ABSTRACT
This series of 2 articles on dermatopathologic diagnoses reviews conditions in which granulomas form. Part 1 clarifies concepts, discusses the presentation of different types of granulomas and giant cells, and considers a large variety of noninfectious diseases. Some granulomatous diseases have a metabolic origin, as in necrobiosis lipoidica. Others, such as granulomatous mycosis fungoides, are related to lymphomas. Still others, such as rosacea, are so common that dermatologists see them nearly daily in clinical practice.
ABSTRACT
Part 2 of this series on granulomatous diseases focuses on skin biopsy findings. Whereas the first part treated noninfectious conditions (metabolic disorders and tumors, among other conditions), this part mainly deals with various types of infectious disease along with other conditions seen fairly often by clinical dermatologists.
ABSTRACT
La patología vascular oclusiva es causante de diversas y variadas manifestaciones clínicas, algunas de ellas con catastróficas consecuencias para el paciente. Dado que las causas de tal oclusión son muy variadas, hemos abordado en un artículo previo reciente en esta misma revista las causas trombóticas. En el presente artículo recopilamos diversas causas adicionales de oclusión intravascular
Vascular occlusion has multiple, diverse clinical manifestations, some of which can have grave consequences for patients. It also has a wide variety of causes, including thrombi, which we recently addressed in part I of this review. In this second part, we look at additional causes of vascular occlusion
Subject(s)
Humans , Peripheral Vascular Diseases/etiology , Peripheral Vascular Diseases/pathology , Thrombosis/etiology , Thrombosis/pathology , Blood Coagulation Disorders/complications , Embolism/complications , Skin/blood supply , Skin/pathology , NecrosisABSTRACT
La patplogía vascular oclusiva es causante de diversas y variadas manifestaciones clínicas, algunas de las cuales son de catastróficas consecuencias para el paciente. Sin embargo, las causas de tal oclusión son muy variadas, extendiéndose desde trombos por acción descontrolada de los mecanismos de coagulación, hasta anomalías de los endotelios de los vasos u oclusión por materiales extrínsecos. En una serie de dos artículos hacemos una revisión de las principales causas de oclusión vascular, resumiendo sus manifestaciones clínicas principales y los hallazgos histopatológicos fundamentales. Esta primera parte corresponde a las oclusiones vasculares que cursan con trombos
Vascular occlusion has multiple, diverse clinical manifestations, some of which can have grave consequences for patients. The causes of vascular occlusion are also highly variable, ranging from thrombi triggered by the uncontrolled activation of coagulation mechanisms, on the one hand, to endothelial dysfunction or occlusion by material extrinsic to the coagulation system on the other. In a 2-part review, we look at the main causes of vascular occlusion and the key clinical and histopathologic findings. In this first part, we focus on vascular occlusion involving thrombi
Subject(s)
Humans , Vascular Diseases/etiology , Venous Thrombosis/complications , Venous Thrombosis/pathology , Vascular Diseases/pathology , Risk FactorsABSTRACT
Vascular occlusion has multiple, diverse clinical manifestations, some of which can have grave consequences for patients. It also has a wide variety of causes, including thrombi, which we recently addressed in partI of this review. In this second part, we look at additional causes of vascular occlusion.
Subject(s)
Blood Coagulation Disorders/complications , Embolism/complications , Skin Diseases, Vascular/etiology , Anticoagulants/adverse effects , Antiphospholipid Syndrome/complications , Antiphospholipid Syndrome/pathology , Calciphylaxis/complications , Calciphylaxis/pathology , Cocaine/adverse effects , Female , Foreign Bodies/complications , Foreign Bodies/pathology , Humans , Ischemia/etiology , Ischemia/pathology , Levamisole/adverse effects , Livedo Reticularis/etiology , Livedo Reticularis/pathology , Male , Malignant Atrophic Papulosis/pathology , Necrosis , Neoplasms/complications , Neoplasms/pathology , Paraproteinemias/complications , Paraproteinemias/pathology , Skin/blood supply , Skin Diseases, Vascular/chemically induced , Skin Diseases, Vascular/pathology , Skin Ulcer/etiology , Skin Ulcer/pathology , Sneddon Syndrome/pathologyABSTRACT
Vascular occlusion has multiple, diverse clinical manifestations, some of which can have grave consequences for patients. The causes of vascular occlusion are also highly variable, ranging from thrombi triggered by the uncontrolled activation of coagulation mechanisms, on the one hand, to endothelial dysfunction or occlusion by material extrinsic to the coagulation system on the other. In a 2-part review, we look at the main causes of vascular occlusion and the key clinical and histopathologic findings. In this first part, we focus on vascular occlusion involving thrombi.
