Anatomical variations and accessory structures in the maxilla in relation to implantological procedures: an observational retrospective study of 212 cases using cone-bean computed tomography.

PURPOSE: This study used cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) to analyze the prevalence of several maxillary anatomical/accessory structures, as well as variations within each type, assessing how accurate diagnosis can minimize the risk of intraoperative complications during implantological procedures in the oral cavity. METHODS: 212 CBCT scans of the maxilla were analyzed, captured over a period of 18 months for surgical planning purposes. The prevalence of posterior superior alveolar arteries (PSAA), maxillary sinus septa (MSS), and branches of the canalis sinuosus (CS) were evaluated, as were the diameter and location of each anatomical structure in horizontal and vertical planes. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS: PSAAs were observed in 99.1% of cases, the intrasinus type being the most frequent; MSS were noted in 15.6% of the sample, mainly in the posterior region with sagittal orientation; CS branches were observed in 50% of patients, mainly in relation to the incisors and significantly more prevalent among males. CONCLUSIONS: The use of CBCT significantly increases the possibility of clearly identifying these anatomical structures. The differences found between patients highlight the importance of carrying out an exhaustive radiological study of the individual to prevent complications, such as Schneiderian membrane perforation, neurovascular damage or bleeding during surgery.

Skeletal and Dental Morphological Characteristics of the Maxillary in Patients with Impacted Canines Using Cone Beam Computed Tomography: A Retrospective Clinical Study.

The aim of this study is to analyze the skeletal and dentoalveolar morphological characteristics of the maxillary in subjects with a unilateral palatally impacted canine using Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT). A retrospective clinical study was conducted of 100 adult patients divided into two groups: one consisting of patients with a unilaterally palatally impacted maxillary canine (GI), with the subgroups in the right and left hemiarches (GI-R and GI-L), and the second, without impacted canine, as the control group (CG). The CBCT measured skeletal variables (maxillary basal width and alveolar crest height) and dentoalveolar variables (inclination of the upper incisor, tooth lengths of incisors and canines, arch length, tooth size and bone dental discrepancy). In skeletal variables, statistically significant differences were found in alveolar crest height (ACH) in all groups and subgroups (p < 0.01). In the dentoalveolar variables, there were differences in the angle of the upper incisor (II) and lateral incisor length (LLIL) between the GI and GC and the angle of the upper incisor (II'), arch length (AL') and arch length-tooth size discrepancy (ATD') among the GI subgroups (p < 0.01). There are skeletal and dentoalveolar differences in patients with unilateral palatally impacted maxillary canines, with lower angular and linear measurements compared with patients without impaction.

Prevención de defectos periodontales tras la exodoncia de terceros molares inferiores con injerto de dentina autógena: evaluación a 6 meses de un caso clínico / Prevention of periodontal defects after lower third molar surgery with autogenous dentin graft: 6 month evaluation of a clinical case

INTRODUCCIÓN: El defecto periodontal localizado en la cara distal del segundo molar inferior es una complicación asociada al tercer molar inferior en posición horizontal o mesioangular. El tratamiento quirúrgico de estos terceros molares inferiores retenidos se acompaña del desbridamiento de la cara distal del segundo molar, no siendo esto suficiente para devolver la salud periodontal en esta zona. Por tanto, son muchos los autores que recomiendan la regeneración ósea guiada para conseguir una recuperación periodontal completa. CASO CLÍNICO: Se presenta un caso clínico de una mujer de 27 años de edad, sin antecedentes médico-quirúrgicos de interés, que acudió al Servicio de Cirugía Bucal e Implantología de la Facultad de Odontología de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid para la exodoncia de los terceros molares inferiores. Una vez realizada la Historia Clínica, se le realizó la exodoncia del tercer molar inferior izquierdo en posición horizontal con regeneración con dentina autógena, y el tercer molar inferior derecho de manera convencional, haciendo un seguimiento de 6 meses para comparar la evolución de ambos lados. CONCLUSIONES: la dentina autógena puede ayudar a la reducción de los defectos periodontales post exodoncia sobre el segundo molar tras la extracción de terceros molares inferiores mal posicionados

