Neighborhood Unsafety, Discrimination, and Food Insecurity among Nigerians Aged 15-49.

We investigated the association between discrimination, neighborhood unsafety, and household food insecurity (FI) among Nigerian adults, as well as the gender-specific differences in these associations. Our analysis utilized data from the 2021 Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (MICS), comprising 56,146 Nigerian adults aged 15-49 (17,346 males and 38,800 females). For bivariate analysis, we employed the Rao-Scott chi-square test to examine the relationship between predictors (discrimination, neighborhood unsafety, and a composite variable of both) and the outcome variable (FI). Food insecurity was assessed using both a dichotomous measure (food insecure vs. food secure) and a multinomial variable (food secure, mild FI, moderate FI, and severe FI). To model the association between predictors and FI while controlling for potential confounding factors, we utilized weighted binary and multinomial logistic regression. Among Nigerian adults, the prevalence of having ever experienced FI was 86.1%, with the prevalence of mild FI, moderate FI, and severe FI being 11.5%, 30.1%, and 44.5%, respectively. In the binary model, experiencing discrimination (OR = 1.36, 95% CI = 1.19-1.55), living in an unsafe neighborhood (OR = 1.33, 95% CI = 1.14-1.54), and facing both discrimination and unsafe neighborhood conditions (OR = 1.97, 95% CI = 1.57-2.48) were significantly associated with FI. In the multinomial model, discrimination, neighborhood unsafety, and experiencing both remained associated with moderate and severe FI. In the gender-specific models, discrimination and neighborhood unsafety were found to be significantly associated with FI in women but not in men. This study underscores the importance of implementing policies and programs that address the underlying causes of food insecurity, with specific attention to discrimination and neighborhood safety concerns, particularly for Nigerian women.

Caregivers' Self-Rated General Health, Physical and Mental Health Status, Disease Morbidity and Association with Uncontrolled Asthma in Children.

This study examined the association between caregivers' self-rated general health, poor physical/mental health days, disease morbidity and asthma control in children from the United States with current asthma. The data analyzed for this study were obtained from 7522 children aged 0-17 years who participated in the 2012-2014, 2015-2017, 2018, and 2019 cycles of the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System Asthma Call-back Survey (ACBS). We employed univariate analysis to describe the study population and weighted binary logistic regression to examine the association of predictors with asthma control. Approximately 50% of the children had uncontrolled asthma. The results show that caregivers who reported fair general health had a 61% higher likelihood of reporting uncontrolled asthma in their children compared to those who reported good/very good/excellent health (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 1.61; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.14-2.26). Poor caregiver general health did not reach statistical significance in predicting uncontrolled asthma (aOR = 1.05, 95% CI, 0.62-1.75). Furthermore, having 1 to 14 poor physical/mental health days ([aOR] = 1.70; 95% CI, 1.28-2.227) and ≥15 poor physical/mental health days (aOR = 1.82, 95% CI, 1.31-2.53) was predictive of uncontrolled asthma in children. Additionally, endorsing one reported disease (aOR = 1.49, 95% CI, 1.15-1.93) and ≥2 diseases (aOR = 1.38, 95% CI, 1.08-1.78) was associated with uncontrolled child asthma. These findings underscore the association between caregivers' self-reported general health, poor mental/physical health days, disease morbidity and uncontrolled asthma among children from the U.S. with asthma. Pediatricians and child health practitioners should recall the importance of this relationship. To facilitate the identification of caregivers at risk and provide more comprehensive and effective care for children with asthma, healthcare practitioners should utilize every child asthma care encounter to inquire about the overall health of caregivers.

Factors Associated with the Use of Complementary and Alternative Medicine/Therapy among United States Adults with Asthma.

This article examined the sociodemographic and health-related factors associated with the use of complementary and alternative medicine/therapy (CAM) among adults with current asthma in the United States. We used data from 76,802 adults aged 18 years and above from the 2012-2019 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) Asthma Call-back Survey (ACBS) cycles. Weighted binary and multinomial logistic regression was used to examine the association of these factors with ever CAM use and the number of CAM use. We found that approximately 45.2% of US adults with asthma ever used CAM. Among adults with asthma, 25.3% and 19.9% endorsed using one CAM and ≥2 CAMs, respectively. CAM use was significantly associated with adults ≤ 35 years, female gender, multiple/other race/ethnicity, higher cost barriers, adults with two or more disease comorbidities, and those with poorly controlled asthma in both binary and multinomial models. CAM use was not associated with insurance and income status. Understanding factors associated with CAM use can provide asthma care professionals valuable insights into the underlying drivers of CAM use behavior in this population, enabling them to offer more informed and effective medical advice and guidance.