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BACKGROUND: Low muscle mass quantity/quality is needed to confirm sarcopenia diagnosis; however, no validated cut-off points exist. This study aimed to determine the diagnostic accuracy of sarcopenia through muscle mass quantity/quality parameters, using the bioimpedance analysis (BIA), isokinetic, and ultrasound tools in probable sarcopenic community-dwelling older adults (≥60 years). Also, it aimed to suggest possible new cut-off points to confirm sarcopenia diagnosis. METHODS: A cross-sectional exploratory analysis study was performed with probable sarcopenic and non-sarcopenic older adults. BIA, isokinetic, and ultrasound parameters were evaluated. The protocol was registered on ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT05485402). RESULTS: A total of 50 individuals were included, 38 with probable sarcopenia (69.63 ± 4.14 years; 7 men and 31 women) and 12 non-sarcopenic (67.58 ± 4.54 years; 7 men and 5 women). The phase angle (cut-off: 5.10° men, p = 0.003; 4.95° women, p < 0.001), peak torque (cut-off: 66.75 Newtons-meters (N-m) men, p < 0.001; 48.35 N-m women, p < 0.001), total work (cut-off: 64.00 Joules (J) men, p = 0.007; 54.70 J women, p = 0.001), and mean power (cut-off: 87.8 Watts (W) men, p = 0.003; 48.95 W women, p = 0.008) in leg extension, as well as the the forearm muscle thickness (cut-off: 1.41 cm (cm) men, p = 0.017; 0.94 cm women, p = 0.041), had great diagnostic accuracy in both sexes. CONCLUSIONS: The phase angle, peak torque, total work, and mean power in leg extension, as well as forearm muscle thickness, had great diagnostic accuracy in regard to sarcopenia, and the suggested cut-off points could lead to the confirmation of sarcopenia diagnosis, but more studies are needed to confirm this.
Subject(s)
Electric Impedance , Muscle Strength , Muscle, Skeletal , Sarcopenia , Ultrasonography , Humans , Sarcopenia/diagnosis , Male , Aged , Female , Cross-Sectional Studies , Muscle, Skeletal/diagnostic imaging , Muscle, Skeletal/physiopathology , Ultrasonography/methods , Geriatric Assessment/methods , Middle Aged , Body Composition , Independent LivingABSTRACT
<b><br>Introduction:</b> Although PET/CT is effective for staging HNSCC, its impact on patient management is somewhat controversial. For this reason, we considered it necessary to carry out a study in order to verify whether PET/CT helps to improve the prognosis and treatment in patients. This study was designed to address the impact of PET-FDG imaging when used alongside CT in the staging and therapeutic management of patients with HNSCC.</br> <b><br>Material and methods:</b> Data was collected from 169 patients diagnosed with HNSCC with both CT and PET/CT (performed within a maximum of 30 days of each other). It was evaluated whether discrepancies in the diagnosis of the two imaging tests had impacted the treatment.</br> <b><br>Results:</b> The combined use of CT and PET/CT led to a change in the treatment of 67 patients, who represented 39.7% of the sample. In 27.2% of cases, it entailed a change in the type of treatment which the patient received. In 3.0% of the cases, using both diagnostic tests led to modifications of the therapeutic intention of our patients.</br> <b><br>Conclusions:</b> Using PET/CT in addition to the conventional imaging method in staging resulted in more successful staging and more appropriate therapeutic decision-making.</br>.
Subject(s)
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell , Head and Neck Neoplasms , Humans , Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck/diagnostic imaging , Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck/therapy , Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography/methods , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/diagnostic imaging , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/therapy , Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 , Head and Neck Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Head and Neck Neoplasms/therapy , Neoplasm StagingABSTRACT
Generating transgenic hairy roots has been the preferred strategy for molecular studies in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), since generating stable knockout lines in this species is challenging. However, the number of plants producing hairy roots following the original protocol published in 2007 is usually low, which has impeded progress. Since its initial publication, the original protocol has been extensively modified, but these modifications have not been adequately or systematically reported, making it difficult to assess the reproducibility of the method. The protocol presented here is an update and expansion of the original method. Importantly, it includes new, critical steps for generating transgenic hairy roots and using them in molecular analyses based on reverse-genetics approaches. Using this protocol, the expression of two different genes, used as an example, was significantly increased or decreased in approximately 30% of the transformed plants. In addition, the promoter activity of a given gene was observed, and the infection process of rhizobia in transgenic hairy roots was monitored successfully. Thus, this improved protocol can be used to upregulate, downregulate, and perform promoter activity analysis of various genes in common bean transgenic hairy roots as well as to track rhizobia infection.
