ABSTRACT
Resumo A endocardite infecciosa na população pediátrica é uma condição rara que pode ou não estar associada a uma cardiopatia congênita. As modalidades de tratamento atuais baseiam-se na antibioticoterapia de longo prazo e na ressecção cirúrgica como primeira opção para casos de vegetação persistente. Apresentamos um caso de recuperação percutânea bem-sucedida de vegetação em canal arterial patente, que se estendia ao tronco da artéria pulmonar em um paciente pediátrico. Este é o primeiro relato na literatura desse tipo de extração de vegetação no canal arterial sem toracotomia.
Abstract Infective endocarditis in the pediatric population is a rare condition that may or may not be associated with a congenital heart disease. Current treatment modalities are based on long-term antibiotic therapy and surgical resection as the first option for cases of persistent vegetation. We present a case of successful percutaneous retrieval of a vegetation in a patent ductus arteriosus, that extended to the pulmonary artery trunk in a pediatric patient. This is the first report in the literature on this type of extraction of vegetation in the ductus arteriosus without thoracotomy.
ABSTRACT
Patent ductus arteriosus is the most common cardiac anomaly in our country. In the last few decades, there has been a lot of interest in developing less invasive techniques like video-assisted thoracoscopic clipping; nevertheless, this also has some complications. We present an 8-year-old female, which had been treated with video-assisted thoracoscopic clipping of patent ductus arteriosus. Five years later, she presented with a large aneurysm of the ductus arteriosus extending to the pulmonary trunk and a residual patent ductus arteriosus. A Cardia ASD occluder of 24 mm was placed in the aneurysm, and the residual ductus arteriosus was then closed with an Amplatzer Plug vascular II device of 10 mm, with a good outcome. The development of an aneurysm after video-assisted patent ductus arteriosus closure is apparently a non-reported complication; therefore, there are also no reports for its treatment. That is why we present this case as an option for its resolution.
Subject(s)
Aneurysm , Ductus Arteriosus, Patent , Ductus Arteriosus , Septal Occluder Device , Female , Humans , Child , Ductus Arteriosus, Patent/surgery , Pulmonary Artery , Cardiac Catheterization/methods , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
Introducción: La papilomatosis respiratoria recurrente es el crecimiento de lesiones papilomatosas en el tracto aerodigestivo causada por el virus del papiloma humano, aparece más entre los 3 y 6 años (juvenil) y entre la tercera y quinta décadas (adulta). Los síntomas suelen ser disfonía y dificultad respiratoria. La terapéutica consiste en la resección de lesiones y terapia adyuvante (bevacizumab e interferón). Su curso es variable, tiende a recidivar y maligniza en 3-7%, más en adultos. Objetivos: Describir resultados terapéuticos de la papilomatosis respiratoria recurrente en nuestro servicio. Materiales y métodos: Estudio observacional, descriptivo con asociación cruzada, transversal, retrospectivo, muestreo no probabilístico de casos consecutivos, de pacientes con papilomatosis respiratoria recurrente operados en la Cátedra y Servicio Otorrinolaringología del Hospital de Clínicas en el periodo 2005-2020. Resultados: Se estudiaron 40 pacientes, 65% hombres y 35% mujeres; 35% adultos y 65% juveniles. La media de edad fue 16,05±18,042 años; en los casos juveniles fue 4,69±2,908 años, en los adultos 37,14±14,94 años. Se observaron alteraciones de la voz en el 100% y de la mecánica respiratoria en el 72,5%. Se contabilizaron 119 procedimientos, en 11 pacientes se realizó solamente resección, 29 con adyuvancia, de estos 22,5% recibieron bevacizumab y 50% interferón. No hubo diferencia significativa en la media de tiempo sin lesiones entre jóvenes y adultos (p>0,05), pero si según la terapéutica con tendencia favorable con la adyuvancia, sobre todo con bevacizumab. Se constató displasia en 10% y malignización en 2,5%. La afectación fue: glotis 100% (cuerda vocal derecha 92,5%, izquierda 82,5%, ambas 77,5%, comisura anterior 62,5%), supraglotis 20% y subglotis 10%. El promedio de número de áreas afectas fue 3,34±1,274, hubo una diferencia significativa (p<0,05) entre los casos adultos (2,071±0,379) y juveniles (3,846±1,015) constatándose mayor afectación en este último. Conclusión: La mayor parte fueron casos juveniles masculinos. Las zonas más afectas fueron la glotis, sobre todo cuerdas vocales. En jóvenes se vio mayor número de regiones afectas. Todos presentaban disfonía o afonía, seguido por dificultad respiratoria. Las terapéuticas fueron resección quirúrgica sola o asociada a adyuvancia (bevacizumab o Interferón). El tiempo de recurrencia fue mayor al emplear adyuvancia terapéutica con tendencia favorable hacia el bevacizumab. La malignización ocurrió en un caso.
