Positive body image: a qualitative study on the successful experiences of adolescents, teachers and parents.

Purpose Body image encompasses body-related self-perceptions and personal attitudes. Dissatisfaction with body image during the early stages of adolescence is negatively related to self-esteem and other health problems. A few publications focused on positive body image and directly related to the experiences and interactions of adolescents themselves. To explore positive body image in adolescents and describe the familial and educational factors that contribute to its development.Methods A qualitative study was conducted. Purposive sampling was used, and 9 adolescents, 6 families, and 8 teachers participated in semi-structured interviews, which were then theme analyzed. Results Self-care, body acceptance, confronting messages that attack body image, and the influence of social media have been identified as emerging themes in adolescents' positive body image experiences. Therefore, the pubertal period, family values, fostering, and educational actions as well as media literacy were identified as factors promoting self-esteem and positive body image in the family and educational environment. Conclusions Their parents also expressed aspects such as those that contribute to the development of healthy self-esteem, confidence, and positive body image. Alternatively, the teachers indicated educational activities to work on self-image and self-esteem when faced with situations of concern in the classroom.

Características epidemiológicas de la psoriasis. Un estudio poblacional / Epidemiology of Psoriasis. A Population-Based Study

Antecedentes y objetivo: La psoriasis es una enfermedad inmunoinflamatoria crónica de la piel muy frecuente en el mundo occidental. Muchos autores han intentado calcular su prevalencia en diversas regiones, aunque en la mayoría de los casos esta se ha obtenido mediante encuestas y existen escasas publicaciones procedentes del área mediterránea. El objetivo de nuestro estudio era analizar la prevalencia y severidad de la psoriasis en Lleida (región del noreste de España), identificar diferencias en edad y sexo, y comparar nuestros resultados con otras series europeas. Materiales y métodos: Se obtuvo una base de datos conjunta entre medicina primaria y el departamento de dermatología de toda la provincia de Lleida con datos epidemiológicos, diagnóstico de psoriasis y codificación de tratamiento. Resultados: La base de datos final comprendía a 398.701 individuos y 6.868 de ellos (1,72%) fueron codificados con el diagnóstico de psoriasis. La prevalencia de psoriasis fue significativamente mayor en hombres que en mujeres (1,88 vs. 1,56%; OR = 1,21; IC 95%: 1,15-1,27). La prevalencia más alta de psoriasis se encontró en el grupo de edad de los 61-70 años (2,90%) y la prevalencia de psoriasis en menores de 18 años fue del 0,30%. En nuestra población, el 7,27% de los pacientes fueron clasificados como psoriasis moderada-severa (499/6.868). Conclusiones: Este estudio reporta la prevalencia y severidad de la psoriasis en una muestra amplia de una región mediterránea, obteniendo la información mediante una base de datos electrónica. Además, se evidencia una prevalencia menor de psoriasis comparada con otros países europeos y una proporción de psoriasis severa (basado en criterios de tratamiento) menor que en otros estudios. Estas diferencias podrían deberse a factores genéticos, estilo de vida y dieta

Background and objectives: Psoriasis is a chronic immunoinflammatory skin disease very frequent in the western world. Several authors have tried to calculate its prevalence in different regions, although most of them obtained the data from surveys and there are few publications from Mediterranean areas. The objective of our study was to analyze the prevalence and severity of psoriasis in Lleida (a northeastern region in Spain), identify age and sex specific differences and compare our results with other European series. Materials and methods: A joint database of primary care medicine and the dermatology department was obtained from the entire province of Lleida with epidemiological data and psoriasis diagnosis and treatment codification. Results: A corrected database was obtained with 398,701 individuals and 6,868 of them (1.72%) were coded with the diagnosis of psoriasis. The prevalence was significantly higher in men than in women (1.88% vs 1.56%, OR = 1.21, 95% CI: 1.15-1.27). The highest prevalence of psoriasis was found in the 61-70 years group (2.90%) and psoriasis in population under 18 years of age was 0.30%. In our sample, 7.27% of the patients were classified as moderate-severe psoriasis (499/6,868). Conclusion: This study reports the prevalence and severity of psoriasis in a large Mediterranean region sample, obtaining the information through a electronic database. This study reveals a lower prevalence of psoriasis compared to other European countries, and the proportion of severe psoriasis (based on treatment criteria) is lower than in other studies. We emphasize that these differences could probably due to genetic background, life style and diet

Psoriasis, metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular risk factors. A population-based study.

