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1.
Dermatol Pract Concept ; 14(1)2024 Jan 01.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38364377

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is the second most common skin cancer, accounting for 20% of malignant skin tumors. Dermoscopy is a very useful tool for diagnosing cSCC, and its findings are confirmed through histopathological studies. OBJECTIVES: to describe the different dermoscopic structures of invasive cSCC and investigate their association with the clinical form and histopathological grade of differentiation. METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional study, collecting all patients diagnosed with squamous cell carcinoma over a period of 5 years. The study population was divided into two groups based on histological differentiation (well-differentiated and non-well-differentiated) and clinical form ( nodulo-ulcerative and nodular). Various dermoscopic parameters were compared between these groups. RESULTS: Out of 72 invasive cSCC, 81.9% were well-differentiated, while 18.1% were non-well-differentiated. The clinical form of cSCC was nodulo-ulcerative in 83.3% of cases and nodular in 16.7%. Well-differentiated tumors showed dotted, glomerular and hairpin vessels, along with a predominant white pattern characterized by centrally distributed keratin as well as white circles, and whitish perivascular halo (P < 0.05). The distribution of these white structures was radial in nodulo-ulcerarive lesions, whereas in nodular lesions, their distribution, as well as that of keratin, was more diffuse (P < 0.05). Non-well-differentiated tumors showed a combined white-red pattern with the predominance of arborizing vessels (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Our results show the reliability of dermoscopy as a tool for distinguishing between well- and poorly differentiated cSCC. This distinction is characterized by an increase in predominantly arborizing vessels and a corresponding decrease in white structures as the tumor progresses from a well-differentiated to a poorly differentiated state. Additionally, the nodulo-ulcerative form exhibits a central distribution of keratin, while the nodular form displays a diffuse distribution.

2.
Neuropediatrics ; 55(2): 124-128, 2024 Apr.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37973159

ABSTRACT

Post-coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination encephalitis is rarely reported particularly in the pediatric population. Herein, we report the first case of postvaccination anti-N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) encephalitis in close temporal association with receiving COVID-19 vaccine in a pediatric patient. The patient is a 13-year-old female who received the first dose of the Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine and presented with subacute neurological and psychiatric symptoms and eventually confirmed the diagnosis of anti-NMDA autoimmune encephalitis. The patient recovered after receiving intravenous immunoglobulins and steroids.


Subject(s)
Anti-N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor Encephalitis , COVID-19 , Encephalitis , Hashimoto Disease , Adolescent , Female , Humans , Anti-N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor Encephalitis/diagnosis , Anti-N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor Encephalitis/drug therapy , Anti-N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor Encephalitis/etiology , Antibodies , BNT162 Vaccine , COVID-19/prevention & control , COVID-19/complications , COVID-19 Vaccines/adverse effects , Vaccination
3.
Front Neurol ; 14: 1265115, 2023.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38073635

ABSTRACT

Background: Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) depletion syndromes (MDDS) are genetically and clinically variable disorders resulting from a reduction in mtDNA content in the cells, tissues, and organ systems, leading to symptoms related to energy deficits. Deficiency of the mitochondrial succinyl-CoA ligase/synthetase enzyme secondary to pathogenic variations in the SUCLG1 and SUCLA2 genes is a subtype of MDDS that presents with neurological manifestations and a specific biochemical profile. Methods: This cross-sectional series describes five patients with MDDS secondary to pathogenic variations in the SUCLG1 and SUCLA2 genes from two tertiary care centers in Canada and India. Clinical data concerning the course, investigations, and outcome were gathered through chart reviews. Results: All subjects presented in early infancy with neurological manifestations, including movement disorder, psychomotor regression, developmental delay, hearing loss, behavioral issues, or a combination thereof. Elevated methylmalonic acid metabolites, an abnormal acylcarnitine profile, and lactic acidemia were noted in the biochemical profile of each patient (n = 5/5, 100%). Molecular genetic testing disclosed the presence of pathogenic homozygous mutations in four subjects and compound heterozygosity in one subject. Conclusion: MDDS associated with SUCLG1 and SUCLA2 genes can be detected biochemically by the presence of methylmalonic aciduria besides the elevation of lactate, C3, C4DC, and C5-OH acylcarnitine. Conducting metabolic workups including MMA and acylcarnitine profiles in patients with heterogeneity of clinical symptoms associated with the presence of this biochemical marker may potentially reduce the time to diagnosis and management.

