ABSTRACT
Context: Worldwide, urological disorders vary from one topography to another. An in-depth understanding of their distribution in each region could serve as a basis for the distribution of manpower, equipment's alongside determine policy formulation and training. Aims: This study enumerates the annual frequency and distribution of urological disorders at the Federal Medical Centre, Keffi. Settings and Design: A cross-sectional retrospective study from November 2021 to November 2022 of all new patients who attended the urology outpatient clinic, emergency department as well as those who had surgical interventions at the Federal Medical Centre, Keffi, Nasarawa State. Materials and Methods: The pertinent records were extracted from the patient's electronic medical records (EMR) and entered into a semistructured questionnaire. Statistical Analysis Used: Data were analyzed using the SPSS software version 20. Results: A total of 452 new patients were seen over the study period. There were 428 (94.5%) males and 24 (5.3%) females, with a male-to-female ratio of 17.8:1. The median age was 58 years, with the age range of 2-97 years. Urological emergencies were seen in 13.5% patients. Ninety-eight percent of cases were acquired, whereas 1.8% were of congenital etiology. Overall, the most commonly diagnosed urologic diseases among new patients in order of decreasing frequency were benign prostatic enlargement (BPE) (54.7%), urethral stricture disease (11.0%), upper tract urinary calculi (6.3%), prostate adenocarcinoma (5.9%), and male infertility (4.3%). Conclusions: BPE, urethral stricture disease, upper tract urinary calculi, prostate adenocarcinoma, and male infertility are common in our environment. An understanding of the urological disease distribution will enhance policy-making and drive manpower needs inspiring core areas of subspecialization with a view at improving the standard of urological care and promoting collaboration with international organizations and funding agencies.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Breast cancer is now the commonest female malignancy worldwide. The prognosis of such depends on the histopathological type, biological behavior, stage at presentation, availability of adequate oncological services. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: The aim of this this study is to evaluate the statistics and challenges of breast cancer management in the study centre and compare with other centres. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is a prospective, descriptive study that spanned over a period of 4 years (January 2015-December 2018). The study was carried out in the General surgery division of the Surgery Department of the Federal Medical Centre, Keffi. RESULTS: A total of 199 patients were recruited into this study out of which 196 (98.25%) were females and 3 (1.5%) were males. Their age ranged between 20-60 years. The commonest histopathological variant diagnosed is invasive ductal carcinoma (NOS). Early presentation was seen in 54 (<30%) while 145 (>70%) patients had late clinical presentation. CONCLUSION: Diagnosing and managing breast cancers successfully are mitigated my myriads of factors. Public awareness and provision of adequate care facilities will improve overall survival.
