ABSTRACT
Sclerostin is an inhibitor of bone formation expressed by osteocytes. We hypothesized that sclerostin is expressed by cells of the same origin and also embedded within mineralized matrices. In this study, we analyzed (a) sclerostin expression using immunohistochemistry, (b) whether the genomic defect in individuals with van Buchem disease (VBD) was associated with the absence of sclerostin expression, and (c) whether this was associated with hypercementosis. Sclerostin was expressed by cementocytes in mouse and human teeth and by mineralized hypertrophic chondrocytes in the human growth plate. In individuals with VBD, sclerostin expression was absent or strongly decreased in osteocytes and cementocytes. This was associated with increased bone formation, but no overt changes in cementum thickness. In conclusion, sclerostin is expressed by all 3 terminally differentiated cell types embedded within mineralized matrices: osteocytes, cementocytes, and hypertrophic chondrocytes.
Subject(s)
Bone Morphogenetic Proteins/biosynthesis , Bone Morphogenetic Proteins/deficiency , Osteocytes/metabolism , Osteosclerosis/metabolism , Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing , Adolescent , Adult , Animals , Child , Chondrocytes/metabolism , Dental Cementum/metabolism , Female , Genetic Markers , Growth Plate/metabolism , Humans , Jaw Abnormalities/etiology , Male , Malocclusion/etiology , Mice , Middle Aged , Osteosclerosis/complications , Osteosclerosis/diagnostic imaging , Radiography, Panoramic , Tooth Abnormalities/etiology , Young AdultABSTRACT
We treated 15 patients by arthrodesis of the knee after removal of an infected total knee arthroplasty, using an Ilizarov ring fixator. Eight had a failed arthrodesis by another technique. The mean age of the patients was 75 years, the mean duration of retention of the frame was 28 weeks, the mean treatment time 51 weeks, and the mean follow-up 52 months. All but one knee fused at the first attempt, a rate of union of 93%. The incidence of complications related to treatment was 80%. The length of treatment and rates of complication were attributed to advanced age and the adverse local clinical factors in these patients. The Ilizarov method is a promising technique for achieving arthrodesis under these circumstances.