Subject(s)
Phaseolus , Rhizobium , Phaseolus/genetics , Reproducibility of Results , Plant Roots/genetics , Plant Roots/metabolism , Rhizobium/genetics , Promoter Regions, Genetic , Plants, Genetically Modified/geneticsABSTRACT
Bacterial isolated from rhizospheric soil associated with the semi-desertic plant Coronilla juncea L. were screened for 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase (ACCD) activity, a common trait for plant-growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR). Among bacterial isolates, strain DBA51 showed phosphate solubilizing index (PSI), producing indole acetic acid (IAA), and with the hemolysis-negative test. Sequencing and analysis of the 16S rDNA gene identified DBA51 as Enterobacter. DBA51 did not show antagonistic activity in vitro against bacterial (Clavibacter michiganensis, Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 and Pectobacterium cacticidum FHLGJ22) and fungal phytopathogens (Alternaria sp., Fusarium oxysporum fsp. lycopersici, Fusarium oxysporum fsp. cubense M5, and Rhizoctonia sp.). Root inoculations with DBA51 in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) and tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) plants were performed under greenhouse conditions. Plant height (20 %) and root biomass (40 %) were significantly enhanced in tomato plants inoculated with DBA51 compared to non-inoculated plants, although for tobacco plants, only root biomass (27 %) showed significant differences with DBA51. In addition, physiological parameters such as photosynthetic rate (µmol CO2 m-2 s-1), stomatal conductance (mol H2O m-2 s-1), and transpiration rate (mmol H2O m-2 s-1) were also evaluated, and no differences were detected between DBA51-inoculated and control treatment in tomato and tobacco leaves. The observed results indicate that the DBA51 strain could be used as a biofertilizer to improve yields of horticultural crops.
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The objective was to evaluate the Modified Early Warning Score in patients hospitalized for COVID-19 plus chronic disease. METHODS: Retrospective observational study, 430 hospitalized patients with COVID-19 and chronic disease. Instrument, Modified Early Warning Score (MEWS). Data analysis, with Cox and logistic regression, to predict survival and risk. RESULTS: Of 430 patients, 58.6% survived, and 41.4% did not. The risk was: low 53.5%, medium 23.7%, and high 22.8%. The MEWS score was similar between survivors 3.02, p 0.373 (95% CI: -0.225-0.597) and non-survivors 3.20 (95% CI: -0.224-0.597). There is a linear relationship between MEWS and mortality risk R 0.920, ANOVA 0.000, constant 4.713, and coefficient 4.406. The Cox Regression p 0.011, with a risk of deterioration of 0.325, with a positive coefficient, the higher the risk, the higher the mortality, while the invasive mechanical ventilation coefficient was negative -0.757. By providing oxygen and ventilation, mortality is lower. CONCLUSIONS: The predictive value of the modified early warning score in patients hospitalized for COVID-19 and chronic disease is not predictive with the MEWS scale. Additional assessment is required to prevent complications, especially when patients are assessed as low-risk.
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Introduction: The health emergency caused by COVID-19 has led to substantial changes in the usual working system of primary healthcare centers and in relations with users. The Catalan Society of Family and Community Medicine designed a survey that aimed to collect the opinions and facilitate the participation of its partners on what the future work model of general practitioners (GPs) should look like post-COVID-19. Methodology: Online survey of Family and Community Medicine members consisting of filiation data, 22 Likert-type multiple-choice questions grouped in five thematic axes, and a free text question. Results: The number of respondents to the questionnaire was 1051 (22.6% of all members): 83.2% said they spent excessive time on bureaucratic tasks; 91.8% were against call center systems; 66% believed that home care is the responsibility of every family doctor; 77.5% supported continuity of care as a fundamental value of patient-centered care; and >90% defended the contracting of complementary tests and first hospital visits from primary healthcare (PHC). Conclusions: The survey responses describe a strong consensus on the identity and competencies of the GP and on the needs of and the threats to the PHC system. The demand for an increase in health resources, greater professional leadership, elimination of bureaucracy, an increase in the number of health professionals, and greater management autonomy, are the axes towards which a new era in PHC should be directed.
