ABSTRACT
This study aimed to investigate the activity of the antioxidant enzyme superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the three main cell types in chronic myeloproliferative disorders (CMPD) patients, i.e. polymorphonuclear leucocytes (PMNLs), erythrocytes and thrombocytes, prior to therapy. Patients with reactive neutrophilia (RN) and healthy volunteers were included as controls. The SOD activity of PMNLs was significantly decreased in CMPD and RN patients compared with healthy volunteers, whereas the SOD activity of erythrocytes was found to be significantly increased in patients with CMPD and RN compared with healthy volunteers. There were no significant differences in the SOD activity of thrombocytes between CMPD patients, RN patients or healthy volunteers. This study indicates that the activity of the SOD enzyme in two cell types is different in CMPD patients compared with healthy subjects. Thus, SOD activity may be altered dependent on cell type and due to specific cell function.
Subject(s)
Blood Platelets/enzymology , Erythrocytes/enzymology , Myeloproliferative Disorders/enzymology , Neutrophils/enzymology , Neutrophils/immunology , Superoxide Dismutase/metabolism , Adult , Aged , Antioxidants/metabolism , Blood Platelets/pathology , Case-Control Studies , Chronic Disease , Erythrocytes/pathology , Female , Free Radicals/metabolism , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Myeloproliferative Disorders/pathology , Neutrophils/pathology , SpectrophotometryABSTRACT
1. The effect of glyburide (glibenclamide) treatment on the liver glycogen levels of diabetic rats have been studied. 2. 3 weeks treatment with glyburide (5 mg/kg, orally) increased liver glycogen and decreased blood glucose levels. 3. The results of this study demonstrated that the sulfonylurea, glyburide is capable of exerting direct insulin-like effects on liver glycogen values in vivo.
Subject(s)
Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/drug therapy , Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/metabolism , Glyburide/pharmacology , Liver Glycogen/biosynthesis , Liver/drug effects , Liver/metabolism , Animals , Body Weight/drug effects , Female , RatsABSTRACT
1. The effect of glyburide (glibenclamide) treatment in vivo on the adipose tissue glycogen synthase activity of type II diabetic rats has been studied. 2. Three week treatment of diabetic animals with glyburide (5 mg/kg orally, in saline) increased adipose glycogen synthase activity and decreased blood glucose levels. 3. These results demonstrate that the sulfonylurea glyburide is capable of exerting direct insulin-like effect on adipose glycogen-synthase activity of type II diabetic rats in vivo.
Subject(s)
Adipose Tissue/enzymology , Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/enzymology , Glyburide/pharmacology , Glycogen Synthase/metabolism , Alloxan , Animals , Blood Glucose/metabolism , Female , RatsABSTRACT
1. The effect of glyburide treatment on glutathione peroxidase activity and glutathione levels of non-insulin diabetic rats has been studied. 2. Hepatic glutathione and glutathione peroxidase concentrations were significantly reduced in diabetic animals. 3. Glyburide treatment of diabetic rats for 4 weeks corrected the changes on the glutathione levels observed in diabetic liver. 4. High blood glucose levels of untreated diabetic rats were decreased following glyburide treatment as well. 5. Administration of glyburide to diabetic rats reversed the diabetes-induced changes suggesting that glyburide may directly increase liver glutathione concentrations.
Subject(s)
Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/metabolism , Glutathione Peroxidase/metabolism , Glutathione/analysis , Glyburide/pharmacology , Liver/metabolism , Alloxan , Animals , Female , Liver/drug effects , RatsABSTRACT
1. The effect of erythropoietin and some trace elements on superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity of dialysis patients have been studied. 2. SOD activity of dialysis patients was found to be decreased. 3. The effect of erythropoietin on SOD activity was not found in vitro. 4. Plasma and erythrocyte aluminum increased in dialysis patients, but no significant change in plasma copper was found. 5. Plasma zinc levels of dialysis patients were found to be decreased. 6. These results suggest that inhibition of erythrocyte SOD activity of dialysis patients may contribute to their anemia.
Subject(s)
Erythrocytes/enzymology , Metals/blood , Renal Dialysis , Superoxide Dismutase/blood , Adult , Aluminum/blood , Anemia/blood , Anemia/enzymology , Copper/blood , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Erythropoietin/pharmacology , Female , Humans , Male , Uremia/blood , Uremia/enzymology , Zinc/bloodABSTRACT
In the present study we administrated glyburide (glibenclamide) to type 2 (NIDDM) diabetic rats and determined the effect of such treatment on liver superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity. Hepatic SOD activity was significantly reduced in diabetic animals. Glyburide treatment of diabetic rats for 4 weeks corrected the changes observed in diabetic liver. In addition, blood glucose levels of untreated diabetic rats decreased following glyburide treatment. Administration of glyburide to diabetic rats reversed the diabetes-induced changes, suggesting that glyburide may directly increase liver SOD enzyme activity.