Subject(s)
Thrombosis , Blood Coagulation , Humans , Thrombosis/etiologySubject(s)
GTP Phosphohydrolases/genetics , Melanoma/genetics , Membrane Proteins/genetics , Mutation/genetics , Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf/genetics , Receptor, Melanocortin, Type 1/genetics , Skin Neoplasms/genetics , Aged , Female , Genotype , Humans , Male , Melanoma/pathology , Middle Aged , Prospective Studies , Skin Neoplasms/pathologySubject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Balanitis/complications , Balanitis/diagnosis , Balanitis/drug therapy , Carcinoma, Transitional Cell/complications , Carcinoma, Transitional Cell/drug therapy , Isoniazid/therapeutic use , Rifampin/therapeutic use , Mycobacterium bovis , Mycobacterium bovis/isolation & purification , Prostatitis/complications , Epididymitis/complications , Balanitis/physiopathologySubject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Panniculitis/chemically induced , Panniculitis/complications , Panniculitis/diagnosis , Interferon-beta/administration & dosage , Interferon-beta/adverse effects , Multiple Sclerosis/complications , Multiple Sclerosis/diagnosis , Erythema/complications , Erythema/diagnosis , Multiple Sclerosis/physiopathology , Vasculitis/complications , Vasculitis/diagnosis , Erythema/physiopathology , Leg Ulcer/complications , Leg Ulcer/diagnosis , Skin Ulcer/chemically induced , Skin Ulcer/complications , Skin Ulcer/diagnosisSubject(s)
Adjuvants, Immunologic/adverse effects , BCG Vaccine/adverse effects , Balanitis/microbiology , Adjuvants, Immunologic/administration & dosage , Administration, Intravesical , Adult , BCG Vaccine/administration & dosage , Balanitis/complications , Granuloma/complications , Granuloma/microbiology , Humans , MaleSubject(s)
Humans , Male , Aged , Dendritic Cells/pathology , Skin Neoplasms/pathology , Neoplasm InvasivenessSubject(s)
Dendritic Cells/pathology , Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin/pathology , Skin Neoplasms/pathology , Aged , Antigens, CD/analysis , Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/administration & dosage , Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use , Asparaginase/administration & dosage , Bone Marrow/pathology , Bone Marrow Transplantation , Combined Modality Therapy , Cyclophosphamide/administration & dosage , Cytarabine/administration & dosage , Daunorubicin/administration & dosage , Dendritic Cells/chemistry , Disease Progression , Doxorubicin/administration & dosage , Humans , Immunophenotyping , Leukemia, Myelomonocytic, Acute/pathology , Lymph Nodes/pathology , Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin/diagnosis , Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin/drug therapy , Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin/surgery , Male , Mercaptopurine/administration & dosage , Methotrexate/administration & dosage , Middle Aged , Prednisone/administration & dosage , Prognosis , Remission Induction , Skin Neoplasms/diagnosis , Skin Neoplasms/drug therapy , Skin Neoplasms/surgery , Transplantation, Homologous , Vincristine/administration & dosageABSTRACT
We describe the case of a 30-year-old asymptomatic farmer who underwent a pulmonary segmentectomy due to the casual finding of a pulmonary nodule in preoperative chest radiography. As bronchoscopic samples rule out mycobacterium infection and malignancy, surgery could have been avoided with the use of serological tests and radiographic follow-up based on epidemiology of dirofilariasis in our country.
Subject(s)
Dirofilariasis/diagnosis , Lung Diseases, Parasitic/diagnosis , Lung Neoplasms/diagnosis , Adult , Bronchoscopy , Diagnosis, Differential , Dirofilariasis/diagnostic imaging , Dirofilariasis/pathology , Dirofilariasis/surgery , Humans , Lung Diseases, Parasitic/diagnostic imaging , Lung Diseases, Parasitic/pathology , Lung Diseases, Parasitic/surgery , Male , Radiography , Unnecessary ProceduresSubject(s)
Adenocarcinoma, Bronchiolo-Alveolar/diagnosis , Bronchi/pathology , Lung Neoplasms/diagnosis , Lung/diagnostic imaging , Sputum/metabolism , Adenocarcinoma, Bronchiolo-Alveolar/diagnostic imaging , Adenocarcinoma, Bronchiolo-Alveolar/pathology , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Biopsy , Bronchoalveolar Lavage , Bronchoscopy , Chronic Disease , Cough/etiology , Diagnosis, Differential , Dyspnea/etiology , Female , Humans , Lung Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Lung Neoplasms/pathology , Pneumonia/etiology , RadiographyABSTRACT
A case of angiodysplasia of the colon with clinical manifestation of massive rectal bleeding is presented. The activity and the severity of the life-threatening bleeding episode led to emergency exploratory laparotomy with intraoperative colonoscopy which was not diagnostic. Three years later, following multiple recurrent bleeding episodes and non diagnostic explorations, the localization of the hemorrhage was obtained by abdominal scintigraphy with 99mTc-red blood cells. Surgical removal of the affected area achieved definitive cure.
Subject(s)
Angiodysplasia/diagnostic imaging , Colonic Diseases/diagnostic imaging , Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/etiology , Angiodysplasia/complications , Angiodysplasia/surgery , Colonic Diseases/complications , Colonic Diseases/surgery , Female , Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/diagnostic imaging , Humans , Middle Aged , Radionuclide Imaging , Rectum , RecurrenceABSTRACT
Patients with myasthenia gravis respond unpredictably to muscle relaxants and more often suffer respiratory complications after surgery. We describe the use of total intravenous anesthesia with propofol and alfentanil without muscle relaxants is three myasthenic patients classified as Osserman I-IIB. Mean time since appearance of the disease was 1 year and all were undergoing transsternal thymectomy. Time in surgery ranged from 115 to 170 min and mean total dose of propofol was 1,374 mg. In all cases total intravenous anesthesia afforded good conditions for intubation, maintenance during surgery and rapid recovery from anesthesia, with early extubation.