4.
Langenbecks Arch Surg ; 408(1): 414, 2023 Oct 21.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37864631

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: This study aimed to analyze postoperative and 90-day morbidity and mortality and their risk factors in all digestive cancer curative intent resections of a single digestive surgical department in a low-mid income country. METHODS: All consecutive patients who underwent a surgical resection for digestive cancer with a curative intent between January 1, 2021, and December 31, 2021, were included. This is a retrospective analysis of a prospective cancer surgery database managed during the period. Patterns and factors associated with increased morbidity and mortality were analyzed and presented in tabular and descriptive forms. RESULTS: Seventy-six patients were included, 38 (50%) were men with a mean age of 59 years (±13.5). Forty patients (52.63%) had tumors locally advanced, staged CT3-CT4 on preoperative imagery. Thirty-three of our population (43.42%) had laparoscopic surgery (conversion rate at 12.12%). In immediate preoperative, the morbidity rate was 36.84%; among each, 7 patients (9.21%) had serious complications (>2 Clavien-Dindo grade), and mortality rate was 5.26%. At 90 days after surgery, morbidity remained the same, and mortality increased to 7.9%. Risk factors for increased morbidity and mortality were female gender, obesity, high levels of carcinoembryonic antigen, hypoalbuminemia, laparotomy approach, hand sewn anastomosis, prolonged operating time, and wide drainage (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: This study provides figures on mortality and morbidity related to digestive cancer curative surgery in a low-mid income country digestive department and discusses risk factors increasing postoperative complications and death.


Subject(s)
Digestive System Surgical Procedures , Gastrointestinal Neoplasms , Laparoscopy , Male , Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Retrospective Studies , Digestive System Surgical Procedures/adverse effects , Laparoscopy/adverse effects , Gastrointestinal Neoplasms/surgery , Postoperative Complications/epidemiology , Postoperative Complications/etiology
5.
Epilepsia Open ; 8(4): 1340-1349, 2023 Dec.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37805672

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: In Morocco, there was a lack of data related to the epidemiology of epilepsy. This data serves as a useful basis for the development of any national intervention or action program against epilepsy in Morocco. Through this study, we aimed to estimate the active and lifetime prevalence of epilepsy in Morocco. METHODS: We collected data from eight out of 12 Moroccan regions in two steps: In the screening step, we first used a nationwide telephone diagnosis questionnaire and in the second stage, a team of physicians under the direction of an epileptologist conducted a confirmative survey for suspected cases. We fixed the confidence interval at α = 5% and the precision at 0.02. RESULTS: Up to 3184 responded positively to our invitation to participate in this study and were able to answer the questions of the first diagnostic questionnaire. In the diagnostic phase, physicians in neurology reinterviewed all 86 suspected cases using a confirmative diagnosis questionnaire, and 63 persons were confirmed as having lifetime epilepsy and 56 with active epilepsy. The mean age (Mean ± SD) of persons with epilepsy was 35.53 years (±21.36). The prevalence of lifetime and active epilepsy were 19.8 (19.6-20.0) and 17.6 (17.5-17.8) per 1000 (95% confidence interval), respectively. SIGNIFICANCE: This is the first study to estimate the active and lifetime prevalence of epilepsy in Morocco according to the international recommendations of the ILAE. The prevalence of lifetime and active epilepsy were 19.8 (15-24.6) and 17.6 (13.3-22.8) per 1000, respectively. We included both children and elderly subjects. The rates of active and lifetime population epilepsy prevalence in Morocco ranged between Asian and sub-Saharan Africa low- and middle-income countries.


