ABSTRACT
Although the risks of medication poisoning in children are often reported, there is a lack of studies addressing this issue. The majority of papers deal with a wide range of xenobiotics poisoning and, in particular, alcohol intoxications. All hospital admissions during three years were prospectively recorded. Patients younger than 19 years of age admitted for acute drug intoxications were further evaluated. A total of 15,069 children were admitted. Of them, 55 were hospitalized for acute medication poisoning. The condition was more common in girls (72.7 % vs. 27.3 %, p<0.01). Toddlers were the largest patient group (36.4 %). Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) were the most frequently used agents, with ibuprofen being the leading drug (20 % of all cases). The route of intoxication was almost exclusively oral. Solid drug forms were involved in 40 (72.7 %) cases. There was one fatal accidental poisoning. The highest occurrence of accidental drug intoxications was in the age group from one to three years. Attempted suicides were most frequent among adolescents. We are currently actively dealing with the issue. The cohort has been expanded to include a period of ten years and is being analyzed.
Subject(s)
Hospitalization/statistics & numerical data , Poisoning/epidemiology , Adolescent , Child , Child, Preschool , Drug Misuse/adverse effects , Drug Misuse/statistics & numerical data , Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions/epidemiology , Female , Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Male , Prescription Drugs/poisoning , Prospective Studies , Suicide, Attempted/statistics & numerical dataABSTRACT
The target of this study was to compare the results of breath analysers and "lege artis" laboratory blood examinations when determining alcohol levels. This was then used to determine whether any differences exist between the two methods, and how large these differences are. 610 cases from 11 workplaces in the Czech Republic and Slovakia were analysed. The type of breath analyser was not taken into consideration. All cases had to be in the elimination phase. Difference of time between breath test and blood test were rectified through the use of reverse recomputation. It was detected that only 20.8% of the results of respiratory analyser tests correspond to the detected real alcohol level in blood. The maximum difference when a respiratory analyser measured more than a blood test was 1.34 g x kg(-1). and the maximum difference when the analyse measured less was 1.86 g x kg(-1).
Subject(s)
Breath Tests , Ethanol/blood , Breath Tests/instrumentation , Breath Tests/methods , Czech Republic , Humans , SlovakiaABSTRACT
The cytotoxicity of 32 colchicinoids in isolated rat hepatocytes was studied. Their effect was examined by biochemical parameters-lactate dehydrogenase, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, lipid peroxidation and by changes in reduced glutathione level. Only compounds with methylsulfonyl group at C-10 were significantly hepatotoxic.
Subject(s)
Colchicine/pharmacology , Liver/drug effects , Animals , Cells, Cultured , Colchicine/analogs & derivatives , Colchicine/toxicity , Liver/metabolism , Rats , Rats, WistarABSTRACT
In clinical and experimental conditions, a biochemical equipment and a histological image of a fresh embryonic nervous tissue and a tissue conserved by deep freezing for transplantation purposes were examined. By repeated examination of neurotransmitters, the contents of dopamine and serotonin were found unchanged by freezing. In a human embryo, serotonin predominates over dopamine, while in chicken embryos, used for xeno-transplantations, it is vice versa. As for the microscopic structure of nervous tissue, no influence of kryopreservation for 4 to 14 days was found.