INTRODUCTION: periodontal defect localized in the distal surface of lower second molar is a complication associated to lower third molars in a horizontal or mesioangular position. Surgical treatment of these third molars is helped with debridement of second molar distal surface, not being this option enough to restore periodontal health. So, many authors suggest guided bone regeneration to achieve a complete recovery in this area. CLINICAL CASE: a clinical case of a 27-year-old woman is presented, with no previous registered medical records. This woman attended to the Oral Surgery and Implantology Service of the Dentistry faculty of the Complutense University of Madrid for removal of lower third molars. After the clinical and radiological examination, left lower third molar was removed, with regeneration with autogenous dentin, and right lower third molar in a conventional approach, with a 6 month follow up to check and compare the evolution. CONCLUSION: autogenous dentin as graft material in periodontal defects in the distal side of the lower second molar could be an effective treatment for surgical lower third molar removal

Autogenous Dentin Graft in Bone Defects after Lower Third Molar Extraction: A Split-Mouth Clinical Trial.

Various biomaterials are currently used for bone regeneration, with autogenous bone being considered the gold standard material because of its osteogenic, osteoconductive, and osteoinductive properties. In recent years, the use of autogenous dentin as a graft material has been described. This split-mouth clinical trial assesses the efficacy of autogenous dentin for the regeneration of periodontal defects caused by bone loss associated with impacted lower third molar extraction. Fifteen patients underwent bilateral extraction surgery (30 third molars) using dentin as a graft material on the test side, and leaving the control side to heal spontaneously, comparing the evolution of the defects by evaluating probing depth at three and six months post-operatively. Bone density and alveolar bone crest maintenance were also evaluated six months after surgery, and pain, inflammation, mouth opening capacity on the second and seventh days after surgery. Probing depth, radiographic bone density, and alveolar bone crest maintenance showed significant differences between the test and control sides. Autogenous dentin was found to be an effective biomaterial for bone regeneration after impacted lower third molar extraction.

In vitro comparison of primary stability of two implant designs in D3 bone

Background: Primary stability (PS) is a key factor for implant survival rate and depends on implant design or bone quality. The aim of this study was to compare different thread designs implants, evaluating PS with periotest values (PV) and implant stability quotient (ISQ) values through resonance frequency analysis (RFA). Material and Methods: A total of 60 implants (Radhex(R), Inmet-Garnick S.A., Guadalajara, Spain) were placed in freshly bovine ribs in vitro. Two designs were used: 30 tapered body with single thread design (PHI) and 30 tapered body with double thread design implants (PHIA). Both designs were 4mm wide and 12mm long. Implants were placed according to manufacturer’s guidelines. Osstell(TM) and Periotest(R) devices were used to evaluate PS by a blinded independent observer. Computed tomographies (CTs) of the ribs were made (BrightSpeed Series CT systems, GE Healthcare, Milwaukee, WI, USA) and bone quality surrounding each implant was evaluated in Hounsfield Units (HU) using Ez3D Plus software (Vatech Co., Korea). Bone quality was classified according to Misch and Kircos in D1, D2, D3 or D4. Results: All implants were mechanically stable. Only implants placed in D3 bone (350-850 HU) were selected for the study: 28 PHI and 26 PHIA. The one way ANOVA showed significant difference (p < 0.005) among two implants designs in ISQ values (61,55 ± 6,67 in PHI and 68,94 ± 5,82 in PHIA). No significant difference (p = 0,171) was shown in PV between two designs (-4,47 ± 1,39 in PHI and -4,77 ± 0,87 in PHIA). Conclusions: Higher PS was found using Osstell(TM) device in implants with double thread design (PHIA) in comparison to implants with single thread design (PHI) in D3 bone (AU)

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Influencia de la densidad ósea y sus estados patológicos en la osteointegración / Impact of bone density and its pathological states on osseointegration

El éxito en el tratamiento implantológico está determinado por varios factores (cantidad de hueso, relación prótesis-implante, cargas biomecánicas, técnica quirúrgica, etc.). La densidad ósea es uno de ellos y su influencia en la osteointegración es máxima. El objetivo del presente artículo ha sido realizar una revisión bibliográfica narrativa sobre la influencia de la densidad ósea en la osteointegración y éxito implantológico, así como los posibles efectos de su patología (osteoporosis, periodontitis, etc.). El conocimiento de la densidad ósea del lecho implantológico es de vital importancia para el odontólogo y cirujano bucal, que deben tener en cuenta este parámetro y sus posibles estados patológicos para conseguir un resultado satisfactorio (AU)