Subject(s)
COVID-19 , General Practitioners , Humans , COVID-19/epidemiology , Delivery of Health Care , Surveys and Questionnaires , Physicians, FamilyABSTRACT
Introduction: The internet is emerging as a source of information for patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, it is not always reliable and may cause anxiety. We aim to assess patients' information habits and patients' and professionals' perceptions of a national website integrated as an educational resource for the IBD unit. Methods: Patients aged 18-65 years, comfortable with the internet, and attending follow-ups at participating IBD units (March-June 2019) and their professionals were invited to evaluate a recommended website through an online survey. Results: Three hundred eighty-nine patients and 95 professionals completed the survey. The internet (n = 109; 27.4%) was the second preferred source of information after the health care team (n = 229; 57.5%). Eighty percent of patients searched the internet for information on their disease and 28.6% did so at least once a week (n = 114), especially newly diagnosed ones (<2 years). Patients valued a website recommended by their professional (n = 379; 95.2%) and endorsed by the National Working Group (n = 377; 94.7%). They would attend online educational initiatives on the website (n = 279; 70.1%) and complete periodical surveys to improve its usefulness (n = 338; 84.9%). According to IBD professionals, this type of website is the best patient source of supplementary information (n = 76; 80%) and they "prescribe" it to most patients (67.0 ± 25.2%), especially the newly diagnosed patients (52.7 ± 26.5%). It effectively integrates routine face-to-face education (n = 95; 100%). Conclusions: Patients of IBD units, especially newly diagnosed ones, appreciate a trusted e-Health resource to back up professional information. The favorable opinion of patients and professionals will allow its use in training interventions.
Subject(s)
Education, Distance , Inflammatory Bowel Diseases , Humans , Surveys and Questionnaires , Inflammatory Bowel Diseases/therapy , InternetABSTRACT
Abstract Objective: The aim of this study is to find out if a single imaging test is enough to follow-up on an oncological post-treatment patient. In such a case, we would know which was more valuable after comparing the two, by CT or PET-CT. Methods: Between January 2012 and July 2018, we collected data from all patients with previous medical history who were treated with a head and neck squamous cell carcinoma in our hospital, through surgery or by using an organ preservation protocol which we had done. Patients were required to have a CT and a PET-CT performed in a maximum period of 30 days between techniques. We compared the post post-treatment stage given to each case by using only the physical examination (only the CT and the PET-CT), with the ones given by the Tumor Board. After treatment, we analysed the similarity through Cramer's V statistic test. Results: We performed a comparative analysis, obtaining a correlation of 0.426 between the stages given by the Tumor Board and the one assigned based on physical examination, without imaging techniques. By only using the computed tomography as an imaging method the correlation was 0.565, whereas with only the use of positron emission computed technology, it was estimated at 0.858. When we compared the statistical association between stages using exclusively one of the two imaging techniques, the correlation was 0.451. Conclusion: Independent of the modality, we have demonstrated that in patients who have received previous treatment, there was a higher correlation in the stages with respect to the diagnostic method conducted by the Tumor Board using PET-CT as the sole image. Level of evidence: Level 1.
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INTRODUCTION: Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the vocal cord in stages I or II can be treated with radiotherapy (RT) or transoral CO2 laser microsurgery (TLM), with good oncological results. OBJECTIVES: To study the survival of patients with SCC of the vocal cord in early stages, treated with RT or TLM, in a tertiary hospital. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Disease-free survival (DFS), specific survival (SS), and overall survival (OS) were studied in patients diagnosed with stage I and II SCC of the vocal cord, for a span of 10 years of follow-up, based on sociodemographic characteristics of the patient and the primary treatment (TLM or RT). RESULTS: Both treatments achieved good survival rates. However, long-term SS was greater in patients treated with TLM compared to those treated with RT (91.7% vs. 50%, respectively, p = .001). In addition, patients treated with TLM presented a higher OS in the short term than those treated with RT (99.0% vs. 89.1%, respectively. p = .004). CONCLUSIONS AND SIGNIFICANCE: Primary treatment with TLM obtained better results than RT in the survival of patients with SCC of the vocal cord in the early stages.
