[EXPERIMENTAL GROUNDS ON POSSIBILITY TO MAKE AND TO USE PREDICTION MODELS OF PESTICIDES DESIGN STANDARD IN THE WATER OF PONDS USED FOR HOUSEHOLD AND DRINKING WATER SUPPLY].

Taking into account the fact that current calculation methods for substantiation of standards in the water of water reservoirs valid in Ukraine are outdated the aim of our research was to scientifically substantiate the possibility to make and to use prediction models of pesticides design standard in the water of ponds used for household and drinking water supply. Array of experimentally substantiated and approved to use in Ukraine maximum allowable concentrations (MAC) of organic pesticides active ingredients in the water was analyzed (n = 201). Analysis of dependence between MAC value of pesticides in the water and its physical and chemical properties, indices of ecotoxicological hazard and persistency in the water was carried out using correlation and regression analysis methods. Twelve regression equations to establish design value of pesticides MAC in the water were proposed on the grounds of performed analysis. The results of reliability testing of proposed procedure on pesticides design tentatively allowable levels (TAL) in the water indicate on needs to apply the least value of TAL obtained in the process of calculations using proposed equations. It was proved that mathematical models proposed for prediction of pesticide design standard in the water are adequate and significant by Fisher's test (P < 0.05). Proposed algorithm allows considerably simplify procedure of obtaining temporary hygienic standard in the water for new pesticides.

[Biochemical parameters of blood and morpho-functional state of the liver of experimental animals by the actions of lead sulfide nanoparticles in different time study].

Biochemical studies revealed that alanine aminotransferase levels changing first during short action (30 injections) of lead sulfide nanoparticles of size 10 and 30 nm, and the ionic form of a 400 nm lead while the growth of both enzymes (aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase) activity during long-term exposure (60 injections) is the same intensity. It it confirmed by the value of de Ritis coefficient, which is statistically the same as control. Morphological studies also confirm these data--degenerative changes of hepatocytes, reactive changes of the stroma and vascular responses were detected. It is shown that the severity of metabolic and morphological damages in the liver increased with prolonging the duration of lead nanoparticles intake.

[Comparative hygienic assessment of potential risk to workers under application of fungicides of different classes].

The comparative hygienic evaluation of working conditions in various application technologies of triazole fungicides (tebuconazole, dyfenoconazole, penconazole) strobilurine fungicides (azoxystrobin, pyraclostrobin, trifloxystrobin), ethylene-bis-dytiocarbamate fungicides (metiram, mancozeb), cianopyrrole fungicide (fludioxonil), anilide fungicides (benalaxyl-M, boscalid), anilinopirymidyne fungicides (cyprodynil, valifenal, pirymetanil). Potential complex risk of possible harmful effects of the investigated compounds on workers by inhalation and percutaneous admission, as well as a comparative analysis of received values was assessed. Determination of active substances in the samples was carried out by gas-liquid and high performance liquid chromatography. In the air of the working area were found triazoles 0.005-0.01 mg/m3, ethylene-bis-dytiokarbamates--0.01-0.02 mg/m3 at fan plants processing, anilinopirymidynes--0.19 mg/m3 at backpack plants processing. Listed values do not exceed the established hygienic standards in the air of the working area. Steam plants processing had not accompanied by the arrival of investigated compounds in the air of the working area. For all the studied crops processing technologies magnitude of the potential risk of possible harmful effects of study classes fungicides influence at the complex admission does not exceed the permissible level (was less than 1). Comparative analysis of complex risks for workers allowed to distribute fungicides according this criterion in the following order: cianopyrrole < strobilurynes < triazoles < anilides < anilinopirymidynes < ethylene-bis-dytiokarbamates.

[Cumulative risk assessment for consumers of agricultural crops polluted with one chemical class pesticide residues (case of triazole fungicides)].

Different indices of cumulative risk assessment of combination of residues of pesticides which may simultaneously be present in raw agricultural crops, based on toxic evaluation of such combination have been presented. Risk for population health due to consumption of raw agricultural crops with triazole residues is acceptable on hazard index, point of departure index and cumulative risk index, exceeds allowable level on criterion "total margin of exposure".

[Experience gained with the training of interns-hygienists and its use in creating the structure of an integrated licensing examination "Step 3 - Sanitary-Hygienist Work"]. / Dosvid pidhotovky likariv-interniv hihiienichnoho profiliu ta ioho vykorystannia pry stvorenni struktury intehrovanoho litsenziinoho ispytu "Krok 3--sanitarno-hihiienichna sprava."

