Immune and microbiological disorders in women with infectious and inflammatory pathology of the cervix.

Penetration into the female genital tract of infectious agents is associated with the cause of the onset of cervicitis. In most cases, these are sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). A high level of viral and bacterial load in the study of clinical material from women with infectious and inflammatory pathology (IVP) of the cervix affects the activity of innate immunity reactions. The total number of examined patients was 76 patients of reproductive age, of which 36 women with cervical IVP and 40 women made up the comparison group. The imbalance of microbiocenosis can be accompanied by immune and microbiological disorders. The aim of the study was to study immune and microbiological disorders in women with infectious and inflammatory pathology of the cervix. To achieve the goal, the following tasks were set: to identify the relationship between the expression level of TLR2 and TLR4 genes in the epithelial cells of the cervical canal of women in which UPM is determined. To determine the species spectrum and etiological significance of the microbiota of bacterial biofilm of the cervical mucosa in the pathogenesis of cervicitis in women of reproductive age. It has been established that the determination of indicators of innate immunity, such as interferons, in blood serum and the expression of TLR2 and TLR4 receptors, with the study of their balance, taking into account the pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory properties in IVP of the cervix, has an important prognostic value. An increase in the level of the immune response in the form of hyperstimulation of antigens of IVP pathogens leads to the chronization of the inflammatory process in the urogenital tract, to scarring of tissues, which can play an important role in the development of infertility and termination of pregnancy in women of reproductive age.

Development and study of nutrient media for determining the biological properties of Listeria.

The commercial nutrient media for investigation of the biologic properties of L. monocytogenes is developed. The efficiency of the use of developed media for determination of motility and lecithinase activity of Listeria in the establishment of the isolated culture to the pathogenic species is shown. These nutrient media are developed for visually accurate registration of the motility and lecithinase activity of Listeria when identifying the isolated cultures improving the diagnostics of listeriosis.

[Monitoring of microbiological and immunological disorders in urogenital chlamydiosis in people of reproductive age.]

The identification and analysis of microbiological and immunological disorders in urogenital chlamydiosis of mixed etiology plays an important role in understanding the pathogenesis of the development of the chronic course of the disease with severe complications (infertility, miscarriage). Along with classical microbiological studies (isolating and studying the properties of the microbiota in mixed infections), the role of antigens of all participants of the infectious process (bacteria, viruses, fungi) in the occurrence of adequate immunological reactions (the level of interferon, γ-interferon) as indicators of the immune response.

[Effects of bilateral deep brain stimulation in the subthalamic nucleus using two methods of target structure verification]. / Dinamika motornykh simptomov bolezni Parkinsona na fone khronicheskoi dvustoronnei élektrostimuliatsii subtalamicheskogo iadra s ispol'zovaniem dvukh metodik verifikatsii struktury misheni.

AIM: To evaluate the efficacy of deep brain stimulation in the subthalamic nucleus (DBS STN) in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) using different methods of targeting according to the dynamics of motor symptoms of PD. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study involved 90 patients treated with DBS STN. In 30 cases intraoperative microelectrode recording (MER) was used. MER was not performed in 30 patients of the comparison group. The control group consisted of 30 patients with PD who received conservative treatment. Hoehn and Yahr scale, Tinetti Balance and Mobility Scale (TBMS), Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS), Parkinson's Disease Quality of Life-39 Scoring System (РDQ-39), Schwab & England ADL Scale were used. Levodopa equivalent daily dose (LEDD, 2010) was calculated for each patient. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The effect of DBS STN using intraoperative microelectrode recording on the main motor symptoms, motor complications, walking as well as indicators of quality of life and daily activities was shown. In both DBS STN groups, there was a significant reduction in the LEDD and marked improvement of the control of motor symptoms of PD. A significant reduction in the severity of motor fluctuations (50%) and drug-induced dyskinesia (51%) was observed. Quality of life and daily activity in off-medication condition were significantly improved in both DBS STN groups of patients, irrespective of the method of target planning (75-100%), compared with the control group.

[Syndrome dopamine dysregulation and deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus in Parkinson's disease]. / Sindrom dofaminovoi dizreguliatsii i khronicheskaia stimuliatsiia subtalamicheskogo iadra pri bolezni Parkinsona.