Subject(s)
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell , Laryngeal Neoplasms , Laser Therapy , Carbon Dioxide , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/pathology , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/surgery , Disease-Free Survival , Glottis/pathology , Glottis/surgery , Humans , Laryngeal Neoplasms/pathology , Laryngeal Neoplasms/surgery , Laser Therapy/methods , Microsurgery/methods , Neoplasm Staging , Retrospective Studies , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to find out if a single imaging test is enough to follow-up on an oncological post-treatment patient. In such a case, we would know which was more valuable after comparing the two, by CT or PET-CT. METHODS: Between January 2012 and July 2018, we collected data from all patients with previous medical history who were treated with a head and neck squamous cell carcinoma in our hospital, through surgery or by using an organ preservation protocol which we had done. Patients were required to have a CT and a PET-CT performed in a maximum period of 30 days between techniques. We compared the post post-treatment stage given to each case by using only the physical examination (only the CT and the PET-CT), with the ones given by the Tumor Board. After treatment, we analysed the similarity through Cramer's V statistic test. RESULTS: We performed a comparative analysis, obtaining a correlation of 0.426 between the stages given by the Tumor Board and the one assigned based on physical examination, without imaging techniques. By only using the computed tomography as an imaging method the correlation was 0.565, whereas with only the use of positron emission computed technology, it was estimated at 0.858. When we compared the statistical association between stages using exclusively one of the two imaging techniques, the correlation was 0.451. CONCLUSION: Independent of the modality, we have demonstrated that in patients who have received previous treatment, there was a higher correlation in the stages with respect to the diagnostic method conducted by the Tumor Board using PET-CT as the sole image. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level 1.
Subject(s)
Head and Neck Neoplasms , Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography , Humans , Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography/methods , Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck/diagnostic imaging , Head and Neck Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Head and Neck Neoplasms/therapy , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Neoplasm Staging , RadiopharmaceuticalsABSTRACT
Abstract Introduction: Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma is the seventh most common malignant tumor. The advances in treatment have improved the global survival rates in the past years, although the prognosis is still grave. Objective: The aim of the present study is to evaluate the correlation between positron emission computed tomography and computed tomography at the time of staging a previously untreated head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, and to determine which of the two imaging techniques gives us more information at the time of initial diagnosis. Methods: Data from all patients diagnosed in our hospital of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma by a biopsy of any location or unknown primary tumor was collected, between January 2012 and July 2017. In all cases, computed tomography and positron emission computed tomography were performed with a maximum of 30 days difference between them and patients had not received any prior treatment to staging. The stage given to each case was compared based solely on the physical examination, only on the computed tomography/positron emission computed tomography, with respect to the stage given by the tumor board, observing the concordance obtained through Cramer's V statistical test. Results: We performed a comparative analysis obtaining a correlation of 0.729 between the stage given by the tumor board and the one assigned based on the physical examination without imaging techniques. When only using computed tomography as an imaging method, the correlation was 0.848, whereas with only the use of positron emission computed tomography it was estimated at 0.957. When comparing the statistical association between staging using exclusively one of the two imaging techniques, correlation was 0.855. Conclusion: Positron emission computed tomography is useful for the diagnosis of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, improving the patient's staging especially when detecting cervical and distant metastases. Therefore, we consider that the use of positron emission computed tomography for the staging of patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma is a diagnostic test to be considered.
Resumo Introdução: O carcinoma espinocelular de cabeça e pescoço é o sétimo tumor maligno mais comum. Os avanços no tratamento melhoraram as taxas de sobrevida global nos últimos anos, embora o prognóstico ainda seja grave. Objetivo: Avaliar a correlação entre a tomografia computadorizada por emissão de pósitrons e a tomografia computadorizada no estadiamento de carcinomas espinocelulares da cabeça e pescoço não tratados previamente e verificar qual das duas técnicas de imagem nos fornece mais informações no momento do diagnóstico inicial. Método: Os dados de todos os pacientes diagnosticados em nosso hospital com carcinoma espinocelular de cabeça e pescoço por biópsia de qualquer região ou adenopatias de origem desconhecida foram colhidos no período entre janeiro de 2012 e julho de 2017. Em todos os casos, uma tomografia computadorizada e uma tomografia computadorizada por emissão de pósitrons foram realizadas com um máximo de 30 dias de diferença entre elas. Nenhum paciente deveria ter recebido tratamento antes do estadiamento. O estadiamento atribuído a cada caso foi comparado com base apenas no exame físico, pela tomografia computadorizada ou apenas pela tomografia computadorizada por emissão de pósitrons, com relação ao estadiamento concedido pela margem tumoral, observou-se a concordância obtida pelo teste estatístico de V de Cramer. Resultado: Realizamos a análise comparativa obtendo uma correlação de 0,729 entre o estadio concedido pela margem tumoral e aquele atribuído com base no exame físico sem técnicas de imagem. Usando apenas a tomografia computadorizada como método de imagem, a correlação foi de 0,848, enquanto que a correlação com a tomografia computadorizada por emissão de pósitrons foi estimada em 0,957. Ao comparar a associação estatística entre o estadiamento usando exclusivamente uma das duas técnicas de imagem, foi de 0,855. Conclusão: Tomografia computadorizada por emissão de pósitrons é útil para o diagnóstico de carcinoma espinocelular de cabeça e pescoço, melhora o estadiamento, especialmente na detecção de metástases cervicais e à distância. Portanto, concluimos que seu uso para o estadiamento de pacientes com carcinoma espinocelular de cabeça e pescoço é um exame diagnóstico a ser considerado.
