Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Show: 20 | 50 | 100
Results 1 - 13 de 13
Filter
1.
Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis ; 19: 1547-1559, 2024.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38979101

ABSTRACT

Purpose: This study aimed to reveal the association between the osteoporosis self-assessment tool for Asians (OSTA) and airflow limitation (AL) in post-menopausal Japanese women. Participants and Methods: This cross-sectional study included 1580 participants undergoing a comprehensive health examination using spirometry and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. The OSTA was calculated by subtracting the age in years from the body weight (BW) in kilograms, and the result was multiplied by 0.2. The OSTA risk level was defined as low (>-1), moderate (-4 to -1), or high (<-4). AL was defined as forced expiratory volume in 1 s/forced vital capacity (FEV1/FVC) <0.7. The association between the OSTA and AL was assessed using logistic regression analysis. Results: The prevalence of AL was significantly higher in the high OSTA group (15.3%) than in the low OSTA group (3.1%) (p<0.001). In multiple linear regression analysis, the OSTA was independently associated with FEV1/FVC. In logistic regression models adjusted for smoking status, alcohol consumption, current use of medication for diabetes, hyperglycemia, rheumatoid arthritis, second-hand smoke, and ovary removal showed a significantly higher risk of AL (odds ratio: 5.48; 95% confidence interval: 2.90-10.37; p<0.001) in participants with OSTA high risk than in those with OSTA low risk. Conclusion: These results suggest that the OSTA high risk indicates reduced BMD at the femoral neck and presence of AL in Japanese post-menopausal women aged ≥45 years.


Subject(s)
Absorptiometry, Photon , Asian People , Lung , Postmenopause , Spirometry , Humans , Female , Cross-Sectional Studies , Middle Aged , Japan/epidemiology , Aged , Forced Expiratory Volume , Risk Factors , Vital Capacity , Prevalence , Lung/physiopathology , Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal/physiopathology , Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal/ethnology , Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal/diagnosis , Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal/epidemiology , Predictive Value of Tests , Logistic Models , Risk Assessment , Bone Density , Linear Models , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/physiopathology , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/diagnosis , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/ethnology , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/epidemiology , Diagnostic Self Evaluation , Odds Ratio , East Asian People
2.
J Clin Biochem Nutr ; 72(3): 242-247, 2023 May.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37251967

ABSTRACT

Second-hand smoke exposure is an established cause of several adverse health effects. Tobacco smoke exposure in the environment has been improved by the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control. However, concerns have been raised regarding the health effects of heated tobacco products. Analysis of tobacco smoke biomarkers is critical for assessing the health effects of second-hand tobacco smoke exposure. In this study, nicotine metabolites (nicotine, cotinine, trans-3'-hydroxycotinine) and carcinogenic 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanol were analysed in the urine of non-smokers with or without passive exposure to cigarettes and heated tobacco products. In addition, 7-methylguanine and 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine were simultaneously measured as DNA damage markers. The results revealed higher levels of urinary nicotine metabolites and 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanol in participants exposed to second-hand tobacco smoke (both cigarettes and heated tobacco products) at home. In addition, the urinary levels of 7-methylguanine and 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine tended to be higher in the second-hand tobacco smoke-exposed group. The urinary levels of nicotine metabolites and 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanol were high in workplaces with no protection against passive smoking. These biomarkers will be useful for evaluating passive exposure to tobacco products.

3.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35627812

ABSTRACT

Heated tobacco products (HTPs) have become increasingly popular among smokers, especially among young adults in Japan in recent years. Assessments of secondhand tobacco smoke (SHS) exposure due to HTPs are scarce. The present study aimed to assess the urinary levels of total nicotine metabolites (TNMs) of non-smoking spouses and their children following SHS exposure due to their fathers' use of HTPs. A total of 41 families including 129 participants were recruited between 2018 and 2021. The number of non-smoking spouses and children of the fathers who smoke combustion cigarettes, the fathers who use HTPs, and the fathers who are non-users or have never smoked was 27, 66, and 36, respectively. The urinary levels of TNMs, including cotinine (Cot) and 3'-hydroxycotinine (3-OHCot), were measured using liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS). The spouses and children of fathers who use HTPs had significantly higher levels of TNMs in their urine compared to those with fathers who were non-smokers or non-users. The current study is the first to assess SHS exposure due to HTP use, and to suggest the importance of strategies to prevent exposure to SHS from HTP use in public places and educational strategies to protect non-smokers from secondhand HTP aerosol exposure in households and other private places.