The successful implants treatment is determided by several factors (bone quantity, prosthesis-implant relationship, biomechanical loads, surgical technique, etc.). Bone density is one of them and its influence in osseointegration is maximum. The aim of this article has been to make a narrative bibliographic review about the influence of bone density in osseointegration and implants success, as well as the possible effects of its diseases (osteoporosis, periodontal disease, etc.). Knowledge of the bone density of implant sites is very important to the dentist and oral surgeon, who must consider this parameter and its possible pathology to achieve a satisfactory result (AU)

Evaluación de la densidad ósea: técnicas densitométricas / Bone density evaluation: densitometric techniques

La densidad ósea es uno de los factores de osteointegración y éxito implantológico más importante y por ello su evaluación es de máxima relevancia. Para ello se han utilizado técnicas densitométricas como la Radiología (convencional y digital), la Absorciometría Radiológica de Doble Energía (DXA) y la Tomografía Computerizada (TC). En esta última se incluyen la TC médica y la TC dental o CB-CT (Cone Beam Computerized Tomography). Al aplicar a la TC programas informáticos de valoración densitométrica obtenemos la TC cuantitativa o QCT (por Quantiative Computerized Tomography) y la CB-CT cuantitativa o QCB-CT, que nos proporcionan una densidad expresada en unidades hounsfield (uh) y en algunos casos en mg ha/cm3. El estudio de otras posibles técnicas como la Resonancia magnética (MRI) y la ultrasonografía Cuantitativa (QuS) está en fase experimental. El objetivo del presente artículo ha sido realizar una revisión bibliográfica narrativa sobre las principales técnicas densitométricas utilizadas en Cirugía Bucal e Implantología. De todas ellas la más exacta es la TC cuantitativa o QCT. Con la DXA obtenemos una densidad expresada en mg ha/cm2, más precisa que la radiológica, pero plantea problemas técnicos y es de difícil aplicación en los pequeños espacios maxilofaciales. La Radiología, a pesar de ser una técnica subjetiva, empírica y poco sensible, sigue siendo útil en la práctica clínica cotidiana (AU)

Bone density is one of the most important factors of osseointegration and implants success and therefore its evaluation is highly relevant. For this purpose densitometric techniques have been used as Radiology (conventional and digital), Double X-Ray Absorptiometry (DXA) and Computed Tomography (CT). Within this latter, medical CT and dental CT or CB-CT (Cone Beam Computerized Tomography) are included. Applying to CT densitometric evaluation softwares we obtain the quantitative CT (QCT) and quantitative CBCT (QCB-CT), which provides a density expressed in hounsfield units (hu) and in some cases ha mg/cm3. The study of alternative techniques such as Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and Quantitative ultrasound (QuS) remains, for now, experimental. The aim of this article has been to make a narrative bibliographic review about the main densitometric techniques used in Oral Surgery and Implantology. From all of them, the most exact is the quantitative CT or QCT. With the DXA we obtain a density expressed in mg ha/cm2, more accurate than radiologic one, but poses technical problems and is difficult to apply in the small maxillofacial spaces. Radiology, despite being a subjective and empirical technique, remains useful in the daily clinical practice (AU)

A cephalometric method to diagnosis the craniovertebral junction abnormalities in osteogenesis imperfecta patients.

Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a hereditary bone fragility disorder that in most patients is caused by mutations affecting collagen type I. Their typical oral and craneofacial characteristics (Dentinogenesis imperfecta type I and class III malocclusion), involve the dentist in the multidisciplinary team that treat these patients. It is usual to perform lateral skull radiographs for the orthodontic diagnosis. In addition, this radiograph is useful to analyse the junctional area between skull base and spine, that could be damaged in OI. Pathology in the craneovertebral junction (CVJ) is a serious complication of OI with a prevalence ranging from rare to 37%. To diagnosis early skull base anomalies in these patients, previously the neurological symptoms have been appear, we make a simple cephalometric analysis of the CVJ. This method has four measurements and one angle. Once we calculate the values of the OI patient, we compare the result with the mean and the standard deviations of an age-appropriate average in healthy controls. If the patient has a result more than 2,5 SDs above the age-appropriate average in healthy controls, we should to refer the patient to his/her pediatrician or neurologist. These doctors have to consider acquiring another diagnostic images to be used to determine cranial base measurements with more reliability. Thereby, dentists who treat these patients, must be aware of the normal radiological anatomy of the cervical spine on the lateral cephalogram. Key words:Osteogenesis imperfecta, craniovertebral junction, cephalometric.