BACKGROUND: Psoriasis is a very prevalent systemic chronic inflammatory disease. Major cardiovascular events are the main cause of mortality in these patients which suggests an association between psoriasis and traditional cardiovascular risk factors. OBJECTIVE: To identify classic cardiovascular risk factors and metabolic syndrome (MS) in patients with psoriasis, their possible association with its severity and compare it with the non-psoriatic population. METHODS: This is an observational and cross-sectional population study in Lleida (Spain) from a joint hospital/primary care database. RESULTS: The database comprised 398 701 individuals. There were 6868 cases registered as psoriasis (1.7%), and 499 of them (7.3%) were classified as moderate-severe psoriasis. Patients with psoriasis had a higher prevalence of traditional cardiovascular risk factors than non-psoriatic population: diabetes mellitus 2 (13.9% vs 7.4%, OR 2.01), dyslipidaemia (28.8% vs 17.4%, OR 1.92), arterial hypertension (31.2% vs 19.0%, OR 1.93), obesity (33.7% vs 28.1%, OR 1.30), altered fasting basal glycaemia (21.4% vs 15.1%, OR 1.54), low cholesterol HDL (38.1% vs 32.3%, OR 1.29), hypertriglyceridaemia (45.7% vs 35.2%, OR 1.55) and high waist circumference (75.7% vs 72.3%, OR 1.19). MS was more prevalent in psoriatic patients (28.3% vs 15.1%, OR 2.21), and cardiovascular risk factors were similar between psoriasis severity groups. Psoriatic patients had a higher prevalence of ischaemic heart disease (3.3% vs 1.8%, OR 1.87) and vascular cerebral accidents (1.8% vs 1.2%, OR 1.55). A model for MS showed a significant nonlinear relationship with age and sex and significant differences between patients with and without psoriasis. CONCLUSION: We found statistically significant differences in relation to the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors, MS and major cardiovascular events in psoriatic patients. However, differences were not seen between psoriasis severity groups. Our work reinforces the need for a multidisciplinary approach and close monitoring of cardiovascular risk factors in these patients to prevent a cardiovascular event.

Epidemiology of Psoriasis. A Population-Based Study. / Características epidemiológicas de la psoriasis. Un estudio poblacional.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Psoriasis is a chronic immunoinflammatory skin disease very frequent in the western world. Several authors have tried to calculate its prevalence in different regions, although most of them obtained the data from surveys and there are few publications from Mediterranean areas. The objective of our study was to analyze the prevalence and severity of psoriasis in Lleida (a northeastern region in Spain), identify age and sex specific differences and compare our results with other European series. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A joint database of primary care medicine and the dermatology department was obtained from the entire province of Lleida with epidemiological data and psoriasis diagnosis and treatment codification. RESULTS: A corrected database was obtained with 398,701 individuals and 6,868 of them (1.72%) were coded with the diagnosis of psoriasis. The prevalence was significantly higher in men than in women (1.88% vs 1.56%, OR=1.21, 95% CI: 1.15-1.27). The highest prevalence of psoriasis was found in the 61-70 years group (2.90%) and psoriasis in population under 18 years of age was 0.30%. In our sample, 7.27% of the patients were classified as moderate-severe psoriasis (499/6,868). CONCLUSION: This study reports the prevalence and severity of psoriasis in a large Mediterranean region sample, obtaining the information through a electronic database. This study reveals a lower prevalence of psoriasis compared to other European countries, and the proportion of severe psoriasis (based on treatment criteria) is lower than in other studies. We emphasize that these differences could probably due to genetic background, life style and diet.

