ABSTRACT
An inflammatory process involving the pancreas, known as pancreatitis, can be categorized as either acute or chronic and may present in one of many ways. The clinical manifestations of acute pancreatitis are generally limited to epigastric or right upper quadrant pain, while manifestations of chronic pancreatitis are broader and may include abdominal pain in tandem with signs and symptoms of pancreatic endocrine and exocrine insufficiency. An understanding of the initial insult, proper classification, and prognosis are all factors that are of paramount importance as it pertains to managing patients who are afflicted with this disease. Our review delves into the depths of pancreatitis by exploring the embryology and anatomy of the pancreas, the pathophysiology and etiology of acute and chronic pancreatitis, and the medical and surgical management of acute and chronic pancreatitis.
ABSTRACT
Shigella is a common cause of gastroenteritis and can also lead to serious complications such as dehydration, seizures, hemolytic uremic syndrome, and neurological complications. In this paper, we describe a case of a 39-year-old man who was admitted septic, with altered mental status and gastrointestinal symptoms. During the evaluation, he was found to have positive meningeal signs, non-anion gap metabolic acidosis, enteric panel positive for Shigella flexneri, positive IgG for Strongyloides, and pancolitis on computed tomography (CT) of the abdomen and pelvis. He was treated for infectious colitis and initially treated empirically for meningitis, but antibiotics were later discontinued due to rapid improvement of meningeal signs. To reduce the risk of disseminated infection, the patient was also treated for Strongyloides.