Effects of localmelatonin application on post-extraction sockets after third molar surgery. A pilot study

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to assess the anti-inflammatory, analgesic and osteogenic early effects of melatonin on post-extraction sockets of patients requiring third molars extraction. Study DESIGN: A randomized, triple-blind clinical trial was made using a split-mouth design. Both lower third molars of 10 patients were extracted and 3 mg of local melatonin or placebo were applied. Concentrations of interleukin-6 and nitrotyrosine were determined on samples of the clot from the socket by independent ELISA tests. Radiographic bone density was evaluated by measuring Hounsfield Units in panoramic and cross sections obtained by digital scanner. Statistycal analysis by Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was performed for ELISA data. Bone density was analyzed by Shapiro-Wilk test. Subsequently t test was applied. P<0.05 was considered to be significant. RESULTS: The concentration of interleukin-6 increased with the application of melatonin without statistically below to the detectability pattern (<0.001 nM) in Optic Density curve. Bone density in panoramic sections at socket after melatonin application showed no significant difference (561.98 ± 105.92 HU vs 598.82 ± 209.03 HU). In cross sections, bone density in the alveolar region showed no significant difference(377.42 ± 125.67 HU vs 347.56 ± 97.02 HU). CONCLUSIONS: Within the limitations of this pilot study, no differences with the application of melatonin were found in terms of the concentration of interleukin-6 and bone density in post-extraction socket of retained mandibular third molars

Effects of local melatonin application on post-extraction sockets after third molar surgery. A pilot study.

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to assess the anti-inflammatory, analgesic and osteogenic early effects of melatonin on post-extraction sockets of patients requiring third molars extraction. STUDY DESIGN: A randomized, triple-blind clinical trial was made using a split-mouth design. Both lower third molars of 10 patients were extracted and 3 mg of local melatonin or placebo were applied. Concentrations of interleukin-6 and nitrotyrosine were determined on samples of the clot from the socket by independent ELISA tests. Radiographic bone density was evaluated by measuring Hounsfield Units in panoramic and cross sections obtained by digital scanner. Statistical analysis by Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was performed for ELISA data. Bone density was analyzed by Shapiro-Wilk test. Subsequently t test was applied. P<0.05 was considered to be significant. RESULTS: The concentration of interleukin-6 increased with the application of melatonin without statistically significance (361.32 ± 235.22 pg/ml vs 262.58 ± 233.92 pg/ml). Nitrotyrosine concentrations showed values below to the detectability pattern (<0.001 nM) in Optic Density curve. Bone density in panoramic sections at socket after melatonin application showed no significant difference (561.98 ± 105.92 HU vs 598.82 ± 209.03 HU). In cross sections, bone density in the alveolar region showed no significant difference(377.42 ± 125.67 HU vs 347.56 ± 97.02 HU). CONCLUSIONS: Within the limitations of this pilot study, no differences with the application of melatonin were found in terms of the concentration of interleukin-6 and bone density in post-extraction socket of retained mandibular third molars.

Quantification of growth factors by using a new systemfor obtaining platelet-rich plasma

Objective: To verify the performance of a new method for obtaining platelet-rich plasma, while avoiding contaminationof the sample during its processing.Study Design: Twenty healthy patients were selected, from whom 21 ml of blood was ex tracted. W ethen proceededto study the platelets and growth factors in basal blood after centrifuging the sample by using a new closedsystem for obtaining platelet-rich plasma (PRP).Results: After centrifuging the blood sample, double the amount of platelets as that found in basal blood wasobtained. Of the four growth factors analyzed, only the factor similar to insulin (IGF) contained the same concentrationafter the centrifuge process. The platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) and the vascular growth factor(VGF) were multiplied by six with respect to the basal values and disproportionately increased the levels of thetransforming growth factor â (TGF-â).Conclusions: The new closed method for obtaining PRP, after avoiding contamination of the sample following itsuse, offers levels of platelet concentrate and growth factors necessary for regeneration (AU)

Displasia fibrosa maxilar poliostótica en paciente tratada con pamidronato: a propósito de un caso / Maxilar polyostotic fibrous dysplasia treated with pamidronate: a case report

El término displasia fibrosa hace referencia a un conjunto de lesiones óseas benignas que se caracterizan por la sustitución del tejido óseo normal por tejido conectivo. Se presenta el caso de una paciente afectada de displasia fibrosa poliostótica de predominio maxilar tratada de forma conservadora con bisfosfonatos(AU)

The term fibrous dysplasia refers to a variety of bony diseases characterized by the substituion of the bone by abnormal connective tissue. A case report of patient affected by a polyostotic form of fibrous dysplasia with an uneven evolution of its disease after being treated with pamidronate is presented(AU)

Quantification of growth factors by using a new system for obtaining platelet-rich plasma.