Introduction: Recurrent respiratory papillomatosis is the growth of papillomatous lesions in the aerodigestive tract caused by human papillomavirus, appears more between the ages of 3 and 6 years (juvenile) and between the third and fifth decades (adult). Symptoms are usually dysphonia and respiratory distress. The therapy consists of resection of lesions and adjuvant therapy (bevacizumab and interferon). Its course is variable, it tends to recur and malignancy occurs in 3-7%, more in adults. Objectives: To describe therapeutic results of recurrent respiratory papillomatosis in our service. Materials and methods: Observational, descriptive, cross-sectional, cross-sectional, retrospective, retrospective, non-probabilistic sampling of consecutive cases, of patients with recurrent respiratory papillomatosis operated in the Otorhinolaryngology Department of the Hospital de Clínicas in the period 2005-2020. Results: We studied 40 patients, 65% male and 35% female; 35% adults and 65% juveniles. Mean age was 16.05±18.042 years. In juvenile cases the mean age was 4.69±2.908 years, in adults 37.14±14.94 years. Voice alterations were observed in 100% and respiratory mechanics in 72.5%. There were 119 procedures, 11 laryngeal microsurgery alone, 29 associated with adjuvant, of these 22.5% received bevacizumab and 50% interferon. There was no significant difference in the mean time without lesions between young people and adults (p>0.05), but there was a favorable trend with adjuvant therapy, especially with bevacizumab. Dysplasia was found in 10% and malignization in 2.5%. The involvement was: glottis 100% (right vocal cord 92.5%, left 82.5%, both 77.5%, anterior commissure 62.5%), supraglottis 20% and subglottis 10%. The average number of affected areas was 3.34±1.274, there was a significant difference (p<0.05) between adult (2.071±0.379) and juvenile (3.846±1.015) cases, with greater involvement in the latter. Conclusion: Most of the cases were juvenile male cases. The most affected areas were the glottis, especially vocal cords. A greater number of affected regions were seen in young people. All presented dysphonia or aphonia, followed by respiratory distress. Therapeutics were surgical resection alone or associated with adjuvant therapy (bevacizumab or interferon). The time to recurrence was longer when adjuvant therapy was used, with a favorable trend towards bevacizumab. Malignization occurred in one case.
Subject(s)
Papilloma , Otolaryngology , Papilloma/immunology , Respiratory Mechanics , BevacizumabABSTRACT
Introduction Hashimoto thyroiditis (HT) shares many characteristics with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), and some studies show that, when associated, PTC is diagnosed mostly with smaller lesions and multifocal pattern. Objective To evaluate the relationship between HT and PTC. Methods A retrospective study of 155 patients who underwent total thyroidectomy from 2009 to 2015. Demographical, clinical and ultrasonographical data, as well as anatomopathological findings were evaluated. Results There were signs of thyroidits in 35 patients, and 114 patients had a unifocal disease. There was no statistical significance between the variables studied and thyroiditis. However, when compared with the occurrence of unifocal or multifocal lesions, there was statistical significance regarding age ( p = 0.038) and mass ( p = 0.031). There was no direct relationship between thyroiditis and multifocality ( p = 0.325) nor between thyroiditis and cervical extension of the disease ( p = 0.300 e p = 0.434). Conclusion There was no relationship between thyroiditis and multifocality in cases of PTC.
