ABSTRACT
Liposomally formulated indocyanine green (LP-ICG) has drawn much attention as a highly sensitive near-infrared (NIR)-fluorescence probe for tumors or lymph nodes in vivo. We synthesized ICG derivatives tagged with alkyl chains (ICG-Cn), and we examined NIR-fluorescence imaging for lymph nodes in the lower extremities of mice by using liposomally formulated ICG-Cn (LP-ICG-Cn) as well as conventional liposomally formulated ICG (LP-ICG) and ICG. Analysis with a noninvasive preclinical NIR-fluorescence imaging system revealed that LP-ICG-Cn accumulates in only the popliteal lymph node 1h after injection into the footpad, whereas LP-ICG and ICG accumulate in the popliteal lymph node and other organs like the liver. This result indicates that LP-ICG-Cn is a useful NIR-fluorescence probe for noninvasive in vivo bioimaging, especially for the sentinel lymph node.
Subject(s)
Diagnostic Imaging , Fluorescence , Fluorescent Dyes , Indocyanine Green , Liposomes/chemistry , Lymph Nodes/pathology , Animals , Fluorescent Dyes/chemistry , Indocyanine Green/chemistry , Male , Mice , Mice, Inbred Strains , Molecular Structure , Rats , Rats, Sprague-Dawley , Spectrometry, Fluorescence , Spectroscopy, Near-InfraredABSTRACT
α,α,α-Trifluoroacetophenone (2), which is susceptible to noncatalytic reduction by BH(3), could be reduced to chiral alcohol up to 90% ee by using electronically tuned-CBS catalyst (1) with BH(3). The enantioselectivities highly correlated with the differential orbital energies between 1-BH(3) adduct and 2, which were calculated by DFT method.
ABSTRACT
The existence of the intermolecular interaction in CDCl(3) between oxygen of MeOH and the C(6)F(5) group is demonstrated.