OBJECTIVE: To verify the performance of a new method for obtaining platelet-rich plasma, while avoiding contamination of the sample during its processing. STUDY DESIGN: Twenty healthy patients were selected, from whom 21 ml of blood was extracted. We then proceeded to study the platelets and growth factors in basal blood after centrifuging the sample by using a new closed system for obtaining platelet-rich plasma (PRP). RESULTS: After centrifuging the blood sample, double the amount of platelets as that found in basal blood was obtained. Of the four growth factors analyzed, only the factor similar to insulin (IGF) contained the same concentration after the centrifuge process. The platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) and the vascular growth factor (VGF) were multiplied by six with respect to the basal values and disproportionately increased the levels of the transforming growth factor ß (TGF-ß). CONCLUSIONS: The new closed method for obtaining PRP, after avoiding contamination of the sample following its use, offers levels of platelet concentrate and growth factors necessary for regeneration.

Tomografía computerizada de haz cónico. Aplicaciones clínicas en odontología; comparación con otras técnicas / Cone beam computed tomography Clinical aplications in dentistry Comparations with others techniques

Las radiografías convencionales representan objetos de 3D con imágenes de 2D con una significativa superposición de estructuras y magnificación impredecible. La tomografía computerizada (CT) permite una visualización real en 3D de las estructuras óseas y dentoalveolares, la CT de haz cónico (CBCT) libera una menor radiación que la CT convencional. El propósito de este artículo es discutir las aplicaciones clínicas en el diagnóstico y plan de tratamiento dental y orofacial y comparar CBCT con otras técnicas de imagen en la realización de estas tareas (AU)

Conventional radiographs represent 2-Dimages of 3-D objects with significant structure superimposition and unpredictable magnification. Computed tomography (CT) allows true 3-Dvisualization of dentoalveolar and osseous structures, cone beam CT (CBCT) delivers lower radiation than convencional CT. The aim of this article is discuss the clinical applications in dental and orofacial diagnosis and treatment planning and to compare CBCT with other image techniques in doing those tasks (AU)

Pre-operative evaluation of the volume of bone graft in sinus lifts by means of CompuDenty

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the usefulness of the CompuDent program in determining the pre-operativevolume of bone graft in maxillary sinus floor lifts, and to calculate the volume of graft necessary for rehabilitationusing varying lengths of implants.Study design: Based on the CompuDent program, we calculated the volume of graft necessary for 47 sinus lifts.This volume was measured in order to raise the floor of each sinus to 13.4 and 15 mm in height.Results: The average volume of graft in order to achieve a lift of 13’4 mm was 2.42 cm³ for the right maxillarysinus, with a range from 1.4 cm³ to 4.1 cm³, and 2.50 cm³ for the left maxillary sinus, with a range from 1.04 cm³to 3.79 cm³. The average volume of graft in order to achieve a lift of 15 mm was 3.01 cm³ for the right maxillarysinus, with a range from 1.78 cm³ to 4.59 cm³, and 3.09 cm³ for the left maxillary sinus, with a range from 1.42 cm³to 4.49 cm³. The statistical results provided by the Pearson Correlation show a significant inversely proportionalcorrelation between the average of the heights and the volume of graft in the sinus. In addition, there is a clearcorrelation between the average volumes to be grafted for the respective heights 13.4 mm and 15 mm.Conclusions: The CompuDent program is an effective tool in determining the volume of bone graft given its simplicity,rapidness and possibility of standardization in all pre-surgical procedures (AU)

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Pre-operative evaluation of the volume of bone graft in sinus lifts by means of CompuDent.

