Covariate Health Determinants of Suicidal Ideation, Suicide Plans, and Suicide Attempts Among African American Males With and Without Major Depressive Episode.

This study aimed to examine risk of suicidal ideation, suicide plans, and suicide attempts among African American males with and without major depressive episodes while adjusting for covariates of age, education, and income. Data from the 2018 National Survey on Drug Use and Health were extracted and analyzed. We found data for 2,301 adult African American men with and without major depressive episodes, representing a population size of 13,210,069.53 in the United States. African American men with major depressive episodes were at higher risk for suicidal ideation and suicide planning than their counterparts without a major depressive episode. However, the two groups with and without major depressive episodes had equal risk chances for suicide attempts. A closer examination of suicide covariate variables among African American men with and without a major depressive episode furnishes critical distinctions between the two populations. This subtle distinction can facilitate more responsive, tailored suicide-prevention strategies for the male African American population, especially among the at-risk male adults in this group with major depressive episodes.HighlightsMajor depressive episodes significantly predicted suicidal ideation and suicide plans among African American males.After adjustment for covariates, African American males with major depressive episodes had a higher risk of suicidal ideation and suicide plans than their counterparts without a major depressive episode.After adjustment for covariates, the risk of suicide attempts remained equal among African American males.

Logistic Regression Model of Demographic Predictors and Confounders of Binge Alcohol Use Among Adults with Major Depression.

Identifying sociodemographic populations with a major depressive episode (MDE) who are at increased risk for binge alcohol use (BAU) is critical for developing focused prevention programs to meet the needs of each population. Thus, the goal of the current exploratory retrospective study is to examine if sex, race, age, education, marital status, and income can significantly predict the risk for BAU among adults with MDE and if the association between MDE and BAU changes after adjusting for demographic variables in question while holding sex, race, and age as constant variables. Data from the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration's 2018 National Survey for Drug Use and Health were extracted and analyzed to achieve the study goal. The unweighted sample included 6,999 adults representing a weighted population size of 33,900,452.122 in the USA. Results revealed that age and marital status significantly predicted BAU in the past month among adults with MDE. Adults under the age of 50, with a college degree, never married, divorced/separated, and with a high-middle income level or higher were at higher risk for BAU. The study's clinical implications are that understanding demographics of individuals with MDE at increased risk for BAU can inform improved tailored assessment and treatment of alcohol abuse and MDE among at-risk populations. Future research should consider examining additional potential risk factors for BAU among adults with MDE.

National Prevalence Rates of Suicidal Ideation and Suicide Attempts Among Adults With and Without Depression.

ABSTRACT: Using the 2018 National Survey on Drug Use and Health, this study examined the US national prevalence rates of suicidal ideation (SI) and suicide attempts (SA) among four demographic adult groups (race-sex, age, education, and marital status) with and without major depressive episode (MDE). The highest prevalence rates of SI for those with and without MDE occurred among adults 18 to 25 years, with some college education, White females and males, and unmarried and never been married. Among the same demographic groups, proportions of SA were also the highest for those with MDE. A Pearson chi-square test confirmed significant associations between MDE and SI and between MDE and SA. The model fit results showed that the four variables were significant predictors of SI and SA (p < 0.05). Serious mental health needs are unmet, especially among adults with depression. Population-based clinical interventions are needed to reduce rates of depression, SI, and SA.

Predictors and Confounders of Suicidal Ideation and Suicide Attempts among Adults with and without Depression.

This research aims to explore whether sex, race, age, education, and marital status can significantly predict suicide ideation (SI) and suicidal attempts (SA) among adults with and without MDE; and to examine whether the association between MDE, SI, and SA changes after adjusting for age, education, and marital status as confounding factors while keeping race-sex as a constant variable. To reach this goal, data from the 2018 National Survey on Drug Use and Health were extracted and analyzed, producing 42,551 records. Study results show that among adults with MDE, adults <50 years old, adults without a college degree, never married, divorced/separated, and White males were at increased risk for SI. Among adults without MDE, adults<50, with some college education, never married, or divorced/separated were more likely to experience SI. Black males were at increased risk for SA, whether they had MDE or not. There is a diverse at-risk population for SI and SA among adults with and without MDE. Special attention should be paid to Black males.

Disparities in Health Coverage Across Gender and Marital Status among Discharged Psychiatric Patients.

The goal of this study was to examine the demographics sex and marital status of inpatients with schizophrenia and bipolar and compare differences in patients' chances of possessing adequate health coverage to cover hospital expenses. Data from the National Hospital Discharge Survey was extracted and analyzed. For hospital discharges of patients age 18 and older 702,626 hospital discharges were included in the study representing a weighted population of 77,082,738 hospital discharges. Prediction model was applied to test the ability of the independent variables sex and marital status to predict differences in health coverage in multinomial logistic regression (MLR) test. Results indicate that sex and marital status were significant predictors of health coverage type that patient owned. Male, unmarried and with unknown marital status patients were more likely to be either uninsured or publicly insured. Public health policy legislation efforts need to address public-health-insurance provisions that limit the coverage of treatment for psychiatric patients.

Exploring Relationships between Body Appreciation and Self-Reported Physical Health among Young Women.

Body image, a multidimensional construct, affects women in myriad ways. Existing scholarship has established a relationship between body image and negative mental and sexual health outcomes and suggests that it may also be related to physical health outcomes. The purpose of the study reported in this article was to explore relationships between body appreciation, a multidimensional measure of body image, and self-perceived physical health among a sample of emerging adult women (N = 399). In this sample, body appreciation was positively and significantly related to self-perceived physical health. This study contributes to a growing body of literature on the consequences of body image among women and can be used to inform interventions aimed at improving the well-being of women.