AIM: Dopamine dysregulation syndrome (DDS) is a complication of the dopaminergic therapy in Parkinson's disease (PD); it is manifested as a compulsive medication use and may have negative impact on patients' social, psychological, and physical functioning. An effect of deep brain stimulation in the subthalamic nucleus (DBS STN) on DDS is not fully understood. Therefore, the degree of DDS during DBS STN in PD patients was evaluated in the study. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The main group included 15 patients with DDS symptoms in the preoperative period. The comparison group consisted of 15 patients without DDS symptoms and the control group consisted of 15 patients who did not undergo surgery. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The severity of motor disturbances in the surgery groups has decreased significantly (by 45%). Motor complications during DBS STN in patients with DDS have decreased by 50%; a decrease in the reduction of doses of dopaminergic preparations was noted as well.

[THE SPECTRUM AND ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE OF AGENTS OF NOSOCOMIAL INFECTION OF OPERATION WOUNDS AND ORGANS OF URINARY EXCRETION SYSTEM IN SURGERY PATIENTS].

In risk group of development of nosocomial infections related to medical care provision, prevailed weakened patients after various surgical interferences and cauterization. The nosocomial infections related to medical care provision develop up to 20% of patients of surgical profile (infections of soft tissues - 9.5%, intra-abdominal infections - 22% and infections of urinary tracts - 4.8%). The Gram-negative bacilli Enerobacteriaceae and Gram-negative nonfermenters.

[The evaluation of diagnostic effectiveness of algorithm of isolation and express identification of opportunistic enterobacteria using national chromogenic growth mediums].

The testing of specificity and diagnostic effectiveness was applied to new national chromogenic growth mediums. The algorithm was developed to isolate and express identify the clinically significant and sanitary demonstrative opportunistic enterobacteria using chromogenic growth mediums.

[The specific compound and biological characteristics of agents of nosocomial pneumonia isolated in hospital surgery departments of Makhachkala].

The nosocomial pneumonia is the most prevailing form of hospital-acquired infection. It is the leading cause of mortality among all forms of hospital-acquired infections. In the departments of resuscitation and intensive therapy nosocomial pneumonia consists more than 25% of all hospital-acquired infections. The analysis of lavages of various components of apparatuses of artificial pulmonary ventilation in the departments of resuscitation and intensive therapy of surgery hospital departments demonstrated that gram-negative micro-flora inoculated more often (72.0%). During last years, this type of micro-flora plays leading part in development of severe forms of nosocomial pneumonia. The gram-negative bacteria consisted up to 38/8% of all isolated cultures. The similar micro-flora was isolated and from tracheobronchial lavages and it confirms the possibility of infection spreading by anesthetic breathing equipment.

[Antibiotic resistance of P. aeruginosa strains isolated from intensive care unit patients at the Makhachkala Traumatology Center].

Nosocomial infection is most commonly registered in the traumatology and surgery units, primarily in the intensive care unit (ICU) that is considered to be an increased risk unit owing to a large number of performed manipulations and the extensive empirical use of antibiotics. In ICU patients with nosocomial pneumonias at the Traumatology Center, nonfermentative gram-negative bacteria were isolated more frequently (51%), including P. aeruginosa (35.1%), from both patients' pathological material and environmental objects. All the cultures had typical properties; the majority of isolates belonged to serovar 02. P. aeruginosa strains were found to be polyresistant to test antibiotics.

[Microbiological study of sanitary feature of Perinatal Center of Makhachkala City].

AIM: Evaluation of bacterial contamination of six hospital environment of Perinatal Center of Makhachkala as part of epidemiologic surveillance for nosocomial infections. MATERIALS AND METHODS: One hundred twenty-eight air samples from different hospital units and 344 swabs from hospital equipment, instruments, and inventory were tested. Dry nutrient media manufactured by Scientific Manufacturing Organization "Pitatelnye Sredy" were used for isolation and identification of microorganisms. Species of microorganisms was determined on the basis of complex of tinctorial, morphological, biochemical, and serologic tests. RESULTS: Significant species diversity of opportunistic microorganisms was established. Cultures of Staphylococcus epidermidis (46; 18.5%) and Staphylococcus saprophyticus (44; 17.7%) were significantly more frequently isolated from swabs from environment. CONCLUSION: Microbiological monitoring of sanitary conditions of perinatal center assists sanitary-epidemiologic control for circulation of microorganisms--potential agents of nosocomial infections.

[Domestic chromogenic nutrient medium for differentiation of Klebsiella].

Studies to design a dry chromogenic nutrient medium for the diferentiation of Klebsiella were under way, by detecting the intracellular Klebsiella genus-specific enzyme of human potential pathogenicity--5-aminosalicylate decarboxylase. The composition of the proposed medium that ensured its high sensitivity and improved its differentiating properties as compared with the known traditional media was worked through. Klebsiella are isolated and identified on the proposed medium in one step, which substantially reduces diagnosis time and material costs and takes some burden from microbiologists.

