ABSTRACT
The revised European consensus defined sarcopenia as a progressive and generalized skeletal muscle disorder that is associated with an increased likelihood of adverse outcomes including falls, fractures, physical disability and mortality. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of sarcopenia and analyse the influence of diet, physical activity (PA) and obesity index as risk factors of each criteria of sarcopenia. A total of 629 European middle-aged and older adults were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. Anthropometrics were assessed. Self-reported PA and adherence to the Mediterranean diet were evaluated with the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ) and Prevention with Mediterranean Diet questionnaire (PREDIMED), respectively. The functional assessment included handgrip strength, lower body muscle strength, gait speed and agility/dynamic balance. Of the participants, 4.84% to 7.33% showed probable sarcopenia. Sarcopenia was confirmed in 1.16% to 2.93% of participants. Severe sarcopenia was shown by 0.86% to 1.49% of participants. Male; age group ≤65 years; lower body mass index (BMI); high levels of vigorous PA; and the consumption of more than one portion per day of red meat, hamburgers, sausages or cold cuts and/or preferential consumption of rabbit, chicken or turkey instead of beef, pork, hamburgers or sausages (OR = 0.126-0.454; all p < 0.013) resulted as protective factors, and more time of sedentary time (OR = 1.608-2.368; p = 0.032-0.041) resulted as a risk factor for some criteria of sarcopenia. In conclusion, age, diet, PA, and obesity can affect the risk of having low muscle strength, low muscle mass or low functional performance, factors connected with sarcopenia.
Subject(s)
Diet , Sarcopenia , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Animals , Anthropometry , Body Mass Index , Chickens , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Hand Strength , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Muscle Strength/physiology , Muscle, Skeletal , Obesity , RabbitsABSTRACT
Physical exercise is considered an important intervention for promoting well-being and healthy aging. The objective was to determine the effects of moderate-to-high intensity resistance circuit training on different parameters of body composition, functional autonomy, muscular strength and quality of life in elderly. A randomized controlled trial was conducted. A total of 45 subjects (27 females, 18 males) aged between 65-75 years old from Murcia (Spain) were divided by sex, and randomly to experimental group (n = 33, mean age 69 ± 3.2 years old) receiving 12 weeks of moderate-to-high intensity resistance circuit training and control group (n = 33, mean age 70 ± 4.1 years old) receiving no exercise intervention. Intra-group comparison, the experimental group showed a significant increment of lean body mass in women and men, which also presented a decrease of fat mass. Both sex presented a significant improve in functional autonomy, and significately higher values of muscular strength. But no changes were observed regarding quality of life in these groups. The control group did not show any differences pre and post-intervention in women, but in men presented an increment of body mass index and total weight post-intervention. No changes were showed in the other variables. Similar results were founded at inter-group comparison. The moderate-to-high intensity resistance circuit training showed increase in total lean body mass, improvements in functional capacity and significantly increase in upper and lower muscular strength in women and men. Progressive resistance circuit training should be promoted for the elderly as it has the potential to improve physical performance, thereby prolonging healthy independent aging.
Subject(s)
Circuit-Based Exercise/methods , Healthy Aging/physiology , Quality of Life , Resistance Training/methods , Aged , Body Composition/physiology , Female , Humans , Independent Living , Male , Muscle Strength/physiology , Physical Fitness/physiology , Spain , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
El objetivo de este estudio fue comprobar la capacidad predictiva de la valoración del comportamiento autónomo, las necesidades psicológicas básicas y el índice de autodeterminación sobre los motivos de práctica auto determinados (fitness/salud, social y disfrute) en adultos mayores. La muestra estuvo integrada por 237 practicantes, con edades comprendidas entre 65 y 85 años (M = 74.51, DT = 8.04). El análisis de regresión lineal múltiple mostró que el motivo fitness/salud fue predicho positivamente por la competencia percibida y el índice de autodeterminación. A su vez, los motivos social y disfrute fueron predichos por la valoración del comportamiento autónomo, la competencia percibida y la relación con los demás. Estos resultados destacan la importante contribución que los factores psicosociales podrían tener en la práctica de ejercicio físico saludable para el envejecimiento activo después de la edad adulta (AU)
