Automated precolumn derivatization system for analyzing physiological amino acids by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry.

An automated method for high-throughput amino acid analysis, using precolumn derivatization high-performance liquid chromatography/electrospray mass spectrometry (HPLC/ESI-MS), was developed and evaluated. The precolumn derivatization step was performed in the reaction port of a home-built auto-sampler system. Amino acids were derivatized with 3-aminopyridyl-N-hydroxysuccinimidyl carbamate, and a 3 microm Wakosil-II 3C8-100HG column (100 x 2.1 mm i.d.) was used for separation. To achieve a 13 min cycle for each sample, the derivatization and separation steps were performed in parallel. The results of the method evaluation, including the linearity, and the intra- and inter-precision, were sufficient to measure physiological amino acids in human plasma samples. The relative standard deviations of typical amino acids in actual human plasma samples were below 10%.

Precolumn derivatization reagents for high-speed analysis of amines and amino acids in biological fluid using liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry.

A rapid analytical method for amines and amino acids was developed, involving derivatization with the novel reagent 3-aminopyridyl-N-hydroxysuccinimidyl carbamate (APDS), followed by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography and electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC/ESI-MS/MS). More than 100 different analytes with amino groups, including amino acids in biological fluids such as mammalian plasma, could be measured within 10 min. The analytes were easily derivatized with APDS under the mild conditions. Selective reaction monitoring of ESI-MS/MS in positive mode was carried out to include the transitions of all of the protonated molecular ions of analytes derivatized with APDS to the common fragment at m/z 121, which was derived from the amino pyridyl moiety of the reagent. We evaluated the retention time precision, the quantification limits, the linearity, the intra- and inter-day precisions and the accuracy of 22 typical amino acids found in biological fluids, by analyzing a standard amino acid mixture and rat plasma. The intra-day relative standard deviations (RSDs) of the retention times of the 22 amino acids and their internal standards were within 0.9% and the inter-day RSDs were less than 1.1%, except for asparagines, with an RSD of 1.9%. The intra-day and inter-day RSDs of amino acid analyses in rat plasma were within 8.0% and 4.5%, respectively. The method, which facilitates the amino acid analysis of more than 100 samples in a day, represents an alternative to traditional amino acid analysis techniques, such as chromatography using postcolumn derivatization by ninhydrin.