Subject(s)
Cotinine , Tobacco Products , Child , Cotinine/urine , Fathers , Humans , Male , Nicotine , Spouses , Tandem Mass Spectrometry , Young Adult
4.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33776430

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: This study aimed to reveal the association between airflow limitation (AL) and carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) according to smoking status in Japan. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: This cross-sectional study was performed in 2809 subjects, who underwent a comprehensive health examination with pulmonary function tests and carotid ultrasonographic measurement. AL was defined as forced expiratory volume in 1 s/forced vital capacity of <0.7. The subjects were divided into the following four groups: never smokers without AL, never smokers with AL, former/current smokers without AL, and former/current smokers with AL. Mean IMT, the maximum measurable IMT value in the left and right common carotid arteries (IMT-C max), and mean IMT-C max were measured by carotid ultrasonography. The carotid wall thickness as defined as follows: IMT ≥ 1.1 mm (IMT1.1), IMT-C max ≥ 1.2 mm (IMTc1.2), and IMT-C max > 1.5 mm (IMTc1.5), based on each measured region. The association between AL and the carotid wall thickness according to smoking status was assessed by logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: The mean carotid IMT and mean IMT-C max were significantly higher in never smokers with AL and former/current smokers with or without AL than in never smokers without AL. In logistic regression models adjusted for sex, age, body mass index, hypertension, dyslipidemia, hyperglycemia, physical activity, and alcohol consumption, the risk of carotid wall thickness (IMT1.1 [odds ratio {OR}: 1.55; 95% confidence interval {CI}: 1.07-2.24]; IMTc1.2 [OR: 1.52; 95% CI: 1.03-2.24]; IMTc1.5 [OR: 1.99; 95% CI: 1.15-3.46]) were significantly higher in former/current smokers with AL than in never smokers without AL. CONCLUSION: The present results suggest that greater IMT and risk of carotid wall thickness were associated with AL and smoking experience.


Subject(s)
Carotid Artery Diseases , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive , Carotid Artery Diseases/diagnostic imaging , Carotid Artery Diseases/epidemiology , Carotid Intima-Media Thickness , Cross-Sectional Studies , Humans , Japan/epidemiology , Risk Factors , Ultrasonography
5.
Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis ; 14: 2355-2363, 2019.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31695355

ABSTRACT

Introduction: This study aimed to assess the association between airflow limitation (AL) severity and reduced bone mineral density (BMD) in Japanese men. Subjects and methods: This cross-sectional study included 290 subjects aged over 40 years (mean age 72.0, SD 11.6), who underwent a comprehensive health examination, including spirometry and measurement of BMD at the left femoral neck using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), between 2016 and 2017 at Japanese Red Cross Kumamoto Health Care Center. AL was defined as forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1)/forced vital capacity (FVC) of <0.7. Reversibility tests were not performed in this study. The criteria used for the AL staging were developed according to the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (GOLD) guidelines. The subjects were divided into the following three groups: a control group (normal pulmonary function), GOLD Stage I group (mild AL), and GOLD Stage II-IV group (moderate-to-very severe AL). BMD was classified based on the young adult mean (YAM) as normal (88.6% ≦ YAM [-1 SD ≦]), osteopenia (70% -2.5 SD]), or osteoporosis (YAM ≦ 70% [≦ -2.5 SD]). Reduced BMD was defined as osteopenia, osteoporosis, or medication used for osteoporosis. Logistic regression analysis was used to assess the association between AL severity and the reduced BMD. Results: The prevalence of reduced BMD in subjects with moderate-to-severe AL (76.2%) was significantly higher than in those without AL (47.9%) (p=0.030). In logistic regression models adjusted for age, body mass index, pack-years, physical activity, and alcohol drinking, the risk of reduced BMD (odds ratio: 3.87; 95% confidence interval: 1.20-12.49; p=0.024) was significantly higher in subjects with moderate-to-severe AL than in those with normal pulmonary function. Conclusion: Present results suggest that reduced BMD is associated with AL severity in Japanese men.


Subject(s)
Bone Density , Bone Diseases, Metabolic/complications , Bone Diseases, Metabolic/physiopathology , Osteoporosis/complications , Osteoporosis/physiopathology , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/complications , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/physiopathology , Pulmonary Ventilation , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Cross-Sectional Studies , Forced Expiratory Volume , Humans , Japan , Male , Middle Aged , Severity of Illness Index , Vital Capacity
6.
Environ Health Prev Med ; 22(1): 13, 2017 Mar 20.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29165119

