Effectiveness of child sexual abuse prevention programs on knowledge acquisition: A meta-analytical study.

BACKGROUND: Child sexual abuse (CSA) is a type of maltreatment considered a global health problem. CSA is a traumatic experience with important consequences for the victim's health. It is essential to report the effectiveness of CSA prevention programs to offer society useful tools to combat this abuse. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to study the effectiveness of CSA prevention programs on the knowledge acquisition based on comparing pre- and post-treatment changes, and also if their effectiveness is related to program-related and methodological variables. PARTICIPANTS AND SETTINGS: Standardised mean change (with studies that report pre-post program measures) of the effectiveness of CSA prevention programs published between 2014 and 2021 was carried out. METHODS: The general effectiveness of these programs and whether the results were influenced by program-related variables (the duration, the target population, participants' age, or the type of intervention) or by methodology-related factors (the agent who taught them, the geographical area where they were carried out or the way the programs were evaluated) were analysed. A total of 43 samples analysing knowledge about CSA as a dependent variable were included. RESULTS: The results reported a combined effect size considered large (dMR = -0.96, 95 % CI [-1.10, -0.82], p < .001). High inter-study heterogeneity was observed in the meta-analysis, although only the geographic area where the studies were conducted appears as a significant moderator. CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, the prevention programs included in this analysis significantly improved the participants' knowledge acquisition.

Knowledge and Myths About Child Sexual Abuse in Mexican Women.

Child sexual abuse (CSA) is a terrible type of maltreatment that occurs in all countries and social statuses, but due to the shame and taboo that it creates, it is still riddled with myths and false beliefs that make it difficult for the population and the authorities to adequately determine its prevalence. The objective of this work was to explore what Mexican women know about CSA. The participants were Mexican women (N = 499) who filled out a questionnaire comprising ten items referring to truths and myths about CSA, indicating their degree of agreement with them on a Likert scale. The results showed that although Mexican women have quite adequate knowledge about CSA, they still hold wrong beliefs about the child's feelings toward the abuser or the child victim becoming an adult abuser. Likewise, differences were found in the myths and truths about CSA held by women under 40 and over 40 years of age.

What Do We Know About Child Sexual Abuse? Myths and Truths in Spain.

Child sexual abuse (CSA) is a terrible type of maltreatment that can have serious physical and psychological consequences for victims. These consequences include shame and are often taboo in conversation, which makes CSA very difficult to see. Therefore, multiple myths exist about CSA that can lead to misperceptions regarding issues such as its context, prevalence, and consequences. What is unknown cannot be addressed; therefore, the aim of this work was to investigate Spanish participants' knowledge about CSA as well as examine gender and educational level differences. A 10-item questionnaire comprising myths and truths about CSA was developed, taking into account existing literature. Participants (N = 1,540) had to rate their level of agreement with the statements. Some important aspects of CSA remain unclear, particularly in terms of the background of the victims (e.g., gender, educational level, CSA prevalence). Significant differences in the perception of CSA between men and women and among those with various educational levels were found: Men and people with lower levels of education held more myths about CSA. In conclusion, better knowledge about CSA is needed to get people involved in its prevention. We must consider the myths and truths about CSA when designing prevention programs and tailor educational programs to the target population.

Prevalence of Child Sexual Abuse in Spain: A Representative Sample Study.

The prevalence of child sexual abuse (CSA) is difficult to assess, and rates vary widely across studies due to methodological and sample differences. In Spain, prevalence data from representative samples are lacking. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of different CSA experiences in a sample that was representative of the Spanish population in terms of gender, age, and region. The sample comprised 1,071 (539 male and 532 female) Spanish adults (Mage = 45.37; SD = 14.84). Participants completed an anonymous online survey about different types of CSA and were asked whether they had disclosed the experience at the time. Prevalence was analyzed as a function of gender and generation. Results indicated prevalence rates ranging from 2.8% to 18.5%, depending on the type of experience. The most common experience suffered during childhood was being shown pornographic material, while that with the lowest prevalence was being forced to perform a sexual act involving penetration. Prevalence was higher in females than males for eight of the ten experiences considered. Young adults from Generation Z were the most likely to report having suffered three of the CSA experiences, two of them related to technology. Only 27.5% of respondents said that they had told someone about the abuse at the time, mainly their mother (more common among females) or a friend/peer (more frequent among males). The results suggest that CSA is prevalent in Spain, with considerable rates for several types of abusive experience, especially among females and the youngest generation. The implications of the results are discussed. The findings may inform social policy and the development of effective prevention programs.

Victims and Perpetrators of Child Sexual Abuse: Abusive Contact and Penetration Experiences.

Child sexual abuse (CSA) includes abusive contact experiences, which habitually impact the victim's whole life. This study aims to analyze the characteristics of six CSA experiences with physical contact, including penetration, in a representative sample of the Spanish population. Participants were 1071 Spanish adults (53% males; Mage: 45.37) who completed the Child Sexual Abuse Experiences Questionnaire. The victim's age at the first episode, the perpetrator's characteristics, and the number of times that each experience occurred were analyzed, taking into account gender differences. Results were reported for every experience independently. The most prevalent age at the first experience was from 6 years old onwards, but with differences in some experiences. The abuses usually happened more than once, committed by the same person. The most prevalent perpetrator is a male, although a female perpetrator is more prevalent in male victims. Most of the abuses were committed by an adult acquaintance, a strange adult, and other minors, with some gender differences. The implications of the results concerning every CSA experience are discussed, highlighting their value for future research and practice, the design of preventive programs, and early detection of CSA.