Subject(s)
Epilepsy , Physicians , Child , Humans , Aged , Adult , Prevalence , Morocco/epidemiology , Surveys and Questionnaires , Epilepsy/epidemiology , Epilepsy/diagnosis
6.
Cureus ; 15(7): e42180, 2023 Jul.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37602017

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Strokes are a group of heterogeneous conditions that can cause lasting brain damage, long-term disability, or even death. In Morocco, the management of this disease generates important expenses and increases the financial burden on health care. In order to rationalize the expenses and to direct the budgetary policy in healthcare, we aimed to estimate the cost of ischemic stroke (IS) management in Morocco through this study. METHODS: A cost-of-illness study was conducted between March 2018 and March 2019 at the neurology department of the Hassan II University Hospital, Fez. We included all patients who were admitted, during this period, to the department for IS. The collected data included sociodemographic information, and all details regarding the patient's medical management (diagnosis, treatment, etc.). The cost was estimated using a "bottom-up micro-costing" approach with a societal perspective. RESULTS: A total of 267 individuals were included in this study with a female predominance (56.6%); the mean age was 66.93 ± 14.83 years. The total cost of ischemic stroke management per patient per year was estimated at $3674.32 ± 1340.81, with a high share related to hospitalization at $1415.06 ± 1015.53. A statistically significant association was found between total cost and age (p=0.014), National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score (p≤0.001), and length of hospitalization (p≤0.001); however, no association was found with other factors (sex, complication, Rankin score, etc.). CONCLUSION: Ischemic strokes are relatively frequent in Morocco. Their management generates an important cost, which is influenced by several factors such as severity of the disease and the duration of hospitalization. This cost can be decreased by rationalizing the expenses and acting on various risk factors of ischemic strokes.

7.
Cureus ; 15(4): e38282, 2023 Apr.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37255902

ABSTRACT

Introduction Respiratory manifestations are common among patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) and can present as chest pain, dyspnea, and cough and are often accompanied by fever. These symptoms can resemble those of COVID-19, which may cause increased anxiety in SLE patients. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate the impact of SLE-related respiratory manifestations on anxiety, depression, and quality of life among SLE patients during the COVID-19 pandemic. Patients and methods The study involved SLE patients and was conducted in the year 2020, after the start of the pandemic in Morocco, using a cross-sectional design. Anxiety and depression were evaluated using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), while the quality of life was assessed using the Short Form-12 Health Survey (SF12). Statistical analysis was performed using R software (R Foundation, Vienna, Austria). Results A total of 102 SLE patients, with an average age of 41.6 ± 13.7 years, participated in the study, of whom 92.2% were female. Respiratory manifestations were reported by 20.6% of the patients, and there were no significant differences observed in the general characteristics of the study population between the two groups with and without SLE-related respiratory manifestations. The study found that the prevalence of anxiety and depression was significantly higher in patients with SLE-related respiratory manifestations (50% Vs. 76,2% and 50% Vs. 85,7% successively). These patients also reported significantly more impairment in their physical quality of life (31.8 ± 8.9 Vs. 38.5 ± 10.9). This was observed across three domains of the SF12 survey, including physical functioning (34.4 ± 11.4 Vs. 39.9 ± 11.7), bodily pain (26.9 ± 11.2 Vs. 36.1 ± 14.3), and general health (28.6 ± 10.7 Vs. 35.2 ± 12.3). Although the association between mental quality of life and respiratory manifestations did not reach statistical significance (33.5 ± 12.5 Vs. 39.1 ± 11.5), there was a trend toward poorer mental quality of life in patients with SLE-related respiratory manifestations. Moreover, two domains of mental quality of life were significantly more affected in these patients, namely "social functioning" (30.6 ± 11.3 Vs. 38.7 ± 12.4) and "role-emotional" (26.8 ± 11.6 Vs. 33.8 ± 10.8). Conclusion During the COVID-19 pandemic, the presence of SLE-related respiratory manifestations appeared to be associated with a more negative impact on the psychological health and quality of life of SLE patients.