OBJECTIVE: This study aims to evaluate the usefulness of the CompuDent program in determining the pre-operative volume of bone graft in maxillary sinus floor lifts, and to calculate the volume of graft necessary for rehabilitation using varying lengths of implants. STUDY DESIGN: Based on the CompuDent program, we calculated the volume of graft necessary for 47 sinus lifts. This volume was measured in order to raise the floor of each sinus to 13.4 and 15 mm in height. RESULTS: The average volume of graft in order to achieve a lift of 13'4 mm was 2.42 cm(3) for the right maxillary sinus, with a range from 1.4 cm(3) to 4.1 cm(3), and 2.50 cm(3) for the left maxillary sinus, with a range from 1.04 cm(3) to 3.79 cm(3). The average volume of graft in order to achieve a lift of 15 mm was 3.01 cm(3) for the right maxillary sinus, with a range from 1.78 cm(3) to 4.59 cm(3), and 3.09 cm(3) for the left maxillary sinus, with a range from 1.42 cm(3) to 4.49 cm(3). The statistical results provided by the Pearson Correlation show a significant inversely proportional correlation between the average of the heights and the volume of graft in the sinus. In addition, there is a clear correlation between the average volumes to be grafted for the respective heights 13.4 mm and 15 mm. CONCLUSIONS: The CompuDent program is an effective tool in determining the volume of bone graft given its simplicity, rapidness and possibility of standardization in all pre-surgical procedures.

Radiografía sin película. Actualización en Diagnóstico por la Imagen en Odontoestomatología / Radiography without film. Actualization in Diagnostic for the image in Odontoestomatology

Los continuos avances tecnológicos y la incorporación de técnicas no basadas en los rayos X han hecho que el concepto básico de la radiografía haya sufrido importantes modificaciones, aceptándose como más adecuada el término Diagnóstico por Imagen. La aplicación de la informática, con sus espectaculares resultados, permite obtener imágenes radiográficas sin película y el desarrollo de técnicas como la TC o la RM. Los programas informáticos de planificación quirúrgica han demostrado su potencial. Las redes de comunicación facilitan la transmisión de datos a distancia, pudiendo hablarse de telediagnóstico, y los sistemas de archivo permiten el acceso inmediato a la información almacenada (AU)

The continous technological advances an the techniques incorporation not based in X rays have made that the classic concept of radiology changed suffering important modifications, accepting the most suitable the meaning of diagnostic by image. The application of informatics, with their spectacular results, allows to obtain radiographic images without film and the development of the TC or RM techniques. The informatics programs of surgical planning have proved their potential. The communication nets makes easy the transmission of facts talking about telediagnostic and the archive system permits the immediate access to the stored information (AU)

Diagnóstico y planteamiento terapéutico actual de los quistes maxilares / Diagnosis and current treatment planning of jaw cysts

Los quistes de los maxilares constituyen un grupo de procesos patológicos frecuentes en el área maxilofacial. Comprenden diversas entidades siendo los más habituales los quistes radiculares (de origen inflamatorio) y los dentígeros o foliculares (del desarrollo), relacionados con un diente retenido. Desde el punto de vista clínico, su crecimiento es lento y suelen ser asintomáticos durante mucho tiempo, por lo que en su detección juegan un papel fundamental las técnicas radiográficas. El objetivo del presente trabajo es valorar la utilidad de los diversos procedimientos de diagnóstico por imagen disponibles en la actualidad para valorar estos procesos, así como analizar las distintas alternativas terapéuticas propuestas, tratando de establecer las principales ventajas e incovenientes de cada una de ellas. Además, se ha dedicado una consideración especial al tratamiento quirúrgico del queratoquiste odontogénico, debido a su comportamiento local, potencialmente agresivo, y a su alta tendencia a la recidiva (AU)

Jaw cysts contitute a group pf frequente pathological proceses in the maxilofacial area. They include different entities and the most commonly encountered are radicualar cysts (inflammatory origin) and follicular or dentigerous cysts (developmental cysts), which are related to an impacted tooth. From a clinical point of view, they show a slow growth speed and are typically asymptomatic for a long time, and therefore the radiographic techniques play a key role in their diagnosis. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the usefulness of the different available imaging diagnostic procedures in the study of these processes, as well as annalize the various proposed terapeutical alternatives, trying to conclude advantages and unconvenients of each one of them. Additionally, this study dedicates a particular consideration to the surgical treatment of the odontogenic keratocyst, due to its potentially aggressive local behaviour and its tendency to recur (AU)