Cuadro de insuficiencia cardiaca en mujer joven: miocardiopatía posparto / A case of heart failure in a young woman: post-partum cardiomyopathy

Describimos el caso de una paciente diagnosticada de miocardiopatía periparto (MCP). Es una causa poco frecuente de insuficiencia cardiaca congestiva, de etiología aún desconocida, que ocurre en el último mes de la gestación o los 5 primeros meses del puerperio, en mujeres jóvenes y sanas. El diagnóstico es fundamentalmente clínico y el ecocardiograma confirmará una disfunción ventricular sistólica izquierda (AU)

We describe the case of a patient diagnosed with peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM). It is an uncommon cause of congestive heart failure of, as yet, unknown aetiology, which appears in young and healthy women in the last month of their pregnancy, or in the first five months after giving birth. The diagnosis is mainly clinical, and the echocardiogram will confirm the left ventricular systolic dysfunction (AU)

[How many patients need treatment for hypercholesterolemia?]. / Cuántos pacientes precisan tratamiento para la hipercolesteremia?

OBJECTIVE: To find out the percentage of individuals from a population who need pharmacologic treatment for their hypercholesterolemia according to different guidelines. DESIGN: Descriptive transversal study. SETTING: Population from 6 areas of Lleida (province) including the city of Lleida. METHOD: The study has been done on a randomized sample of 401 individuals. First the cardiovascular risk from the equation in the Framingham study was calculated, then the percentage of individuals who should be treated with lipid-lowering medication according to the US National Cholesterol Education Program, The European Society of Atherosclerosis and The Spanish Society of Atherosclerosis. RESULTS: The prevalence of individuals with cholesterolemia > 250 mg/dl has been 16.3% among men and 22.4% in women. According to NCEP, 20.5% of men and 17.6% of women from 383 individuals older then 6 years old need pharmacologic treatment for hypercholesterolemia. The Framingham equation was applied to 281 individuals (over 30 and under 75 years old) estimating a risk higher than 20% in 10 years for 13.7% of the population under study (23.9% in men and 3.5% in women). CONCLUSIONS: The percentage of patients who need pharmacologic treatment for hypercholesterolemia varies according to the different guidelines employed. We consider necessary the calculation of the cardiovascular risk with the Framingham equation to use lipid-lowering medication in order to achieve a better protection of the population at higher risk of developing a cardiovascular disease.

¿Cuántos pacientes precisan tratamiento para la hipercolesteremia? / How many patients need treatment for hypercholesterolemia?

Objetivo. Calcular el porcentaje de individuos de una población que precisa tratamiento farmacológico según las diferentes guías para el tratamiento de la hipercolesteremia. Diseño. Estudio descriptivo transversal. Emplazamiento. Población de 6 comarcas de Lleida: cinco pirenaicas y una en el llano, donde se emplaza la capital de la provincia. Método. En 401 individuos procedentes de una muestra aleatoria de 6 comarcas de Lleida se calculó el riesgo cardiovascular según la tabla de cálculo del estudio de Framingham y el porcentaje de individuos que precisan fármacos hipolipemiantes según el US National Cholesterol Education Program, la Sociedad Europea de Aterosclerosis y la Sociedad Española de Aterosclerosis. Resultados. La prevalencia de individuos con colesterol total > 250 mg/dl fue del 16,2 por ciento en los varones y del 22,4 por ciento en las mujeres. Precisaban tratamiento farmacológico para la hipercolesteremia un 20,5 por ciento de los varones y un 17,6 por ciento de las mujeres de los 383 individuos mayores de 6 años de la población, según el NCEP. La ecuación de Framingham se aplicó a 281 individuos (mayores de 30 y menores de 75 años); estima un riesgo superior al 20 por ciento en 10 años en un 13,7 por ciento de la población, siendo de un 23,9 por ciento en los varones y un 3,5 por ciento en las mujeres. Conclusiones. El porcentaje de pacientes que precisa tratamiento farmacológico para la hipercolesteremia varía según las diferentes guías utilizadas. Consideramos necesario el cálculo del riesgo cardiovascular según la ecuación de Framingham en el uso de fármacos para que éste se ajuste a la población con mayor riesgo, dado el origen multifactorial de la enfermedad cardiovascular (AU)