8.
Epilepsy Behav ; 142: 109172, 2023 05.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36963318

ABSTRACT

AIM: This exploratory study examines the association of the duration of electroencephalography (EEG) recordings to diagnostic yield in children undergoing evaluation for seizures. METHOD: Clinical and EEG data on three hundred and ten patients (167 males and 143 females) were reviewed retrospectively. 134 (43.2%) children with focal-onset seizures, and 59 (19%) children with generalized-onset seizures. The mean duration of recordings in studies interpreted as "diagnostic" was compared to studies that were interpreted as "non-diagnostic". EMU recordings were also compared to routine EEG studies to identify the relationship between routine EEG and diagnostic studies. RESULTS: The principal finding of this study indicates that a longer duration of monitoring is more likely to be associated with a positive diagnostic yield. Mean duration of recording in children with a "non-diagnostic study" was 31.05 hours versus 44.27 hours; p < 0.001 in a "diagnostic study". EMU recordings are likely to be diagnostic with longer epilepsy duration (2.6 years vs 3.7 years; p < 0.01). A diagnostic EEG from a prolonged recording is more likely to be achieved in children with abnormal routine EEG and focal-onset seizures. p < 0.001. INTERPRETATION: Tailoring the optimal duration of EEG recordings and factoring in confounding variables will reduce the need for repeated studies, improving diagnostic utility and permitting efficient utilization of resources.


Subject(s)
Epilepsy , Male , Female , Humans , Child , Retrospective Studies , Epilepsy/diagnosis , Seizures/diagnosis , Video Recording/methods , Electroencephalography/methods
10.
Neuropediatrics ; 53(3): 204-207, 2022 06.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34852373

ABSTRACT

Stroke in infancy is a rare phenomenon but can lead to significant long-term disability. We present the story of a 6-month-old Old Order Amish infant with underlying Williams syndrome, a rare neurodevelopmental disorder caused by a microdeletion, encompassing the elastin gene that produces abnormalities in elastic fibers of the lungs and vessels. This infant presented with lethargy, irritability, and a new-onset generalized tonic-clonic seizure. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was consistent with ischemic stroke in the supratentorial regions. MR angiogram demonstrated bilateral narrowing of the internal carotid arteries with "ivy sign," suggestive of Moyamoya. Moyamoya disease/syndrome is a cerebrovascular condition that is associated with progressive stenosis of the intracranial vessels and can cause ischemic stroke in young children. Targeted mutation analysis revealed a homozygous c.1411-2A > G splice site variant in the SAMHD1 gene, consistent with a diagnosis of Aicardi-Goutières syndrome type 5 (AGS5), an autosomal recessive condition with multisystem involvement. In our unique case of infantile stroke with Moyamoya syndrome and dual diagnosis of Williams syndrome and AGS5, both diagnoses likely contributed to the cerebrovascular pathology. This case report highlights the importance of suspecting and testing for multiple genetic abnormalities in children presenting with Moyamoya-related stroke.


Subject(s)
Abnormalities, Multiple , Ischemic Stroke , Moyamoya Disease , Stroke , Williams Syndrome , Abnormalities, Multiple/genetics , Autoimmune Diseases of the Nervous System , Child , Child, Preschool , Humans , Infant , Moyamoya Disease/complications , Moyamoya Disease/diagnostic imaging , Moyamoya Disease/genetics , Nervous System Malformations , Stroke/complications , Williams Syndrome/complications , Williams Syndrome/genetics
12.
J Contemp Dent Pract ; 21(1): 22-27, 2020 Jan 01.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32381796

