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1.
Mar Pollut Bull ; 203: 116380, 2024 Jun.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38733889

ABSTRACT

Microplastics (MPs) have been widely documented in marine biota, with a notable presence in bivalve species. This study examines microplastic (MP) contamination in oysters across a subtropical estuarine system, revealing widespread and highly variable levels of contamination. Our results indicate a general trend of higher contamination in areas with greater anthropogenic impact, and unexpectedly high values in remote Marine Protected Areas, suggesting alternative sources of MPs. We observed a 94.31 % frequency of occurrence and an average contamination level of 8.16 ± 6.39 MP.ind-1, 1.06 ± 1.28 MP.g-1ww, and 7.54 ± 6.55 MP.g-1dw. Transparent fibers, predominantly composed of polyester and polyethylene from likely textile origins, were the most common. The findings underscore the significance of MP pollution in marine environments, even in protected zones. For enhanced spatial assessment and consistent data comparison, we recommend that future studies include MP quantities in terms of dry weight (MP.g-1dw) and biometric data such as size and weight.


Subject(s)
Environmental Monitoring , Estuaries , Microplastics , Water Pollutants, Chemical , Animals , Microplastics/analysis , Water Pollutants, Chemical/analysis , Ostreidae/chemistry
2.
J Periodontol ; 93(12): 1889-1901, 2022 12.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35294780

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Most of the common risk factors for severe outcomes of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are correlated with poor oral health, tooth loss, and periodontitis. This has pointed to a possible relationship between oral and systemic health in COVID-19 patients. Hence, this study aimed to assess the dental and periodontal status of hospitalized COVID-19 patients and their associations with the incidence of adverse COVID-19 outcomes. METHODS: We included 128 hospital patients aged between 20 and 97 years and with diagnoses of COVID-19 in this prospective observational study. Dental and periodontal status was assessed using in-hospital clinical examinations, including the Decayed, Missing, and Filled Teeth index, periodontal status, and tooth loss patterns (Eichner index). Associations between oral health measures, the severity of COVID-19 symptoms, and hospitalization endpoints were tested using chi-square test and incidence rate ratio (IRR) estimation using a generalized linear model with log-Poisson regression. The regression models used a block-wise selection of predictors for oral health-related variables, comorbidities, and patients' ages. RESULTS: Overall, poor oral health conditions were highly prevalent and associated with critical COVID-19 symptoms, higher risk for admission in the intensive care unit (ICU), and death. Periodontitis was significantly associated with ICU admission (IRR = 1.44; 95% confidence interval [95%CI] = 1.07-1.95; P = 0.017), critical symptoms (IRR = 2.56; 95%CI = 1.44-4.55; P = 0.001), and risk of death (IRR = 2.05; 95%CI = 1.12-3.76; P = 0.020) when adjusted for age and comorbidities. The Eichner index (classes B and C) was associated with ICU admission. CONCLUSION: There was a positive association between deleterious oral health-related conditions, especially periodontitis, and severe COVID-19 outcomes in hospitalized COVID-19 patients.


Subject(s)
COVID-19 , Mouth Diseases , Periodontitis , Tooth Loss , Humans , Young Adult , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Oral Health , Tooth Loss/epidemiology , Dental Care , Periodontitis/complications , Periodontitis/epidemiology
3.
Oral Dis ; 28 Suppl 2: 2465-2473, 2022 Nov.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34695290

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: To assess the accuracy of three immunochromatographic rapid tests for salivary detection of immunoglobulin M (IgM) and immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) antigens and the reliability of these tests comparing saliva with plasma samples. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Plasma and saliva samples from 62 patients diagnosed with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and 20 healthy volunteers were assayed. IgM/IgG antibody against SARS-COV-2 was detected using three immunochromatographic rapid tests and compared with real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). RESULTS: The tests' overall accuracy for detecting anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies ranged from 75.6 to 79.3 for saliva and 86.6-87.8 for plasma tests. The sensitivity of saliva and plasma tests increased with the severity of COVID-19 signs and symptoms. The chance of a positive plasma test in participants with a positive qRT-PCR test was 2.27 greater than a positive saliva test. CONCLUSIONS: Although rapid immunochromatographic tests are more accurate using plasma than saliva, which was expected considering its original use, our findings support the use of saliva as a straightforward supplementary method to assess seroconversion in patients with COVID-19, with important sensitivity and sensibility, especially in severe and critical cases.