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between airflow limitation (AL) severity and comorbidities in comprehensive health examination. METHODS: This cross-sectional study included 6661 men and 6044 women aged 40-89 who underwent a lung function test during medical checkups. AL was defined as forced expiratory volume in 1 s/forced vital capacity of < 0.7. Logistic regression analysis was used to assess the association between AL severity and the presence of comorbidities. RESULTS: When compared with the normal lung function group, subjects with AL had a higher prevalence of lung cancer (odd ratio (OR) 9.88, 95% confidence interval (CI) 3.88-25.14) in men, hypertension (OR 1.63, 95% CI 1.26-2.10) in women, diabetes and hyperglycemia (OR 1.23, 95% CI 1.02-1.49 in men, OR 1.61, 95% CI 1.18-2.20 in women) in men and women after adjusting for potential confounders. In men, lung cancer and MetS (the Joint Interim Statement: JIS) were significantly associated with moderate-to-very severe AL after adjustment. In women, hypertension, diabetes and hyperglycemia, MetS (JIS), and MetS (the Japanese Committee of the Criteria for MetS: JCCMS) were significantly associated with mild AL after adjustment. Hypertension was significantly associated with moderate-to-very severe AL after adjustment in women. CONCLUSIONS: Significant relationships were found between AL severity and the presence of comorbid lung cancer in men, hypertension in women, diabetes and hyperglycemia, and MetS in men and women. Knowledge of comorbidities associated with AL should be widely publicized to raise the awareness of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).


Subject(s)
Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/epidemiology , Adult , Age Factors , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Comorbidity , Cross-Sectional Studies , Diabetes Mellitus/epidemiology , Female , Forced Expiratory Volume , Humans , Hypertension/epidemiology , Japan/epidemiology , Logistic Models , Lung Neoplasms/epidemiology , Male , Metabolic Syndrome/epidemiology , Middle Aged , Odds Ratio , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/physiopathology , Respiratory Function Tests , Risk Factors , Severity of Illness Index , Sex Factors
7.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27042045

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to reveal the association between airflow limitation (AL) severity and reduction with work productivity as well as use of sick leave among Japanese workers. METHODS: This cross-sectional study included 1,378 workers who underwent a lung function test during a health checkup at the Japanese Red Cross Kumamoto Health Care Center. AL was defined as forced expiratory volume in 1 second/forced vital capacity of <0.7. Workers completed a questionnaire on productivity loss at work and sick leave. The quality and quantity of productivity loss at work were measured on a ten-point scale indicating how much work was actually performed on the previous workday. Participants were asked how many days in the past 12 months they were unable to work because of health problems. Logistic regression analysis was used to assess the associations between AL severity and the quality and quantity of productivity loss at work as well as use of sick leave. RESULTS: Compared with workers without AL, workers with moderate-to-severe AL showed a significant productivity loss (quality: odds ratio [OR] =2.04, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.12-3.71, P=0.02 and quantity: OR =2.19, 95% CI: 1.20-4.00, P=0.011) and use of sick leave (OR =2.69, 95% CI: 1.33-5.44, P=0.006) after adjusting for sex, age, body mass index, smoking status, hypertension, hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, sleep duration, work hours per day, and workplace smoking environment. CONCLUSION: AL severity was significantly associated with work productivity loss and use of sick leave. Our findings suggested that early intervention in the subjects with AL at the workforce might be beneficial for promoting work ability.


Subject(s)
Efficiency , Forced Expiratory Volume , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/physiopathology , Sick Leave/statistics & numerical data , Adult , Aged , Asian People , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Humans , Japan , Male , Middle Aged , Severity of Illness Index
8.
Intern Med ; 54(20): 2569-75, 2015.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26466690

ABSTRACT

Objective Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is often associated with concomitant systemic manifestations and comorbidities, such as cardiovascular disease. There are limited data regarding airflow limitation (AL) and atherosclerosis in Japanese patients, and the potential association between AL and arterial stiffness has not yet been investigated in Japanese patients. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the association between AL severity and arterial stiffness using the brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV). Methods This cross-sectional study included 1,356 subjects aged 40-79 years without clinical cardiovascular diseases who underwent a comprehensive health screening that included spirometry, the baPWV measurement, and blood sampling during medical check-ups in 2009 at the Japanese Red Cross Kumamoto Health Care Center. AL was defined in accordance with the Global Initiative for COPD criteria (forced expiratory volume in one second / forced vital capacity of < 0.7). A cut-off baPWV value of >1,400 cm/s was used for risk prediction and screening. Results The average baPWV (SD) results were 1,578.0 (317.9), 1,647.3 (374.4), and 1,747.3 (320.1) cm/s in the patients with a normal pulmonary function, mild AL, and moderate-to-severe AL, respectively (p< 0.001). Using logistic regression models adjusted for the age, body mass index, smoking status, hypersensitive C-reactive protein levels, hypertension, hyperglycemia, and dyslipidemia, an increased baPWV (>1,400 cm/s) was significantly associated with moderate-to-severe AL compared with a normal pulmonary function (odds ratio=2.76; 95% confidence intervals, 1.37-5.55; p=0.004). Conclusion Our results indicated an association between AL and increased arterial stiffness. Arterial stiffness may therefore worsen with an increase in the severity of AL.