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Abstract Introduction Hashimoto thyroiditis (HT) shares many characteristics with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), and some studies show that, when associated, PTC is diagnosed mostly with smaller lesions and multifocal pattern. Objective To evaluate the relationship between HT and PTC. Methods A retrospective study of 155 patients who underwent total thyroidectomy from 2009 to 2015. Demographical, clinical and ultrasonographical data, as well as anatomopathological findings were evaluated. Results There were signs of thyroidits in 35 patients, and 114 patients had a unifocal disease. There was no statistical significance between the variables studied and thyroiditis. However, when compared with the occurrence of unifocal or multifocal lesions, there was statistical significance regarding age (p = 0.038) and mass (p = 0.031). There was no direct relationship between thyroiditis and multifocality (p = 0.325) nor between thyroiditis and cervical extension of the disease (p = 0.300 e p = 0.434). Conclusion There was no relationship between thyroiditis and multifocality in cases of PTC.
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El objetivo de este trabajo fue determinar y comparar la composición corporal de deportistas chilenos juveniles destacados, pertenecientes a las selecciones nacionales en el año 2011, de diferentes disciplinas deportivas mediante métodos antropométricos. Fueron evaluados 4 grupos de deportistas juveniles de alto rendimiento, con un número total de 92 individuos, pertenecientes a las disciplinas de lucha olímpica, halterofilia, básquetbol y fútbol. La Masa Muscular de los miembros superiores (MMES) es mayor en basquetbolistas y Halterofilistas con 7,49 (±1,25) y 7,50 (±2,54) kg respectivamente, al ser comparado con futbolistas, quienes obtuvieron un promedio de 5,27 (±0,37) kg. Por otra parte la lucha olímpica posee un promedio de masa muscular de 6,46 (±1,50) kg, la cual está por debajo de los basquetbolistas y Halterofilistas, debido a que la utilización de los miembros superiores es menor que en las disciplinas anteriormente mencionadas, pero a su vez, es mayor que la de los futbolistas. No se aprecian diferencias importantes en la masa muscular total, pero que son marcadas en la masa muscular por segmentos. Concluimos que la estimación de la masa muscular total, no es un elemento suficiente para determinar y predecir el rendimiento deportivo de los sujetos, a diferencia de la segmentación de la masa muscular que permite comparar de mejor forma, la manera en que se distribuye este componente en las distintas disciplinas deportivas, mejorando la especificidad del conocimiento.
The aim of this study was to determine and compare by anthropometric methods, the body composition of elite young Chilean athletes, who were part of the 2011 national team in different sports. Four groups of elite young athletes were evaluated, with a total number of 92 individuals belonging to the wrestling, weightlifting, basketball and football disciplines. The muscle mass of the upper extremities (MMES) is higher in basketball players and bodybuilders with 7.49 (±1.25) and 7.50 (±2.54) kg respectively, when compared with players who scored an average of 5.27 (±0.37) kg. Moreover, wrestling has an average muscle mass of 6.46 (±1.50) kg which is below that of basketball players and bodybuilders, because the use of upper limbs is less than in disciplines mentioned above, but in turn, is greater than that of football players. No significant differences in total muscle mass are reported, however, there are marked differences in muscle mass segment. We concluded that the estimate of total muscle mass is not sufficient basis to determine and predict athletic performance of the subjects. Muscle mass segment on the other hand, provides a better comparison range for the way in which this component is distributed among different sports disciplines, improving specific knowledge and information.
Subject(s)
Humans , Adolescent , Young Adult , Body Composition , Athletes , Muscles/anatomy & histology , Chile , AnthropometryABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To assess the effect of a physical activity intervention on cardiovascular risk factors in Mexican school-age children. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Children from two public schools in Queretaro (n=360, 8-14 years old) performed a 20-minute physical activity routine every school day during 16 weeks (February-May 2006). Anthropometric, blood pressure and biochemical assessment was done before and after implementation. RESULTS: Systolic blood pressure, triglyceride and total cholesterol levels decreased significantly. The decrease in lipid and lipoprotein levels was higher in children with high baseline levels. In high-risk girls, the cardiovascular risk cluster score decreased significantly. No change in BMI, waist circumference, or insulin was observed. CONCLUSION: A simple physical activity program modified several cardiovascular risk markers in school-age children. These results may be taken as a reference to develop better intervention programs directed toward preventing the effects of children obesity.