The experience gained with the training of interns-hygienists at the National Medical University has proved its value, contributing to which fact were modern material-and-technical resources, close cooperation of chairs of hygiene with sanitary epidemiologic stations and scientific-research institutes, highly skilled scientific and teaching personnel, systematic sharing of experience gained in training of specialists with institutions of higher learning of Ukraine. However, interns, Masters, practitioners are still in great need of modern educational literature/training aids. There has not yet been developed a general concept of structure of sanitary epidemiological service of Ukraine, forms and methods of its work under present-day conditions. Publication of joint educational literature and textbooks of methodics to complete training of physicians-hygienists, Masters in hygiene and epidemiology, introduction of an integrated licensed examination "Step 3--Sanitarno-Gigiyenicheskoye Delo" (sanitation-and-hygiene-related work) will, we believe, help in solving the above problems.

[Role of trace elements in the development of chronic ischemic heart disease]. / Rol' mikroélementov v razvitii khronicheskoi ishemicheskoi bolezni serdtsa.

It was shown that determination of erythrocyte superoxide dismutase activity proves to be the adequate test of antioxidant protection under chronic coronary heart disease as well as the reliable laboratory test for the control of the effect of prophylactic ultra-violet radiation.

[Metabolism in experimental chronic ischemic heart disease]. / Osobennosti metabolizma pri khronicheskoi ischemicheskoi bolezni serdtsa v éksperimente.

An increase in frequency of heart contractions, changes in the bioelectrical heart activity and decrease of the force-pump heart function are observed in the rabbits with model chronic ischemic heart disease lipid metabolism in significantly changed the concentration of cholesterol in the right ventricle myocardium as well as the concentrations of unsaturated lipid acids in the heart tissues increase, while the content of saturated lipid acids and antioxidant activity of plasma decrease. Bioenergetic processes change as follows: succinate-dehydrogenase and alpha-keto-glutarate-dehydrogenase activity decrease, while the concentrations of glycogen, lactic and pyruvic acids and lactate dehydrogenase activity in the heart tissues increase.

[The relation between oxidative processes and the glycogen content in the heart and liver of rabbits with chronic ischemic heart disease]. / Sviaz' mezhdu okislitel'nymi protsessami i soderzhaniem glikogena v serdtse i pecheni krolikov pri khronicheskoi ishemicheskoi bolezni serdtsa.

While laboratory experimental model of coronary heart disease (according to Frol'kis et al.) is developed, activity of succinate dehydrogenase, alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase, Na+, Ka(+)- and Mg2+ ATPase decreases, but activity of lactate dehydrogenase and concentrations of lactic and pyruvic acids in the heart tissue increase. At the same time concentration of glycogene increases more than twice. As far as we can see there is an evidence of a decrease of glycogene utilization due to change in levels of regulatory processes. Despite a decrease of ATP synthesis by the inhibition of tricarboxylic acid cycle the ATP:ADP relation reduces to ATP, as emphatic inhibition of ATPase in the heart tissues takes place in development of the model of the coronary heart disease. The relation between ATP and ADP is considered as a regulator of glycogene utilization. In the liver tissue activity of succinate dehydrogenase, alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase, Na+, K(+)- and Mg2+ ATPase falls, while concentrations of lactic acid grow. No accumulation of glycogen is observed. It is obvious that there are controversial metabolic processes. Experimental data are discussed.

[The effect of ultraviolet irradiation on the cesium-137 and strontium-90 levels in the body of laboratory animals]. / Vliianie ul'trafioletovogo oblucheniia na soderzhanie tseziia-137 i strontsiia-90 v organizme laboratornykh zhivotnykh.

A 10-day course of ultraviolet radiation (intensity: 1/8-2 biodoses daily) did not favour accumulation of cesium-137 in the body but produced some effect on the accumulation of strontium-90. In the real radiation condition in the city of Kiev the daily prophylactic 1/8 biodose may be considered as absolutely safe.

[Effect of ultraviolet irradiation on calcium, sodium and potassium levels in albino rats]. / Vliianie ul'trafioletovogo oblucheniia na soderzhanie kal'tsiia, natriia i kaliia v organizme belykh krys.

Data presented by the authors testifies to the fact that neither 2 weeks, nor one month after the 10-day course of ultraviolet irradiation (UVR) with an intensity from 1/4 up to 2 biodoses daily changes in calcium, sodium and potassium content in blood serum of laboratory animals (white rats) were detected. At the same time, 2 weeks following the cessation of UVR course a tendency towards calcium accumulation in the whole organism of laboratory animals was observed, which was most noticeable+ after daily 10-day exposure to UVR with an intensity from 1/2 up to 1 biodose. The tendency was still present one month following the termination of UVR course. The total sodium and potassium store in the whole organism of laboratory animals did not practically change either immediately, or 2 weeks, or 1 month after the termination of 10-day UVR course with the intensity from 1/4 to 2 biodoses daily.