Subject(s)
COVID-19 , Humans , COVID-19/diagnosis , Immunoglobulin G , SARS-CoV-2 , Reproducibility of Results , Immunoglobulin M/analysis , Sensitivity and Specificity
4.
Materials (Basel) ; 14(19)2021 Oct 03.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34640186

ABSTRACT

The effect of two different heat inputs, 1.2 and 0.8 kJ/ mg, on the microstructure associated with a welded high hardness armor (HHA) steel was investigated by ballistic tests. A novel way of comparing the ballistic performance between fusion zone (FZ), heat-affected zone (HAZ), and base metal (BM) of the HHA joint plate was applied by using results of the limit velocity V50. These results of V50 were combined with those of ballistic absorbed impact energy, microhardness, and Charpy and tensile strength revealing that the higher ballistic performance was attained for the lower heat input. Indeed, the lower heat input was associated with a superior performance of the HAZ, by reaching a V50 projectile limit velocity of 668 m/s, as compared to V50 of 622 m/s for higher heat input as well as to both FZ and BM, with 556 and 567 m/s, respectively. Another relevant result, which is for the first time disclosed, refers to the comparative lower microhardness of the HAZ (445 HV) vs. BM (503 HV), in spite of the HAZ superior ballistic performance. This apparent contradiction is attributed to the HAZ bainitic microstructure with a relatively greater toughness, which was found more determinant for the ballistic resistance than the harder microstructure of the BM tempered martensite.

5.
Rev. bras. promoç. saúde (Impr.) ; 30(4): 1-8, 06/12/2017.
Article in English, Spanish, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-877482

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Descrever a experiência da aplicação de ferramentas de abordagem familiar após diagnóstico de câncer de boca em um de seus membros. Síntese dos dados: Estudo de caso descritivo, desenvolvido com abordagem qualitativa, realizado no primeiro semestre de 2014, em uma Estratégia Saúde da Família, em Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brasil. Para o reconhecimento da estrutura familiar e da capacidade de enfrentamento da doença, foram aplicadas ferramentas de abordagem familiar. Essa abordagem permitiu conhecer a família, acompanhar o tratamento da paciente portadora de câncer de boca e estabelecer uma relação de confiança entre a família e a equipe de saúde, constatando sua importância no apoio às famílias com enfermidades de difícil manejo. Conclusão: A utilização das ferramentas de abordagem familiar permitiu conhecer o contexto de vida dos envolvidos, acompanhar os resultados do tratamento da paciente enferma, criar vínculo e estabelecer uma relação de confiança entre família e equipe de saúde.


Objective: To describe the experience of the use of family approach tools after diagnosis of mouth cancer in one of its members. Data synthesis: Qualitative descriptive case study carried out in the first half of 2014 in a Family Health Strategy in Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Family approach tools were used to identify family structure and the ability to cope with the disease. This approach allowed us to know the family, monitor the treatment of the patient with mouth cancer and establish a trustful relationship between the family and the healthcare team, highlighting its importance in supporting families with diseases that are difficult to manage. Conclusion: The use of family approach tools allowed us to know the life context of the people involved, monitor the results of the sick patient and establish a bond and a trustful relationship between the family and the healthcare team.


Objetivo: Describir la experiencia de la aplicación de herramientas de abordaje familiar después del diagnóstico de cáncer de boca y uno de los miembros de la familia. Síntesis de los datos: Estudio de caso descriptivo desarrollado con un abordaje cualitativo en el primero período de 2014 en una Estrategia de Salud de la Familia de Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brasil. Para el reconocimiento de la estructura familiar y de la capacidad de afrontamiento de la enfermedad fueron aplicadas herramientas de abordaje familiar. Ese abordaje ha permitido conocer la familia, hacer el seguimiento del tratamiento de la paciente portadora de cáncer de boca y establecer una relación de confianza entre la familia y el equipo de salud señalando su importancia para el apoyo de las familias con enfermedades de manejo difícil. Conclusión: La utilización de las herramientas de abordaje familiar ha permitido el conocimiento del contexto de la vida de los involucrados, hacer el seguimiento de los resultados del tratamiento de la paciente enferma, crear vínculos y establecer una relación de confianza entre la familia y el equipo de salud.


Subject(s)
Case Reports , National Health Strategies , Primary Health Care
6.
São Paulo; s.n; 2014. 62 p. ilus, tab.
Thesis in Portuguese | Sec. Munic. Saúde SP, AHM-Acervo, TATUAPE-Acervo | ID: sms-10747

ABSTRACT

A enfermagem é uma profissão que vivencia o estresse em seu dia a dia, principalmente entre aqueles que atuam em serviços de emergência. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, com abordagem quantitativa, com objetivo de identificar o nível de estresse e os estressores nas atividades dos enfermeiros que atuam em um pronto-socorro de um hospital público de São Paulo...(AU)


Subject(s)
Stress, Psychological/nursing , Nurses, Male/psychology , Emergency Medical Services
7.
Rev. patol. trop ; 42(2): 161-176, abr.-jun. 2013. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-696196