Subject(s)
Ankle Brachial Index/methods , Ankle/blood supply , Asian People , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/physiopathology , Pulse Wave Analysis , Vascular Stiffness , Adult , Aged , Blood Flow Velocity , Body Mass Index , C-Reactive Protein/metabolism , Comorbidity , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Forced Expiratory Volume , Humans , Japan/epidemiology , Logistic Models , Male , Middle Aged , Odds Ratio , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/complications , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/epidemiology , Severity of Illness Index , Smoking/adverse effects
9.
PLoS One ; 9(6): e100733, 2014.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24955585

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUNDS: Although height (H) has been considered the principal anthropometric variable governing lung function, the age-dependent differences in its influences on determining spirometric parameters (SPs) have not been conclusively investigated. Moreover, there has been no study centered on age-dependent effects of other anthropometric variables, including body weight (BW) and body fat mass (BFM) on SPs. In addition, the age-dependent influences of these anthropometric variables are anticipated to differ quantitatively between male and female participants. METHODS: A total of 16,919 nonsmoking healthy Japanese adults (men: 6,116, women: 10,803) were partitioned into six groups stratified by gender and age at intervals of 20-years: young-, middle-, and advanced-age groups of either gender. Using a model in which a SP was described by a logarithmic additive function of age, H, BW, and BFM, we determined the partial regression coefficients of the respective anthropometric variables to predict the reference means of SPs, including FVC, FEV1, FEV1/FVC, PEF, FEF50, and FEF75, in the six groups. RESULTS/DISCUSSION: Although the impact of H on FVC and FEV1 was relatively homogeneous irrespective of gender and age, its homogeneity faded for flow parameters, particularly in the female middle- and advanced-age groups, indicating that the age-dependent contribution of H to SPs was enhanced more in women. The impact of BW on SPs differed depending on age, and this effect was also more conspicuous for female participants. H and BW generally exerted positive effects on SPs, whereas BFM had negative effects. Opposite effects of BW and BFM were observed in the female middle-age group in particular. CONCLUSIONS: The effects of anthropometric variables on spirometric parameters are highly age-dependent, particularly in women, leading to the conclusion that the assumption of age-independent, constant partial regression coefficients of anthropometric variables while predicting the reference mean of a certain spirometric parameter may result in substantial errors.


Subject(s)
Aging/physiology , Anthropometry , Health , Spirometry/methods , Adipose Tissue , Adult , Body Height , Body Weight , Cohort Studies , Demography , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Regression Analysis , Respiratory Function Tests , Smoking
10.
Respir Physiol Neurobiol ; 183(2): 108-14, 2012 Aug 15.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22750572

ABSTRACT

Although lung age calculated backward from regression formulas constructed for FEV(1) estimation is widely used, it possesses a couple of faults. We developed novel equations predicting lung age from varied spirometric parameters (spirometry-derived lung age (SDL-age)). Applying multiple regression analysis, equations predicting SDL-age were invented using data from 8015 never-smokers with normal spirometry (group I). Validation was made based on data from 6398 never-smokers with normal spirometry (group II). Equations were further applied for 446 subjects with airflow limitation. FEV(1), FEV(1)/FVC, FEF(50), and PEF were selected as explanatory variables for reference value of SDL-age. Normal limits of difference between SDL-age and chronological-age were ± 13.4 years in the male and ± 15.0 years in the female. Established equations predicted SDL-age of group II. SDL-age was older than chronological-age only in subjects with severe airflow limitation. Novel regression equations allowing prediction of reference value of SDL-age and normal limits of difference between SDL-age and chronological-age were elaborated in both genders.