Subject(s)
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/pathology , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/therapy , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/diagnostic imaging , Head and Neck Neoplasms/therapy , Head and Neck Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Sensitivity and Specificity , Radiopharmaceuticals , Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 , Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography , Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck/diagnostic imaging , Neoplasm StagingABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma is the seventh most common malignant tumor. The advances in treatment have improved the global survival rates in the past years, although the prognosis is still grave. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study is to evaluate the correlation between positron emission computed tomography and computed tomography at the time of staging a previously untreated head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, and to determine which of the two imaging techniques gives us more information at the time of initial diagnosis. METHODS: Data from all patients diagnosed in our hospital of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma by a biopsy of any location or unknown primary tumor was collected, between January 2012 and July 2017. In all cases, computed tomography and positron emission computed tomography were performed with a maximum of 30 days difference between them and patients had not received any prior treatment to staging. The stage given to each case was compared based solely on the physical examination, only on the computed tomography/positron emission computed tomography, with respect to the stage given by the tumor board, observing the concordance obtained through Cramer's V statistical test. RESULTS: We performed a comparative analysis obtaining a correlation of 0.729 between the stage given by the tumor board and the one assigned based on the physical examination without imaging techniques. When only using computed tomography as an imaging method, the correlation was 0.848, whereas with only the use of positron emission computed tomography it was estimated at 0.957. When comparing the statistical association between staging using exclusively one of the two imaging techniques, correlation was 0.855. CONCLUSION: Positron emission computed tomography is useful for the diagnosis of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, improving the patient's staging especially when detecting cervical and distant metastases. Therefore, we consider that the use of positron emission computed tomography for the staging of patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma is a diagnostic test to be considered.
Subject(s)
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell , Head and Neck Neoplasms , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/diagnostic imaging , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/pathology , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/therapy , Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 , Head and Neck Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Head and Neck Neoplasms/therapy , Humans , Neoplasm Staging , Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography , Radiopharmaceuticals , Sensitivity and Specificity , Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck/diagnostic imaging , Tomography, X-Ray ComputedABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To assess the sustained and acute effects, as well as the influence of sustained consumption on the acute effects, of orange juice (OJ) with a natural hesperidin content and hesperidin-enriched OJ (EOJ) on blood (BP) and pulse (PP) pressures in pre- and stage-1 hypertensive individuals. METHODS: In a randomized, parallel, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, participants (n = 159) received 500 mL/day of control drink, OJ, or EOJ for 12 weeks. Two dose-response studies were performed at baseline and after 12 weeks. RESULTS: A single EOJ dose (500 mL) reduced systolic BP (SBP) and PP, with greater changes after sustained treatment where a decrease in diastolic BP (DBP) also occurred (P < 0.05). SBP and PP decreased in a dose-dependent manner relative to the hesperidin content of the beverages throughout the 12 weeks (P < 0.05). OJ and EOJ decreased homocysteine levels at 12 weeks versus the control drink (P < 0.05). After 12 weeks of EOJ consumption, four genes related to hypertension (PTX3, NLRP3, NPSR1 and NAMPT) were differentially expressed in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Hesperidin in OJ reduces SBP and PP after sustained consumption, and after a single dose, the chronic consumption of EOJ enhances its postprandial effect. Decreases in systemic and transcriptomic biomarkers were concomitant with BP and PP changes. EOJ could be a useful co-adjuvant tool for BP and PP management in pre- and stage-1 hypertensive individuals.
