ABSTRACT
The hypothesis that stress in families increases as a child with developmental delays grows older was evaluated. Mothers with children ranging in age from 2 to 18 years were assigned to a preschool, middle childhood, or adolescent group and asked to complete the Parenting Stress Index (PSI). Results indicated that Child Domain scores were high for all groups, but Parent Domain scores were within normal limits. The middle childhood group was consistently higher in both domains than either the younger or older groups. Degree of handicap was not associated with mothers' stress in the preschool group, but was related to PSI scores for both other groups. Behavior problems were highly correlated with maternal stress for the middle childhood and adolescent groups (data not available for preschool group).
Subject(s)
Adaptation, Psychological , Cost of Illness , Intellectual Disability/psychology , Mothers/psychology , Activities of Daily Living/psychology , Age Factors , Child , Child, Preschool , Education of Intellectually Disabled , Female , Humans , MaleABSTRACT
The Double ABCX model of family stress and coping was evaluated using path analysis to determine the causal ordering of variables in 86 families raising children with mental retardation. The families' use of resources (B) and their perception of the stressor event (C) were examined to determine their relation to the stressor (A) and the stress experiences (X). The causal ordering of the model suggested an ACBX relation rather than an ABCX relation. Results were discussed in terms of the consistency of these findings with two models of clinical intervention.
Subject(s)
Adaptation, Psychological , Family , Home Nursing/psychology , Intellectual Disability/psychology , Models, Psychological , Stress, Psychological/complications , Adolescent , Adult , Child , Female , Humans , Intellectual Disability/rehabilitation , Life Change Events , Male , Personality Tests , Problem SolvingSubject(s)
Dyslexia/psychology , Child , Concept Formation , Female , Humans , Language , Male , Motor Skills , Perception , Sex FactorsABSTRACT
The perception of feelings within the family of 9-13-year-old boys were studied. The purpose was to determine the sensitivity of the Family Relations Test (FRT) in discriminating between inpatients, outpatients, and normal controls. Both patient groups more frequently identified family members as sources of negative feelings than normal controls. Inpatients expressed more self-flattery and self-criticism and an absence of a reciprocal, positive relationship with their fathers. The FRT is only able to make a few quantitative differentiations between a clinical and a normal sample of boys but certain qualitative aspects of the responses were particularly noteworthy.
Subject(s)
Affective Symptoms , Emotions , Family , Social Perception , Adolescent , Child , Child, Institutionalized , Family Characteristics , Father-Child Relations , Humans , Male , Self ConceptABSTRACT
The purpose of this study was to determine the relative predictive accuracy of a number of measures employed in a 4-year longitudinal study of the neuropsychological abilities of normal and retarded readers. The results indicated that there were some very accurate predictive measures of reading and spelling achievement levels over the 4-year age span studied, and that the relative accuracy of these measures differed markedly for normal and retarded readers. Especially in the case of retarded readers, performance of the Underlining Test was a much more accurate predictor of eventual achievement levels in reading and spelling than were tests of reading, spelling, or psychometric intelligence.
