestations and laboratory parameters by comparing each SCD genotype. We designed a cross-sectional study including 126 SCA individuals and 55 HbSC individuals in steady-state. Hematological, biochemical and inflammatory characterization was performed as well as investigation of previous history of clinical events. SCA patients exhibited most prominent anemia, hemolysis, leukocytosis and inflammation, whereas HbSC patients had increased lipid determinations. The main cause of hospitalization was pain crises on both genotypes. Vaso-occlusive events and pain crises were associated with hematological, inflammatory and anemia biomarkers on both groups. Cluster analysis reveals hematological, inflammatory, hemolytic, endothelial dysfunction and anemia biomarkers in HbSC disease as well as SCA. The results found herein corroborate with previous studies suggesting that SCA and HbSC, although may be similar from the genetic point of view, exhibit different clinical manifestations and laboratory alterations which are useful to monitor the clinical course of each genotype.

Heme-mediated cell activation: the inflammatory puzzle of sickle cell anemia.

INTRODUCTION: Hemolysis triggers the onset of several clinical manifestations of sickle cell anemia (SCA). During hemolysis, heme, which is derived from hemoglobin (Hb), accumulates due to the inability of detoxification systems to scavenge sufficiently. Heme exerts multiple harmful effects, including leukocyte activation and migration, enhanced adhesion molecule expression by endothelial cells and the production of pro-oxidant molecules. Area covered: In this review, we describe the effects of heme on leukocytes and endothelial cells, as well as the features of vascular endothelial cells related to vaso-occlusion in SCA. Expert commentary: Free Hb, heme and iron, potent cytotoxic intravascular molecules released during hemolysis, can exacerbate, modulate and maintain the inflammatory response, a main feature of SCA. Endothelial cells in the vascular environment, as well as leukocytes, can become activated via the molecular signaling effects of heme. Due to the hemolytic nature of SCA, hemolysis represents an interesting therapeutic target for heme-scavenging purposes.