ABSTRACT

A candidíase vulvovaginal (VVC) ocupa o segundo lugar entre as vaginites, sendo Candida albicans responsável pela maioria dos episódios sintomáticos de VVC. Entretanto, um fato a ser considerado é o aumento de infecções por espécies de C. não albicans, o que contribui para as elevadas taxas de recidiva e resistência. Os objetivos deste estudo foram isolar Candida spp. de amostras de secreção vaginal, determinar a prevalência das espécies e verificar a produção de enzimashidrolíticas (proteases, fosfolipases, hemolisinas, catalases e gelatinases) nos isolados clínicos. Foram analisadas 144 amostras de pacientes atendidas em um hospital público em São Luís-MA.A produção de enzimas hidrolíticas foi conduzida em triplicata usando-se métodos específicos. A análise estatística foi realizada por meio dos testes c2, Kruskal-Wallis e Student-Newman-Keuh. Apresentaram cultura positiva para Candida spp. 90 pacientes. A principal espécie isolada (43,3por cento) foi Candida parapsilosis e 43 pacientes (47,8por cento) apresentaram manifestações clínicas sugestivas de VVC.al quando em condições apropriadas.


A correlação entre a presença de espécies de Candida e a presença ou ausência de sintomas não foi estatisticamente significante (x igual 3,22 , p igual 0,073). Verificou-se a expressão de enzimas pelos isolados de Candida spp. nas seguintes porcentagens: hemolisinas (80por cento), fosfolipases (8,9por cento), proteinases (17,8por cento), catalases (64,4por cento) e gelatinases (10,0por cento). Diferenças estatisticamentesignificativas foram observadas entre os isolados em relação à expressão de fosfolipases (p igual 0,0005), sendo C. albicans a espécie mais produtora, e de catalases (p igual 0,0045), em que C. parapsilosis e C. albicans foram as espécies com expressão mais elevada. Este estudo mostrou uma predominânciade espécies não albicans em amostras vulvovaginais e a maioria dos isolados revelou-se produtora de hemolisinas e catalases, o que pode contribuir para a virulência das linhagens de Candida e para o desenvolvimento de infecção vaginal quando em condições apropriadas.


Subject(s)
Candida/isolation & purification , Virulence Factors , Vulvovaginitis
8.
Rev. bras. cineantropom. desempenho hum ; 10(2): 176-183, abr.-jun. 2008. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-485090

ABSTRACT

Este estudo objetivou investigar como uma intervenção com treinamento mental (imaginação) afetaria o desempenho de jogadores de tênis juniores brasileiros em duas situações distintas do saque no tênis de campo: (1) saque sem precisão e (2) saque com precisão. A investigação seguiu delineamento quase-experimental com pré e pós-teste e grupo controle. Os dados foram coletados de uma amostragem de 46 sujeitos, jogadores de tênis de campo, do sexo masculino, com idade entre 14 a 16 anos e média de 15,06 ± 0, 83 anos, registrados na Federação Paranaense de Tênis. Os sujeitos foram divididos em dois grupos: Grupo controle (G1), 22 sujeitos que participaram apenas do treinamento de aprimoramento da técnica do saque e Grupo Experimental (G2), composto por 24 sujeitos, os quais participaram do treinamento da técnica e aplicação da intervenção da imaginação. Para analisar os dados foi usada uma ANOVA fatorial para medidas repetidas (2x2x2), P<0,05. Os resultados demonstraram melhora do grupo experimental no desempenho do saque na situação saque sem precisão, após a intervenção da imaginação. Já, a situação de precisão o resultado não foi significativo, demonstrando a efetividade da intervenção com treinamento mental (imaginação) na autoconfiança somente na situação que não requereu ação com precisão motora. Conclui-se que, a imaginação é um método eficiente para melhoria do desempenho no saque do tênis de campo, e deve ser aplicada de maneira especifica para cada situação, principalmente aquela com maior demanda de fatores a serem considerados no desempenho...


The purpose of this study was to determine whether an imagery training intervention program could affect the performance of junior Brazilian tennis players in two distinct situations: (1) serving without precision and (2) serving at a target with precision. The study used a quasi-experimental design with pretest-posttest and a control group. Data were collected from a sample of 46 junior male tennis players with ages ranging from 14 to 16 years old (mean 15.06 ± 0.83), all formally registered with the state tennis federation of Paraná, Brazil. The subjects were divided into two groups: (G1) Technical practice only, used as a control group (n=24); (G2) Imagery group, given imagery training as well as technical practice (n=22). The data were analyzed using analysis of variance (2x2x2) for repetitive measures to p< 0.05. The results demonstrated an effect (p< 0.05) between experimental and control groups in the situation ôservice without precisionõ. However, the difference in the situation of ôservice with precisionõ was not signifi cant (p> 0.5). These results demonstrate the effectiveness of imagery training for building self confi dence to improve performance, but only in the situation that did not require motor precision. It can be concluded that, imagery is a reliable method for improving service performance in tennis and should be used in a specifi c manner for specifi c situations, primarily those which require more improvement in performance-related factors...


Subject(s)
Humans , Cognition , Practice, Psychological , Tennis
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