Subject(s)
Aging/physiology , Lung/physiology , Regression Analysis , Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Smoking , Spirometry/statistics & numerical data
11.
Environ Health Prev Med ; 17(1): 18-26, 2012 Jan.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21509480

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: There is some evidence that chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and chronic kidney disease (CKD) may be related, perhaps through systemic inflammation, which is common to both. However, this relationship has not yet been clearly demonstrated. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between airflow obstruction, CKD, and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels in Japanese men. METHODS: The study included 11,587 men, aged 40-88 years, who underwent a health check-up. Airflow obstruction was defined as a forced expiratory volume in 1 s/forced vital capacity of <70%, and its severity was based on the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease guidelines (GOLD). CKD was defined as an estimated glomerular filtration rate of <60 mL/min/1.73 m(2). RESULTS: Airflow obstruction was present in 7.9% of the participants, and 10.6% of the participants had CKD. The average CRP levels were 0.11 ± 0.36, 0.13 ± 0.41, and 0.18 ± 0.41 mg/L for subjects with normal lung function, GOLD stage I, and GOLD stage II-IV, respectively. With regard to CKD, the average CRP levels were 0.11 ± 0.32 and 0.18 ± 0.6 mg/L for subjects without and with CKD, respectively. Analysis of covariance showed no significant differences between the CRP level and lung function status or CKD after age was adjusted for. Logistic regression analysis showed no association among subjects with the three different lung function statuses after age, body mass index, hypertension, diabetes, hyper-low-density-lipoprotein-cholesterolemia, smoking, physical activity, and alcohol intake were controlled for. CONCLUSIONS: Based on the results of this study, we conclude that there is no interrelationship between CRP level, airflow obstruction, and CKD.


Subject(s)
C-Reactive Protein/analysis , Kidney Diseases/complications , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/complications , Adult , Age Factors , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Analysis of Variance , C-Reactive Protein/metabolism , Cohort Studies , Cross-Sectional Studies , Forced Expiratory Volume , Glomerular Filtration Rate , Humans , Japan/epidemiology , Kidney Diseases/epidemiology , Kidney Diseases/immunology , Logistic Models , Male , Middle Aged , Prevalence , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/epidemiology , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/immunology , Vital Capacity
12.
Environ Health Prev Med ; 17(3): 199-204, 2012 May.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21879343

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major public health problem. Epidemiological studies of the relationship between alcohol intake and CKD are scarce in Japan. This cross-sectional study aims to investigate the relationship between frequency of drinking alcohol and CKD in Japanese men. METHODS: The subjects were 9,196 men (mean ± standard deviation age, 57.9 ± 5.1 years) who underwent a health check-up. CKD was defined as estimated glomerular filtration rate <60 mL/min/1.73 m(2). Frequency of alcohol drinking was obtained from questionnaire and divided into five categories: nondrinkers, once or twice a week, three or four times a week, five or six times a week, and everyday drinkers. RESULTS: Multivariable-adjusted [age, body mass index, hypertension, diabetes, hyper-low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterolemia, smoking, and physical activity] odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using logistic regression analysis. Compared with the results for the nondrinkers, the multivariable-adjusted odds ratios of CKD were as follows: 0.76 (95% CI 0.60-0.95) for 1-2 drinks per week, 0.74 (95% CI 0.59-0.93) for 3-4 drinks per week, 0.79 (95% CI 0.64-0.97) for 5-6 drinks per week, and 0.60 (95% CI 0.51-0.71) for everyday drinkers. There was a significant inverse trend across increasing frequency of drinking alcohol (p = 0.001 for trend). CONCLUSIONS: An inverse association was found between frequency of drinking alcohol and CKD in apparently healthy men.


Subject(s)
Alcohol Drinking/adverse effects , Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/etiology , Aged , Alcohol Drinking/epidemiology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Diet Surveys , Humans , Japan , Logistic Models , Male , Middle Aged , Multivariate Analysis , Odds Ratio , Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/diagnosis , Surveys and Questionnaires
13.
Intern Med ; 50(15): 1537-44, 2011.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21804278

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: To date, there is very limited longitudinal data on COPD and incidence estimates in Japan. The aim of this study was to investigate the 12-year cumulative incidence of airflow obstruction (COPD) in Japanese males. METHODS: This study included 913 male subjects, aged 30-76 years, who underwent lung function tests at a medical check-up in 1994 (baseline), 1999, and 2006. The study group consisted of 263 persistent never smokers, 296 early quitters, 117 late quitters, and 237 persistent smokers without airflow obstruction at baseline. The 12-year cumulative incidence of airflow obstruction was estimated. The spirometric criteria for diagnosis of airflow obstruction were forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV(1))/forced vital capacity (FVC) of <0.7 and 5th percentile lower limit of normal (FEV(1)/FVC

Subject(s)
Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/epidemiology , Adult , Aged , Asian People , Forced Expiratory Volume , Humans , Incidence , Japan/epidemiology , Longitudinal Studies , Male , Middle Aged , Odds Ratio , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/diagnosis , Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/physiopathology , Smoking/adverse effects , Spirometry , Vital Capacity
SELECTION OF CITATIONS
SEARCH DETAIL
...