Correlation between colposcopic impression and histologic diagnosis of premalignant lesions of the cervix

Background: Cervical cancer is the commonest cancer in sub-Saharan African with majority of the women presenting with an advanced disease stage. This is largely due to the unavailability of an established cervical cancer screening programme in most countries. This also includes the use of colposcopy which is still not available to many gynaecologists practicing in Nigeria. Aim: To review reports of colposcopy carried out at the University of Abuja Teaching Hospital, Abuja, Nigeria and to determine the degree of concurrence between colposcopic impression and histologic diagnosis. Methods: A retrospective analysis of the colposcopic findings of 84 patients was done. Subsequent correlation with histopathology report was carried out in 53 patients who had colposcopically directed biopsies between March 2012 and February 2014. Results: The commonest impression made on colposcopy was high grade CIN in 40(47.6%) patients. The concurrence rate between colposcopic findings and histology diagnosis was 64.2% (34/53) {K =0.302, 95%CI= -0.010-0.436}. The concurrence rate was higher for high grade CIN 29/40(72.5%) than for low grade CIN 5/12 (41.7 %). There was an overestimation of colposcopic diagnosis in 13(24.5%) patients and an underestimation in 6(11.3%) patients. The sensitivity of colposcopy for detecting high grade lesions or more was 32/36(88.9%) while the specificity was 8/17(47.1%). False positive rate for high grade lesions was 9/17(52.9%) and false negative rates for low grade lesions was 4/36(11.1%). Positive predictive value (PPV) of high grade colposcopic diagnosis or more was 32/41(78.04%) while the negative predictive value (NPV) was 8/12(66.73%). Conclusion: The strength of agreement between colposcopic diagnosis and cervical pathology was fair and colposcopy performs better in the detection of high grade lesions

Uterine rupture: trends and feto-maternal outcome in a Nigerian teaching hospital.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the trends, predisposing factors, maternal and fetal outcome of cases of uterine rupture managed at the University of Abuja Teaching Hospital. METHOD: A retrospective review of all cases of ruptured uterus managed at the University of Abuja teaching hospital, Gwagwalada, between January 2006 and December 2010 was conducted. RESULT: There were 9604 deliveries in the hospital during the period of review out of which 82 were cases ruptured uterus, giving an overall incidence of 0.85% or 1 in 117 deliveries. They were mainly women of low parity with a mean age of 31.8 years. The commonest predisposing factor was injudicious use of oxytocin occurring in 38.7% of cases and was followed closely by previous caesarean section scar (28.0%). Prolonged obstructed labour was the third commonest cause of uterine rupture (18.7%) and occurred only in the unbooked patients. There were 11 maternal deaths which gave a maternal case fatality rate of 14.7%. All the deaths occurred in women who had intrapartum care in places other than the teaching hospital. There were 68 perinatal deaths which gave a fetal case fatality rate of 90.7% and all the babies that survived were in patients that had intrapartum care in the teaching hospital. CONCLUSION: Ruptured uterus is a common obstetric emergency in Nigeria's Federal Capital territory and is associated with high maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. It is however preventable when the quality of antenatal care, intrapartum care and medical facilities are improved.