[Growth media for isolation, accumulation, and identification of Listeria in laboratory diagnostics of mix-infections in women with obstetric-gynecological pathology].

Isolation of Lysteria monocytogenes from clinical specimens in obstetric-gynecological pathology is often difficult owing to the presence of the mixed microbial flora. Results of study of new Russian growth media for isolation of Listeria for microbiological diagnostics of listeriosis in pregnancy are presented. They show diagnostic efficacy of the developed media for laboratory diagnostics of mix-infections in women with obstetric-gynecological pathology.

[Multiple antibiotic resistance of associative microflora during urogenital pathology].

Susceptibility of associative microflora isolated from patients with inflammatory diseases of urogenital tract was investigated. Etiologic structure of the diseases and cross-resistance to antibiotics of Escherichia coli, Staphylococcusaureus, and Klebsiella pneumoniae strains isolated from women with endocervicitis and men with urethritiswas assessed. Ciprofloxacin and gentamycin had the highest activity, whereas beta-lactam antibiotics were mildly active. Isolated strainswere resistant to macrolides, penicillines and imipenem. Main types of multidrug resistance to antibiotics were presented in strains circulated in Dagestan.

[Biological characteristics of Listeria cultivating on the novel media for their accumulation and isolation].

Biological characteristics of isolated strains of listeria cultivating on growth media developed for accumulation and isolation of these microorganisms. Stability of main cultural-morphologic characteristics, pathogenic enzyme synthesis, profile of plasmid DNA and specific bacteriophage lysing of listeria during their cultivation on novel media was shown.

[Culture media for study of biologic characteristics of Listeria].

The commercial nutrient media for study of biologic properties of Listeria monocytogenes were developed. The efficacy of developed media for assessing of motility and lecithinase activity of listeria during establishment of the isolated strain was shown. Developed media allow clear visual registration of mobility and lecithinase activity of listeria during identification of the isolated strains thereby improving the diagnostics of listeriosis.

[Development and diagnostic value evaluation of a nutrient medium for the yield and isolation of hemoculture].

The effectiveness of the bacteriological study of the blood depends in many aspects on the quality of nutrient media. The currently approved nutrient media for the isolation and yield of hemocultures have low isolation rates and require prolonged time for the isolation of causative agents. A two-phase nutrient medium for the yield and isolation of hemoculture has been developed. This medium has been found to have advantages over the control "double medium" in sensitivity, yield effect, growth rate and isolation rate with respect to the causative agents of bacteriemia and sepsis. The medium is standard and ready for use. The above-mentioned advantages of the medium increase the quality of the bacteriological diagnosis of bacteriemia and sepsis.

[Nutrient media for the isolation and accumulation of Listeria]. / Pitatel'nye sredy dlia vydeleniia i nakopleniia listerii.

Dried culture media for the isolation and accumulation of Listeria from pathological material and foodstuffs have been developed. The media are suitable for use in bacteriological and sanitary-hygienic practice. The optimum nutrient base has been selected: dried broth (from sprat hydrolysate), produced by the Research and Manufacturing Amalgamation "Culture Media". The optimum concentrations of ingredients, stimulating the growth of Listeria and inhibiting the growth of associated microbes, have been experimentally established. The samples of died accumulation and isolation culture media ensuring the growth of L. monocytogenes, diluted 10(-6), after 24-hour incubation at 37 degrees C have been obtained. The possibility of using these media for the bacteriological diagnosis of listeriosis in pregnant women has been demonstrated.

[Dried nutrient media for the cultivation of pneumococcus and meningococcus]. / Sukhie pitatel'nye sredy dlia kul'tivirovaniia pnevmokokkov i meningokokkov.

Dried synthetic nutrient medium for the cultivation of meningococci and the accumulation of their biomass has been developed. The kinetics of the culture growth, changes in pH and in the content of dissolved oxygen in the medium during prolonged controlled processes of the cultivation of meningococci in a bioreactor with the use of this medium have been studied. The stable physico-chemical properties and composition of the polysaccharide-protein complex isolated from the biomass of meningococci grown in the above-mentioned medium have made it possible to use it for the preparation of the samples of group B meningococcal vaccine. In addition, dried semi-synthetic nutrient medium for the accumulation of pneumococci without the necessity of introducing blood or serum into the medium has been developed. As regards its biological properties, this newly developed medium make it not inferior to meat media, containing blood or serum, and ensures good yield of biomass.