Subject(s)
Citrus sinensis , Citrus , Hesperidin , Hypertension , Blood Pressure , Double-Blind Method , Humans , Hypertension/drug therapy , Leukocytes, Mononuclear , Receptors, G-Protein-CoupledABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Glottic squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in stages I or II can be treated by transoral CO2 laser microsurgery (TLM) or exclusive radiotherapy (RT). OBJECTIVES: To compare the oncological results of patients treated with TLM, to those treated with RT, in a tertiary hospital. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Data from patients diagnosed with glottic SCC in stages I and II between 2004 and 2018 were analyzed. Response to treatment was studied in terms of recurrence, local control and laryngeal preservation. RESULTS: Of 164 patients, 63.41% received treatment with TLM and 36.58% with RT. 26.21% presented a recurrence or progression of the tumor. Both treatments obtained good local control rates (84.15% in the case of TLM and 89.6% in the case of RT) and no significant association was found between tumor recurrence and type of treatment, nor with the involvement of the anterior commissure. However, treatment with RT obtained worse laryngeal preservation rate compared to TLM (81.6% and 100% respectively) (p < .001LR). Conclusions and significance: Both treatments obtained good oncological results. There were no significant differences regarding local control. However, TLM obtained a better laryngeal preservation rate. The involvement of the anterior commissure was not a poor prognosis factor for tumor recurrence.
Subject(s)
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/radiotherapy , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/surgery , Glottis/surgery , Laryngeal Neoplasms/radiotherapy , Laryngeal Neoplasms/surgery , Laser Therapy , Microsurgery , Female , Humans , Male , Microsurgery/methods , Middle Aged , Neoplasm Staging , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
Actin plays a critical role in the rhizobium-legume symbiosis. Cytoskeletal rearrangements and changes in actin occur in response to Nod factors secreted by rhizobia during symbiotic interactions with legumes. These cytoskeletal rearrangements are mediated by diverse actin-binding proteins, such as actin depolymerization factors (ADFs). We examined the function of an ADF in the Phaseolus vulgaris-rhizobia symbiotic interaction (PvADFE). PvADFE was preferentially expressed in rhizobia-inoculated roots and nodules. PvADFE promoter activity was associated with root hairs harbouring growing infection threads, cortical cell divisions beneath root hairs, and vascular bundles in mature nodules. Silencing of PvADFE using RNA interference increased the number of infection threads in the transgenic roots, resulting in increased nodule number, nitrogen fixation activity, and average nodule diameter. Conversely, overexpression of PvADFE reduced the nodule number, nitrogen fixation activity, average nodule diameter, as well as NODULE INCEPTION (NIN) and EARLY NODULIN2 (ENOD2) transcript accumulation. Hence, changes in ADFE transcript levels affect rhizobial infection and nodulation, suggesting that ADFE is fine-tuning these processes.
Subject(s)
Actin Depolymerizing Factors/metabolism , Phaseolus/metabolism , Plant Proteins/metabolism , Rhizobium/metabolism , Actin Depolymerizing Factors/genetics , Nitrogen Fixation , Phaseolus/genetics , Phaseolus/microbiology , Plant Proteins/genetics , Rhizobium/geneticsABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Metabolic syndrome (MS) is defined by the clustering of specific metabolic disorders in one subject. MS is highly prevalent globally and currently considered a growing public health concern. MS comprises obesity, hypertension, dyslipidaemia and insulin resistance. Mechanisms linking MS with cancer are poorly understood, and it is as yet unknown if MS confers a greater risk than the risk entailed by each of its separate components. The main objective of this study is to compare the association between MS and 14 site-specific cancer against the association between one or two individual components of MS and cancer. The secondary objective is to evaluate the time elapsed since the diagnosis of MS and the subsequent onset of cancer within the 2006-2017 period by sex. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: A case-control study will be conducted for the main objective and a cohort of patients with MS will be followed for the evaluation of the second objective. Incident cases of fourteen types of cancer in patients ≥40 years of age diagnosed prospectively will be selected from electronic primary care records in the Information System for Research in Primary Care (SIDIAP database; www.sidiap.org). The SIDIAP database includes anonymous data from 6 million people (80% of the Catalan population) registered in 286 primary healthcare centres. Each matched control (four controls for each case) will have the same inclusion date, the same sex and age (±1 year) than the paired case. Logistic regression and a descriptive analysis and Kaplan-Meier analysis will be performed, in accordance with the objectives. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: The protocol of the study was approved by the IDIAP Jordi Gol Clinical Research Ethics Committee (protocol P17/212). The study's findings will be published in a peer-reviewed journal and disseminated at national and international conferences and oral presentations to researchers, clinicians and policy makers.