Subject(s)
Cardiovascular Diseases/prevention & control , Motor Activity , Obesity/prevention & control , Overweight/complications , Adolescent , Cardiovascular Diseases/etiology , Child , Female , Humans , Male , Mexico , Obesity/complications , Program Evaluation , Risk FactorsABSTRACT
OBJETIVO: Evaluar el efecto de un programa de actividad física sobre los marcadores de riesgo cardiovascular en escolares mexicanos. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Escolares de dos escuelas públicas de Querétaro (n= 360, 8-14 años) realizaron una rutina de actividad física durante 16 semanas (febrero a mayo de 2006). Se compararon mediciones antropométricas, de presión arterial y química sanguínea, antes y después de la intervención. RESULTADOS: La presión sistólica, los triacilglicéridos y el colesterol total disminuyeron de forma significativa en los escolares. La reducción de los lípidos fue mayor en los escolares con valores iniciales alterados. En niñas con riesgo cardiovascular inicial, el puntaje de conglomerado de riesgo disminuyó en grado considerable. No se observaron cambios en el IMC, circunferencia de cintura e insulina sé-rica. CONCLUSIONES: La aplicación de una rutina de ejercicio sencilla tiene efectos notorios sobre los indicadores de riesgo cardiovascular en escolares. Estos resultados pueden considerarse un modelo de intervención para paliar los efectos de la obesidad infantil.
OBJECTIVE: To assess the effect of a physical activity intervention on cardiovascular risk factors in Mexican school-age children. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Children from two public schools in Queretaro (n=360, 8-14 years old) performed a 20-minute physical activity routine every school day during 16 weeks (February-May 2006). Anthropometric, blood pressure and biochemical assessment was done before and after implementation. RESULTS: Systolic blood pressure, triglyceride and total cholesterol levels decreased significantly. The decrease in lipid and lipoprotein levels was higher in children with high baseline levels. In high-risk girls, the cardiovascular risk cluster score decreased significantly. No change in BMI, waist circumference, or insulin was observed. CONCLUSION: A simple physical activity program modified several cardiovascular risk markers in school-age children. These results may be taken as a reference to develop better intervention programs directed toward preventing the effects of children obesity.
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Child , Female , Humans , Male , Cardiovascular Diseases/prevention & control , Motor Activity , Obesity/prevention & control , Overweight/complications , Cardiovascular Diseases/etiology , Mexico , Obesity/complications , Program Evaluation , Risk FactorsABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: The anatomic changes of the patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) in adult patients, such as aortic aneurysm, calcification, or being short and sometimes friable, could complicate the surgical treatment. The transcatheter occlusion of PDA with different devices is currently accepted as safe and effective. We presented our experience with percutaneous occlusion of PDA in adult patients by means of three different devices. METHODS AND RESULTS: Between January 2000 and March 2005, 53 adult patients (47 women and 6 men) with PDA were treated for occlusion by means of percutaneous procedures. Average age was 25.3 years (Range, 16 to 54.7 years). Three different devices were used, 39 patients with Amplatzer for ductus arteriosus, 1 patient with Amplatzer for muscular interventricular communication, 11 with Gianturco coils, and 1 patient with Nit-Occlud. All devices were implanted successfully. Immediate complete closure was achieved in 31 patients (58.4%), in 20 patients (37.7%) with minimal leakage, and in 2 patients (3.89%) with moderate leak. Previous systolic pulmonary pressure had an average of 37.08 +/- 22.8. mm Hg (Range: 12-138 mm Hg) and went down to 28.75 +/- 10.25 mm Hg (Range: 16-57 mm Hg) with p d x 0.001. The average time follow-up was of 16.8 months (Range: 0.9 to 51.8 months) the occlusion was completed in 100%, in neither patients were observed complications related to implant of the devices. CONCLUSION: Transcatheter closure at PDA in adult patients with different devices is safe and feasible.