Child Sexual Abuse in Mexican Women: Type of Experience, Age, Perpetrator, and Disclosure.

Child sexual abuse (CSA) is a type of maltreatment that occurs in practically all countries and social statuses. Due to the taboo and shame that surrounds it, CSA is a problem universally silenced despite the important consequences (both physical and psychological) that it has for the victim and their family. This work aimed to study the correlates of CSA in Mexican women. Our sample comprised 1058 women ranged from 18 to 73 years (M = 40.19; SD = 10.24). They completed an anonymous online survey including questions about all the different types of abuse, questions about who perpetrated it, at what age it happened, and whether the victim disclosed the abuse. Our results showed that, depending on the type of abuse, from 13.9% to 65.8% of the participants had suffered at least one episode of CSA throughout their childhood. The first episode typically occurred between 6 and 12 years old, with the perpetrator being a male. The youngest women reported higher rates of being shown pornography by a family member, whereas the oldest ones reported higher rates of exhibitionism by a stranger. Only 31.3% of the sample disclosed the abuse, usually to their mother or a peer. Differences among the correlates of the different types of abuse, the age of the victims, and the relationship with the perpetrator are discussed as well as the victims' feelings of being believed when they disclosed the abuse.

Spanish Women's Experiences of Child Sexual Abuse.

BACKGROUND: Child sexual abuse (CSA) is a type of maltreatment that women appear to be at higher risk of. In Spain, studies are scarce and outdated. The objective of this study was to analyze the experiences of CSA in a sample of Spanish women. METHOD: The sample comprised 968 women (M = 39.82 years, SD = 12.71). Participants completed an anonymous online survey about their childhood experiences. RESULTS: The prevalence of CSA ranged from 9.8% to 53.1%, and most commonly involved being rubbed against or fondled. The first episode most frequently occurred between 6 and 12 years old, and the perpetrator was commonly a man, either a family member or stranger. Half of the women told someone about the experience, usually their mother or a peer. The earlier the first experience, the higher the number of different types of sexual abuse, with more physical contact and more perpetrators. Generation Z (age 18-23) reported the fewest instances of CSA. CONCLUSIONS: Women reported high rates of CSA experiences, although the youngest generation seems to be more protected. The paper discusses the experiences reported, the women's age at the time of the first episode, the relationship to the perpetrator, and generational differences, as well as the importance of providing up-to-date information about CSA.

Spanish Women’s Experiences of Child Sexual Abuse / Experiencias de Abuso Sexual Infantil en Mujeres Españolas

Background: Child sexual abuse (CSA) is a type of maltreatment that women appear to be at higher risk of. In Spain, studies are scarce and outdated. The objective of this study was to analyze the experiences of CSA in a sample of Spanish women. Method: The sample comprised 968 women (M = 39.82 years, SD = 12.71). Participants completed an anonymous online survey about their childhood experiences. Results: The prevalence of CSA ranged from 9.8% to 53.1%, and most commonly involved being rubbed against or fondled. The fi rst episode most frequently occurred between 6 and 12 years old, and the perpetrator was commonly a man, either a family member or stranger. Half of the women told someone about the experience, usually their mother or a peer. The earlier the fi rst experience, the higher the number of different types of sexual abuse, with more physical contact and more perpetrators. Generation Z (age 18-23) reported the fewest instances of CSA. Conclusions: Women reported high rates of CSA experiences, although the youngest generation seems to be more protected. The paper discusses the experiences reported, the women´s age at the time of the fi rst episode, the relationship to the perpetrator, and generational differences, as well as the importance of providing up-to-date information about CSA. (AU)

Antecedentes: el abuso sexual infantil (ASI) es un tipo de maltrato en el que las mujeres tienen mayor riesgo. En España, los estudios son escasos y no están actualizados. El objetivo fue analizar las experiencias de ASI en una muestra de mujeres españolas. Método: 968 mujeres (M= 39.82 años, DT = 12.71) completaron una encuesta anónima online sobre sus experiencias en la infancia. Resultados: se encuentra una prevalencia entre 9,8% y 53,1%, siendo más frecuente el haber sido rozada o manoseada. El primer episodio ocurrió más frecuentemente entre los 6 y 12 años, siendo el perpetrador masculino, familiar o extraño. La mitad de las mujeres contaron su experiencia habitualmente a su madre o a un igual. Cuanto más temprana fue la experiencia, más abusos diferentes se experimentaron, con más contacto físico, y más perpetradores. La generación Z (nacidas a partir de 1997; edad 18-23) fue la que menos ASI informó. Conclusiones: se encuentra alta prevalencia de ASI, donde la generación más joven parece más protegida. Se comentan los resultados relativos a estas experiencias, la edad del primer episodio, la relación con el perpetrador y las diferencias generacionales, así como la importancia de proveer de información actualizada sobre ASI. (AU)

Spanish and Chilean Standardizations of the Personality Assessment Inventory: the Influence of Sex.