Subject(s)
Clinical Protocols , Metabolic Syndrome/complications , Neoplasms/etiology , Primary Health Care , Case-Control Studies , Humans , Risk Factors , SpainABSTRACT
La enfermedad relacionada con IgG4 (ER-IgG4) es un proceso patológico que ha unificado un gran número de enfermedades consideradas como propias de distintos órganos cuya etiopatogenia se desconocía. Su diagnóstico se establece mediante criterios histológicos, radiológicos y serológicos. El tratamiento se basa en corticoides durante tiempo prolongado, reservándose el uso de rituximab para casos refractarios. Es extremadamente inusual que esta entidad asiente solo en cabeza y cuello sin afectación sistémica, por lo que hay pocos casos como el que presentamos descritos en la literatura. Exponemos el caso de una paciente con una tumoración orbitaria con afectación de senos paranasales, diagnosticada de ER-IgG4 nasosinusal. La precisión del diagnóstico propició el inicio precoz de tratamiento corticoideo. En la actualidad la paciente se encuentra asintomática
IgG4 related disease (igG4-RD) is a pathological process which integrates a large number of diseases of unknown pathogenesis, considered as being exclusive to many different organs. Diagnosis is established through histological, radiological and serological criteria. Treatment is based on long term corticosteroids; rituximab being used only in refractory cases. It is unusual for this entity to be found exclusively in the head and neck, without systemic involvement; there are only a few reported cases to date. We present a case of a nasosinusal IgG4-RD orbital tumor with paranasal sinus involvement. The accurate diagnosis made early onset corticosteroid treatment possible and the patient is currently asymptomatic
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Aged , Immunoglobulin G4-Related Disease/pathology , Paranasal Sinus Neoplasms/pathology , Orbital Neoplasms/pathology , Fibrosis/pathology , Neoplasm Invasiveness/pathology , Incidental FindingsABSTRACT
IgG4 related disease (igG4-RD) is a pathological process which integrates a large number of diseases of unknown pathogenesis, considered as being exclusive to many different organs. Diagnosis is established through histological, radiological and serological criteria. Treatment is based on long term corticosteroids; rituximab being used only in refractory cases. It is unusual for this entity to be found exclusively in the head and neck, without systemic involvement; there are only a few reported cases to date. We present a case of a nasosinusal IgG4-RD orbital tumor with paranasal sinus involvement. The accurate diagnosis made early onset corticosteroid treatment possible and the patient is currently asymptomatic.
Subject(s)
Immunoglobulin G4-Related Disease/pathology , Paranasal Sinus Diseases/pathology , Aged , Female , HumansABSTRACT
En los procedimientos quirúrgicos de tiroides y paratiroides es indispensable una buena exposición de la glándula tiroidea, lo cual se realiza habitualmente mediante suturas de tracción de los colgajos dermoplatismales a los paños del campo operatorio, lo que produce tensión e incluso daños en la piel. El anillo retractor Alexis® mejora la exposición y facilita el acceso a la celda tiroidea de forma estable, protegiendo la piel de lesiones durante la intervención
In thyroid and parathyroid surgical procedures, good visibility of the thyroid gland is essential. This is traditionally achieved by means of traction sutures of the dermo-plastysmal flaps to the drapes of the operative field, producing tension and even damage to the skin. The Alexis® retractor ring improves exposure and facilitates stable access to the thyroid, protecting the skin from injury during the intervention
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Thyroid Gland/surgery , Parathyroid Glands/surgery , Sutures/classification , Thyroidectomy , Surgical Flaps , Protective Devices , Middle Aged , Fasciotomy , Surgical Wound/surgeryABSTRACT
In thyroid and parathyroid surgical procedures, good visibility of the thyroid gland is essential. This is traditionally achieved by means of traction sutures of the dermo-plastysmal flaps to the drapes of the operative field, producing tension and even damage to the skin. The Alexis® retractor ring improves exposure and facilitates stable access to the thyroid, protecting the skin from injury during the intervention.