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: This is an in vitro study to evaluate the degree of conversion (DC) of nanoceramic and microhybrid composites activated by different polymerization modes at different intervals. AIM: To determine the DC of two resin composites at different time intervals and modes of polymerization on DC. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Two commercially available composite resins-nanoceramic (Ceram X, Dentsply) and microhybrid (Spectrum TPH, Dentsply)-were used in this study. A total of 80 cylindrical samples (n = 40 each) were made by packing the composites in one increment into (5 × 2 mm) Teflon molds and cured using a light-emitting diode (LED) at an irradiance of 1,200 mW/cm2. Each group was further divided into two groups (n = 20) based on the curing modes (20 seconds, 40 seconds). These 20 samples were further subdivided (n = 10) based on the time interval (2 days, 7 days). Degree of conversion was assessed by Fourier-transform infrared spectrophotometer (FTIR) using a direct technique (attenuated total reflectance) on the top surface of the samples. Degree of conversion was measured for samples cured for 20 seconds (n = 10) and 40 seconds (n = 10) after 2 days and 7 days during which the samples were stored in an incubator at 37°C, 90% ± 10% relative humidity. The results obtained were statistically analyzed using two-way and three-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) test and p value set at (<0.005) significance level. RESULTS: Degree of conversion for the tested composites varied between 44% and 55% for Ceram X and 42% and 45% for Spectrum TPH. A significant difference was observed in DC for Ceram X samples for different polymerization modes (20 seconds and 40 seconds) as well as at 2-7 days measurement, whereas Spectrum TPH did not show any significant difference for polymerization modes. CONCLUSION: Ceram X demonstrated high DC values compared with that of Spectrum TPH with regard to two different polymerization modes. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Lesser the time required for conversion and less the residual monomer left, better is the prognosis of the restoration, and better is the patient satisfaction.


Subject(s)
Acrylic Resins , Composite Resins , Polyurethanes , Analysis of Variance , Humans , Materials Testing , Polymerization , Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared
13.
Ann Thorac Med ; 11(1): 60-5, 2016.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26933459

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: Assessing the knowledge and awareness of the Saudi society about bronchial asthma in children. METHODS: Structured questionnaires were randomly distributed to 1039 Saudi Arabians in May 2014 at Jeddah, Riyadh, and Dammam. RESULTS: The awareness of bronchial asthma questions showed that 67% of total sample thought that it could be a fatal disease, and only 13.2% thought that there is a difference between bronchial asthma and chest allergies in children. 86.1% thought that the symptoms of bronchial asthma include dyspnea and nocturnal cough, and 45.7% thought that fever, a runny nose and throat inflammation are not symptoms. 60.2% thought that infectious respiratory diseases may increase bronchial asthma progression. In addition, 40% thought that the use of antibiotics doesn't help in diminishing bronchial asthma complications, and some thought that the patient can stop medication after an acute asthma attack. 34.1% thought that inhaled medication for asthma doesn't cause addiction. Very highly significant results are shown between bronchial asthma knowledge and age, the level of education, marital status, and if the individual knows a person who suffers from bronchial asthma (P < 0.001). There are positive correlations between bronchial asthma knowledge and age, marital status, and level of education (r = 0.152, 0.150, 0.197), respectively. CONCLUSION: The study demonstrated that bronchial asthma knowledge in the Saudi Arabian population is insufficient, and efforts should be carried out to spread bronchial asthma management.

14.
Ann Saudi Med ; 29(3): 219-22, 2009.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19448366

ABSTRACT

Extramedullary adrenal plasmacytoma (EMP) involving the adrenal glands is rarely encountered clinically. We report a A 47-year-old male who presented with bilateral adrenal incidentalomas. After confirming EMP, the patient received two consecutive autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplants (HSCT) using high-dose melphalan. Following HSCT, a serial follow-up helical CT revealed a substantial decrease in the size of both adrenal masses. Serial periodic serum protein and urine electrophoresis and immunofixation showed abrogation of a previously noted monoclonal band. At 50 months follow-up the patient was alive and well. Our patient is the first with EMP to have received an autologous HSCT, which may prove to have a role in therapy due to the immunological effect of the infused donor marrow T-lymphocytes against the clonal proliferation of abnormal plasma cells in extrammedullary sites.This case indicates that an EMP should be added to the differential diagnosis of adrenal incidentalomas.