Subject(s)
Ductus Arteriosus, Patent/surgery , Prostheses and Implants , Adolescent , Adult , Cardiac Catheterization , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Retrospective Studies , Time FactorsABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: The anatomic changes of the patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) in adult patients, such as aortic aneurysm, calcification, or being short and sometimes friable, could complicate the surgical treatment. The transcatheter occlusion of PDA with different devices is currently accepted as safe and effective. We presented our experience with percutaneous occlusion of PDA in adult patients by means of three different devices. METHODS AND RESULTS: Between January 2000 and March 2005, 53 adult patients (47 women and 6 men) with PDA were treated for occlusion by means of percutaneous procedures. Average age was 25.3 years (Range, 16 to 54.7 years). Three different devices were used, 39 patients with Amplatzer for ductus arteriosus, 1 patient with Amplatzer for muscular interventricular communication, 11 with Gianturco coils, and 1 patient with Nit-Occlud. All devices were implanted successfully. Immediate complete closure was achieved in 31 patients (58.4%), in 20 patients (37.7%) with minimal leakage, and in 2 patients (3.89%) with moderate leak. Previous systolic pulmonary pressure had an average of 37.08 +/- 22.8. mm Hg (Range: 12-138 mm Hg) and went down to 28.75 +/- 10.25 mm Hg (Range: 16-57 mm Hg) with p d x 0.001. The average time follow-up was of 16.8 months (Range: 0.9 to 51.8 months) the occlusion was completed in 100%, in neither patients were observed complications related to implant of the devices. CONCLUSION: Transcatheter closure at PDA in adult patients with different devices is safe and feasible.
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Ductus Arteriosus, Patent , Prostheses and Implants , Cardiac Catheterization , Cross-Sectional Studies , Retrospective Studies , Time FactorsABSTRACT
En este trabajo se presentan los resultados de un estudio clínico fase III, prospectivo, longitudinal y experimental. Se comparó la eficacia y seguridad de dos medicamentos para el tratamiento de los síntomas y signos posteriores al traumatismo musculoesquelético. Dicho estudio se realizó en dos grupos paralelos de 25 deportistas escogidos al azar. Los resultados muestran que el medicamento combinado de bencidamina más mentol y salicilato de metilo, disminuyó significativamente la presencia e intensidad del dolor, calor, rubor y edema en el sitio del traumatismo y recuperación más rápida de la capacidad funcional en la región afectada por el traumatismo. Se observaron también menos efectos adversos con el uso del medicamento combinado en comparación con el medicamento constituido por bencidamina sola. De esta manera se puede concluir que la inclusión de mentol y salicilato de metilo en la crema para el tratamiento tópico de los traumatismos ofrece un tratamiento más eficiente y seguro que la bencidamina sola
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Anti-Inflammatory Agents/therapeutic use , Athletic Injuries/therapy , Menthol/therapeutic use , Salicylates/therapeutic use , Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/therapeutic useABSTRACT
El receptor de trasplante renal tiene mayor frecuencia de complicaciones quirúrgicas en contraste con la población general debido a que sufre de una enfermedad crónica con profunda repercusión multiorgánica, es sometido a un extenso trauma quirúrgico durante el trasplante y a una profunda inmunodepresión terapéutica. En este informe describimos la frecuencia de complicaciones quirúrgicas no relacionadas al trasplante en nuestra población de pacientes con trasplante renal efectuado entre enero de 1992 a febrero de 1997. Durante este periodo efectuamos 262 trasplantes renales. A 35 pacientes (13.23 por ciento) se les realizó cirugía general. Hubo 21 hombres y 14 mujeres con edad promedio de 35.8 años (21 a 59). El promedio de seguimiento fue de 31.4 meses. La cirugía general se efectuó a los 10. S meses en promedio después del trasplante. La cirugía más frecuente fue: laparotomía exploradora 15/35 (42.8 por ciento), plastía abdominal 5/35 (14.2 por ciento), colecistectomía 4/35 (11.4 por ciento). En 25 pacientes la cirugía se efectuó de urgencia (71.4 por ciento) y en 10 casos fue cirugía electiva (28.5 por ciento). En 7 pacientes (20 por ciento) hubo disfunción del aloinjerto, 6 casos fueron cirugía de urgencia No hubo pérdida de injertos. La sobrevida de este grupo a 5 años fue de 86.7 por ciento vs 31 pacientes con donador vivo idéntico 87.1 por ciento que no fue significativo. En conclusión la cirugía general más frecuente fue la realizada de urgencia sin pérdidas del aloinjerto ni afección a la sobrevida del injerto.