The aim of this study was to test the predictive ability of the autonomous behavioral assessment, basic psychological needs and the rate of self-determination on the grounds of self-determined practice (fitness /health, social and enjoy) in elderly. the sample consisted of 237 trainees, aged between 65 and 85 years (M = 74.51, SD = 8.04). the multiple linear regression analysis showed that the motive fitness/health was positively predicted by perceived competence and self-determination index. In turn, social and enjoy the grounds were predicted by the assessment of autonomous behavior, perceived competence and the relationship with others. these results show the relevance of psychosocial factors in physical exercise healthy active aging in the population (AU)
El objetivo de este estudio fue comprobar la capacidad predictiva de la valoración del comportamiento autónomo, las necesidades psicológicas básicas y el índice de autodeterminación sobre los motivos de práctica autodeterminados (fitness/salud, social y disfrute) en adultos mayores. La muestra estuvo integrada por 237 practicantes, con edades comprendidas entre 65 y 85 años (M = 74.51, DT = 8.04). El análisis de regresión lineal múltiple mostró que el motivo fitness/salud fue predicho positivamente por la competencia percibida y el índice de autodeterminación. A su vez, los motivos social y disfrute fueron predichos por la valoración del comportamiento autónomo, la competencia percibida y la relación con los demás. Estos resultados destacan la importante contribución que los factores psicosociales podrían tener en la práctica de ejercicio físico saludable para el envejecimiento activo después de la edad adult (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Motivation , Exercise Therapy/psychology , Self Efficacy , Healthy People Programs/organization & administration , Personal SatisfactionABSTRACT
Un control individualizado y sistemático del ejercicio físico, así como un equipamiento seguro y adecuado para la práctica física se convierten en indicadores de calidad en el sector del fitness. El objetivo de este estudio fue conocer la calidad de los centros fitness de Murcia en función de la prescripción del ejercicio físico, los servicios ofrecidos y la infraestructura y equipamiento de las instalaciones. Se realizó un muestreo por rutas aleatorias para valorar la muestra, que estuvo formada por 33 centros deportivos de la ciudad de Murcia cuyo servicio principal fuese una sala fitness. Las variables de estudio se establecieron en base a tres dimensiones: prescripción del ejercicio físico, servicios e (..) (AU)
An individualized systematic control of physical exercise and an accurate equipment for the physical activity become indicators of quality in the fitness industry. The aim of this study was to determine the fitness centers quality of the city of Murcia according (..) (AU)
Subject(s)
Sports/trends , Infrastructure , Physical Conditioning, Human , Exercise Therapy/instrumentation , Exercise Movement Techniques/instrumentationABSTRACT
El objetivo de este estudio fue conocer las adaptaciones encomposición corporal, fuerza máxima y resistencia muscularlocal de un programa de entrenamiento de fuerza encircuito intermitente con sobrecargas.Método: Se seleccionaron 8 varones jóvenes entrenadosen musculación (24,07 ± 3,12 años, 77,96 ± 7,5 kg, 173 ±0,2 cm y 14,50 ± 2,00 meses de experiencia). Todos lossujetos firmaron un consentimiento por escrito de participación.Se realizó una valoración antropométrica, 10 testsde una repetición máxima (1RM) y un test de resistenciamuscular local. Posteriormente se llevó a cabo un programade entrenamiento de fuerza de 8 semanas de duración conla característica de ser en circuito intermitente con sobrecargas,3 veces por semana, entre el 62 y el 72% de 1RM.Pasado este tiempo se realizó una valoración final con lasmismas características de la valoración inicial.Resultados: Los resultados mostraron una disminución enlos porcentajes de grasa corporal en torno al 9,46%, mejorasen fuerza máxima en torno al 3-31% según el grupomuscular, y un aumento en la resistencia muscular local del1,42%.Conclusiones: El entrenamiento en circuito intermitentecon sobrecargas tras 8 semanas de duración ofrece adaptacionesa nivel de composición corporal, de fuerza máximay resistencia muscular local para sujetos entrenados. Aunquese requieren estudios con muestras más amplias, sepresenta como una alternativa de metodología dentro de lasala de musculación(AU)
The aim of this study was to know the adjustments in corporalcomposition, maximum force and muscular local resistanceof a program of training of force in intermittentcircuit with overcharges.Method: Eight young males trained in resistance (24,07 ±3,12 years, 77,96 +7,5 kg, 173 ± 0,2 cm and 14,50 ± 2,00months of experience) were selected. All the subjectssigned an assent in writing of participation in the same one.Characteristic anthropometric, 10 tests of 1RM and onetest of muscular local resistance was realized. Later, therewas carried out a program of resistance training of 8 weeksof duration by the characteristic of being in intermittentcircuit with overcharges, 3 times per week, between 62%-72 % of 1RM. A final valuation with the same characteristicsof the initial valuation was realized.Results: The results showed a decrease in the percentagesof corporal fat of 9,46%, improvements in maximumstrength about 3%-31% and an increase in the muscular localresistance of 1,42%.Conclusions: The training in intermittent circuit withovercharges after 8 weeks of duration offers adjustmentsto level of corporal composition, of maximum strength andmuscular local resistance for trained subjects(AU)