Subject(s)
Adrenal Gland Neoplasms/surgery , Adrenal Medulla , Bone Marrow Transplantation/methods , Plasmacytoma/surgery , Adrenal Gland Neoplasms/diagnosis , Biopsy, Fine-Needle , Diagnosis, Differential , Flow Cytometry , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Plasmacytoma/diagnosis , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Transplantation, Autologous
15.
Quintessence Int ; 39(10): 847-51, 2008 Nov.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19093062

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: It has been reported that caries prevalence in patients with aggressive periodontitis (ie, juvenile periodontitis) might be higher than that in matched controls. However, the available results are inconclusive. The aim of this study was to assess this relationship by comparing caries experience among subjects with generalized aggressive periodontitis (AgP) and those with chronic periodontitis (CP) and to identify reasons for tooth loss in both groups. METHOD AND MATERIALS: A convenient sample of subjects with AgP (210) and CP (332) was evaluated for decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMFT) by both clinical and radiographic methods. Statistical analysis was performed by t test and ANOVA. RESULTS: The AgP subjects have significantly less caries experience than the CP subjects older than 20 (P < .001). Tooth loss was mainly due to periodontal disease in AgP subjects and caries in CP subjects. CONCLUSION: Subjects with AgP have significantly less caries experience than subjects with CP over 20 years of age (P < .001).


Subject(s)
Aggressive Periodontitis/complications , Chronic Periodontitis/complications , Dental Caries/complications , Tooth Loss/etiology , Adolescent , Adult , DMF Index , Humans , Young Adult
16.
Ann Saudi Med ; 27(6): 437-41, 2007.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18059117

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Hepatic neoplasms can be the primary indication for hepatic transplantation. The tumors can also be incidentally identified in explanted livers. We explored the clinicopathologic features of hepatic neoplasms identified in explanted livers. MATERIALS AND METHODS: All explanted livers resected between 2001 and 2006 were evaluated for the presence of neoplasms and their clinicopathologic features were examined. RESULTS: In 98 liver transplants, 15 neoplasms (15.3%) were identified. Patient ages ranged from 5 to 63 years (median, 56 years). The primary etiology of hepatic disease was hepatitis C virus in 12 cases, hepatitis B virus in 1 case, cryptigenic cirrhosis in 1 case and congenital hepatic fibrosis in 1 case. Serum alpha-fetoprotein was significantly elevated (>400 U/L) in only 2 cases. CA19-9 was not elevated in any of the cases. The tumors included hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in 13 cases, 1 case of choloangiocarcinoma and 1 case of combined HCC and hepatoblastoma. The tumors in size from 0.5 to 5 cm (median 1.4 cm) and were multifocal in 5 of the cases (33%). Tissue alpha-fetoprotein expression was only seen in the cases associated with elevated serum levels. CONCLUSION: In our institution hepatic neoplasms are seen in more than 15% explanted livers. They can be incidentally indentified, are frequently not associated with elevated serum levels of alpha-fetoprotein and CA19-9, are commonly multifocal but small, and are associated with good prgonosis. Elevated serum alpha-fetoprotein, albeit specific, is not a very sensitive marker in the detection of hepatic neoplasms.


Subject(s)
Liver Neoplasms/etiology , Liver Neoplasms/pathology , Liver Transplantation , Adolescent , Adult , CA-19-9 Antigen/blood , Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/etiology , Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/pathology , Child , Child, Preschool , Cholangiocarcinoma/etiology , Cholangiocarcinoma/pathology , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Gene Expression , Hepatitis B/complications , Hepatitis C/complications , Hepatoblastoma/etiology , Hepatoblastoma/pathology , Humans , Liver Cirrhosis/complications , Male , Middle Aged , alpha-Fetoproteins/analysis
18.
Cleft Palate Craniofac J ; 42(3): 304-8, 2005 May.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15865466

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To determine the levels of periodontal disease and dental caries in subjects with cleft lip and palate and to compare them with matched noncleft control subjects. DESIGN: A total of 32 subjects with cleft lip and palate, ages 10 to 28 years, and a similar number of noncleft control subjects were examined for plaque biofilm deposits, gingivitis, periodontitis, and dental caries by using the Silness and Löe plaque index (PI), Löe and Silness gingival index (GI), probing pocket depth (PPD), and the decayed-missing-filled-teeth (DMFT) index, respectively. SETTING: Faculty of Dentistry, Jordan University of Science and Technology, and Prince Rashed Hospital, Royal Medical Services, northern Jordan. RESULTS: Scores for PI, GI, PPD, and DMFT were significantly higher in subjects with cleft lip and palate than in control subjects. CONCLUSION: Subjects with cleft lip and palate are at an increased risk for dental caries and periodontal disease when compared with a noncleft population.


