ABSTRACT
1. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the antimicrobial resistance of Campylobacter strains (C. jejuni, C. coli and C. lari) isolated from broiler carcasses processed in the State of Paraná, Brazil. 2. Rates of microbial resistance and susceptibility were assessed by both Disk Diffusion (DD) and Etest (Minimum Inhibitory Concentration) techniques. Antibiotics were tested using DD (12 antibiotics) and/or MIC (7 antibiotics) methods. 3. A total of 95.8% of the strains were resistant to at least two agents. In terms of multidrug resistance, 75% of strains were resistant to three or more groups of antibiotics. The highest rates of resistance were detected for cefalotin, ciprofloxacin, tetracycline and nalidixic acid. A high rate of susceptibility of the strains to erythromycin (95.8%) was found confirming that this is considered the agent of choice for treating campylobacteriosis. Comparison of the microbial resistance and susceptibility, as determined simultaneously by the two methods, found the techniques to be statistically equivalent for 5 out of the 6 antibiotics tested. 4. The results of this study suggest the need for adopting measures to control the use of antibiotics in broiler production to prevent multidrug resistance of Campylobacter strains and reduce the risk of serious human diseases caused by the consumption of contaminated chicken meat.
Subject(s)
Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology , Campylobacter Infections/veterinary , Campylobacter/drug effects , Chickens , Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial , Poultry Diseases/microbiology , Animals , Campylobacter Infections/epidemiology , Campylobacter Infections/microbiology , Campylobacter coli/drug effects , Campylobacter jejuni/drug effects , Campylobacter lari/drug effects , Disk Diffusion Antimicrobial Tests , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , Poultry Diseases/epidemiologyABSTRACT
Contamination of ISA BROWN layer hens by Salmonella spp. and serotyping of the isolated strains were performed in 30 farms. Salmonella detection was done from feces and cloaca swabs. Eggs produced in the farms contaminated by Salmonella spp. were analyzed by culturing the shell rinsing and egg yolk. Salmonella spp. was isolated in eight (23.0 percent) farms, but was not detected from eggs. S. Enteritidis, which is the most prevalent sorotype associated to human salmonelosis in Paraná State, was not isolated either from birds or eggs analyzed. The sorotypes isolated were Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica (0:3.10) (67.0 percent), Mbandaka (11.0 percent), Infantis (11.0 percent), and Newport (11.0 percent).
Subject(s)
Humans , Animals , Eggs , Epidemiology , Food Production , Salmonella Infections , Salmonella/isolation & purificationABSTRACT
Charqui meats were prepared in laboratory conditions in order to carry out experiments to observe the possibility of development of enterotoxigenic Staphylococcus aureus and Clostridium botulinum proteolytic type B spores and their toxins. Results demonstrated that the harsh processing conditions, high salt concentration, relative high temperature, a(w) values, inhibited the growth of both bacteria. Under our experimental conditions, S. aureus would survive throughout the sequence of salting steps i.e. brine followed by rock salting and the sunshine drying step. However, at final a(w) value of 0.70-0.75 would create conditions to inhibit its development. The other experiment revealed that C. botulinum spores germination also was impaired because of these low a(w) values. Under these conditions, charqui meats revealed to be safe products in relation to toxins from both enterotoxigenic S. aureus and C. botulinum.
