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1.
Afr Health Sci ; 19(2): 1866-1874, 2019 Jun.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31656469

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Prior studies on Hysterosalpingography (HSG) have shown that pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) related tubal adhesions accounted for 30 - 50% of female infertility, with as high as 80% reported in some studies. With improved access to contraceptives, antibiotics and promotion of safe practices, the abnormal findings in HSG may have reduced or altered. OBJECTIVE: To document the imaging findings in the HSG of participants and to compare current findings with prior studies done nationally and internationally. METHOD: A retrospective evaluation of 974 HSGs done at the tertiary diagnostic center over a 7-year period was conducted and analyzed using diagnostic accuracy tables. RESULTS: Tubal pathologies were the most common abnormality in this study, (35.1% of the cases), comprising tubal blockage and hydrosalpinges; followed by uterine masses seen in 223 (22.9%) of the clients. Tubal occlusion was higher in clients with multiple abnormal findings; while normal sized and large uterine cavities had a higher percentage of bilateral tubal patency. CONCLUSION: Tubal factors remain the most common abnormality seen in the HSGs of infertile women in this study, though with lower prevalence compared with prior older studies. Forty seven (47%) of the cases of female factor infertility had normal HSGs with bilateral tubal patency.


Subject(s)
Fallopian Tube Diseases/diagnostic imaging , Fallopian Tubes/diagnostic imaging , Hysterosalpingography/methods , Infertility, Female/diagnostic imaging , Uterus/diagnostic imaging , Adolescent , Adult , Age Distribution , Fallopian Tube Diseases/complications , Fallopian Tube Diseases/epidemiology , Female , Humans , Infertility, Female/epidemiology , Infertility, Female/etiology , Retrospective Studies , Socioeconomic Factors , Young Adult
2.
Ghana Med J ; 51(1): 6-12, 2017 Mar.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28959066

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Breast cancer is the commonest female cancer in Nigeria. Despite its increased awareness, affordability of available screening tools is a bane. Mammography, the goal standard for screening is costly and not widely available in terms of infrastructure, technical/personnel capabilities. Ultrasound is accessible and affordable. OBJECTIVES: This study compared the use of ultrasound and mammography as breast cancer screening tools in women in South West Nigeria by characterizing and comparing the prevalent breast parenchyma, breast cancer features and the independent sensitivity of ultrasound and mammography. METHODS: This cross sectional comparative descriptive study used both ultrasound and mammography as screening tools in 300 consenting women aged 30 to 60 years who attended a free breast cancer screening campaign in a tertiary hospital in Lagos. Categorical variables were presented in tables and Chi squares for associations P-value set at ± 0.1. RESULTS: Mean age was 41.01 + 6.5years with majority in the 30 - 39 year age group 139 (55%). Fatty (BIRADS A and B) parenchyma predominated {ultrasound 237 (79%); mammography 233 (77.7%)} in all age groups. 7 (2.3%) were confirmed malignant by histology with (6) in the 30-39 age group and (1) in the 40-49 age group. Ultrasound detected all the confirmed cases 7(100%), whereas mammography detected 6 (85%). Sensitivity was higher using ultrasound (100%) than mammography (85.7%). CONCLUSION: Ultrasound can be utilized as a first line of screening especially in remote/rural areas in developing world. FUNDING: Part funding from Run for Cure governmental organization.


Subject(s)
Breast Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Early Detection of Cancer/methods , Mammography , Mass Screening/methods , Ultrasonography , Adult , Breast Neoplasms/pathology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Nigeria , Sensitivity and Specificity , Tertiary Care Centers
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