Subject(s)
Cleft Lip/complications , Cleft Palate/complications , Dental Caries/complications , Periodontal Diseases/complications , Adolescent , Adult , Child , DMF Index , Dental Caries/epidemiology , Female , Humans , Jordan/epidemiology , Male , Periodontal Diseases/epidemiology , Periodontal Index , Prevalence , Reproducibility of Results , Statistics, Nonparametric
19.
Quintessence Int ; 34(5): 343-7, 2003 May.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12795352

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to examine the levels of periodontal disease and dental caries in individuals on renal dialysis in a Jordanian population. METHOD AND MATERIALS: A total of 47 individuals (mean age = 42.9 years, standard deviation [SD] 12.5) were examined for plaque deposits, gingivitis, periodontitis, and dental caries using the Silness and Löe plaque index (PII), Löe and Silness gingival index (GI), probing pocket depth (PPD), and decayed, missing, or filled teeth (DMFT), respectively. Gingival recession also was recorded using the distance from the cementoenamel junction to the gingival margin. Patients were categorized into three subgroups based on their renal dialysis histories: on dialysis for less than 1 year; on dialysis for 1 to 3 years; or on dialysis longer than 3 years. RESULTS: There were no statistically significant differences in PII, GI, PPD, and gingival recession among the three subgroups examined. The GI revealed that 55% scored more than 2, indicating moderate to severe gingivitis. None of the individuals in this study displayed an absence of gingival inflammation. DMFT index showed that there were statistically significant differences between subjects on renal dialysis for less than 1 year and subjects on dialysis for 1 to 3 years and more than 3 years. The group DMFT index mean was 8.5 (SD 2.88). CONCLUSION: Gingival and dental diseases are prevalent in the renal dialysis population. The dental community's awareness of the implication of poor oral health within this population should be elevated and daily oral health maintenance should be reinforced by the dialysis team.


Subject(s)
Dental Care for Chronically Ill , Dental Caries/complications , Periodontal Diseases/complications , Renal Dialysis , Adult , Analysis of Variance , DMF Index , Female , Humans , Jordan , Kidney Failure, Chronic/complications , Male , Middle Aged , Oral Hygiene , Periodontal Index , Reproducibility of Results , Time Factors
20.
Eur J Orthod ; 24(1): 9-19, 2002 Feb.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11887383

ABSTRACT

This study was performed to identify cephalometric and facial features of patients with beta-thalassaemia major. A total of 54 thalassaemic subjects were examined for craniofacial deformities, including 37 patients (24 males and 13 females, aged 5-16 years) who had lateral cephalometric radiographs. The thalassaemic groups were compared with a normal control group matched for sex and dental age, using a t-test. All thalassaemic patients had a Class II skeletal base relationship. The average ANB angle was significantly larger than the controls in dental stages 2 and 3 (P < 0.05). Mandibular base length (Ar-Gn) was significantly less in thalassaemic patients than in controls, with the greatest differences (P < 0.001) found in the younger age group. The maxilla was of normal length (PNS-ANS, Ptm'-ANS') and appeared prominent (3.3 mm in males and 5.1 mm in females) due to a reduced cranial base length (Ar'-S') and a short mandible (Ar'-P'). Vertically, thalassaemic patients showed a significantly increased maxillary/mandibular planes angle in all groups, with differences ranging between 6.19 and 12.55 degrees (P < 0.001). Thalassaemic patients also showed a reduced posterior facial height (S-Go, Ar-Go) and increased anterior facial proportions. Of the 54 thalassaemic patients examined, 17 per cent had severe facial disfigurements (grade 3).


Subject(s)
Craniofacial Abnormalities/etiology , Facies , beta-Thalassemia/complications , beta-Thalassemia/pathology , Adolescent , Case-Control Studies , Cephalometry , Chi-Square Distribution , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Male , Malocclusion, Angle Class II/etiology , Maxilla/abnormalities , Skull Base/abnormalities , Vertical Dimension
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