Subject(s)
Humans , Animals , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , General Surgery , Elective Surgical Procedures , Kidney Transplantation/immunology , Immunocompromised Host , Postoperative ComplicationsABSTRACT
Objetivo. Revisar la experiencia en pacientes con trasplante renal con énfasis en las características de presentación del fenómeno de rechazo inmunológico. Sede. Unidad de Trasplantes del Hospital de Especialidaes del Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI del IMSS. Diseño. Estudio retrospectivo, longitudinal. Informe de casos. Pacientes. Se estudiaron, en un lapso de 6 y diez meses (febrero de 1986 a diciembre de 1992), 213 pacientes portadores de insufieicencia renal crónica, los que recibieron 217 trasplantes. Ciento noventa y seis de ellos tuvieron un donador vivo relacionado, 19 un donador cadáver y 2 un donador vivo emocionalmente relacionado. Método. En este grupo se registró la edad, sexo, tipo de donador, compartibilidad antigénica, el número de rechazos, el tiempo de presentación, la causa de la pérdida del injerto y la mortalidad. Se estimó la sobrevivencia actuarial del paciente y del injerto. Once pacientes suspendieron el seguimiento. Resultados. En 203 pacientes se observó que 30 (14 por ciento) perdieron la función del aloinjerto por rechazo inmunológico. El promedio de rechazos, por paciente fue de 0.7. En los primeros 6 meses postranplante se presentaron 71 por ciento de los rechazos. Pacientes con 0 haplotipo de compatibilidad presentaro la mayor frecuencia de rechazo (59 por ciento). Veintidós pacientes tuvieron pérdida del injerto por rechazo crónico y 8 por rechazo agudo. Cinco pacientes recibieron anticuerpos OKT3 por rechazo reistente, sólo en un caso se logró función estable por más de 6 meses. Conclusión. Nuestra experiencia sugiere que el fenómeno de rechazo incide en la sobrevivencia del aloinjerto, sin embargo su prevalencia es aceptable y permite lograr resultados satisfactorios en una población de trasplantados
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Humans , Male , Female , Graft vs Host Disease/diagnosis , Kidney Transplantation/immunologySubject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Albuminuria , Angiotensin I/antagonists & inhibitors , Captopril/administration & dosage , Captopril/therapeutic use , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/complications , Diuretics/therapeutic use , Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/epidemiology , Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/etiology , Diabetic Nephropathies/etiology , Diabetic Retinopathy/etiology , Uremia/etiologyABSTRACT
Uno de los principales problemas a los que se enfrenta el pediatra en los servicios de Urgencias y Terapia Intensiva, es el síndrome de choque cuya fisiopatología es compleja, rápidamente progresiva y puede conducir a la muerte. Rápidamente progresiva y puede conducir a la muerte. El choque hipovolémico es el tipo más común en nuestro medio por la elevada prevalencia de las gastroenteritis. El choque séptico tiene particular importancia dada su elevada frecuencia, complicada fisiopatogenia y muy elevada mortalidad. En todos los casos se requiere un juicio clínico cuidadoso y un tratamiento rápido y enérgico que permita salvar la vida del niño y permitir entonces el manejo de la enfermedad desencadenante. El objetivo primordial del tratamiento consiste en mantener la integridad celular con excelente ventilación alveolar, gasto cardiaco, volumen vascular, transporte de oxígeno y una curva de disociación de la hemoglobina adecuada que permita la óptima liberación del oxígeno a los tejidos. Existe una amplia gama de recursos para monitorizar a estos niños, la mayor parte de ellos sencillos que evalúan el funcionamiento celular y permiten un tratamiento dinámico, como debe ser en estos pacientes