There is growing interest in the adaptation of psychological questionnaires in different countries, due to the need for cross-cultural research using the same tests adapted to diverse populations. This paper presents the standardization of the Personality Assessment Inventory (PAI; Morey, 1991, 2007) in Spain and Chile (both Spanish-speaking countries). The Spanish sample was made up of 940 people (461 men and 479 women), and the Chilean sample of 569 people (231 men and 338 women). Results revealed that the Chilean means were higher than those of the Spanish sample at confidence level 99.9%, although the associated effect sizes were generally small to moderate (partial eta-square between 0.008 and 0.187). Sex differences in the variables evaluated were commented on, and the importance of cross-cultural research and the influence of sex on personality and psychopathology variables were discussed.

Spanish and Chilean standardizations of the personality assessment inventory: the influence of sex

There is growing interest in the adaptation of psychological questionnaires in different countries, due to the need for cross-cultural research using the same tests adapted to diverse populations. This paper presents the standardization of the Personality Assessment Inventory (PAI; Morey, 1991, 2007) in Spain and Chile (both Spanish-speaking countries). The Spanish sample was made up of 940 people (461 men and 479 women), and the Chilean sample of 569 people (231 men and 338 women). Results revealed that the Chilean means were higher than those of the Spanish sample at confidence level 99.9%, although the associated effect sizes were generally small to moderate (partial etasquare between 0.008 and 0.187). Sex differences in the variables evaluated were commented on, and the importance of cross-cultural research and the influence of sex on personality and psychopathology variables were discussed (AU)

No disponible

Analysis of adolescent profiles by gender: strengths, attitudes toward violence and sexism

The present study analyzes the profiles of boys and girls, considering gender, in the early stages of adolescence in the variables of character strengths, attitudes toward diversity and violence, and sexism. The aim is to explore the gender differences, whether the variables in each set differ from one another and whether these differences are maintained in profiles for boys and girls. The participants were 527 students (mean age = 12.21 and SD = 0.53) from the city of Málaga (Spain). Profile analysis was used to analyze data. The results, using an alpha of 0.0021 for each contrast, indicate that boys and girls differ in their character strengths, particularly in the case of girls, whose prominent strengths relate to pro-social behavior and peer relationships, where Cohen's d are higher than .30. Moreover, boys justify attitudes of violence to a greater extent (Cohen's d from .44 to .81) and show greater agreement with sexist beliefs (d = .63). The research suggests that it would be of interest to encourage advancement in character strengths at this age (AU)

No disponible

Positive psychology group intervention for breast cancer patients: a randomised trial.

This study assessed the effects of a psychological group intervention based on positive psychology in women with breast cancer. 175 women were randomly assigned either to an experimental group, receiving the 14-session intervention (n = 87), or to a wait list group (n = 88) that did not receive any type of intervention. For treatment, a group intervention was applied, based on improving psychological strengths and enhancing positive psychology-based styles of coping. Strength-related outcomes, self-esteem, well-being, and happiness were assessed before and after the intervention. The experimental group showed higher scores on all of the study variables after the intervention. Participants reported improved self-esteem, emotional intelligence-related abilities, resilience, and optimism, as well as positive affectivity, well-being, and happiness. The results show a beneficial effect of this psychological intervention based on positive psychology on female breast cancer patients' psychological health.

Analysis of adolescent profiles by gender: strengths, attitudes toward violence and sexism.

The present study analyzes the profiles of boys and girls, considering gender, in the early stages of adolescence in the variables of character strengths, attitudes toward diversity and violence, and sexism. The aim is to explore the gender differences, whether the variables in each set differ from one another and whether these differences are maintained in profiles for boys and girls. The participants were 527 students (mean age = 12.21 and SD = 0.53) from the city of Málaga (Spain). Profile analysis was used to analyze data. The results, using an alpha of 0.0021 for each contrast, indicate that boys and girls differ in their character strengths, particularly in the case of girls, whose prominent strengths relate to pro-social behavior and peer relationships, where Cohen´s d are higher than .30. Moreover, boys justify attitudes of violence to a greater extent (Cohen´s d from .44 to .81) and show greater agreement with sexist beliefs (d = .63). The research suggests that it would be of interest to encourage advancement in character strengths at this age.

Valoración de resultados y perfil psicosocial de un programa de rehabilitación de personas con drogodependencias / Evaluation results and psychosocial profile of a rehabilitation program for people with drug abuse

Se describen los resultados y el perfil psicosocial de las personas atendidas durante los últimos 3 años en un programa de rehabilitación en drogodependencias del Proyecto Hombre en Málaga. La muestra seleccionada ha sido de 96 personas entre 18 y 56 años (M=31.31, DT=14.20), el 83.3% hombres y 16.7% mujeres. El porcentaje de altas terapéuticas se sitúa en el 22.9%. Se han estudiado las diversas características psicosociales, relacionándolas con la probabilidad de alta, abandono o recaída en adicciones. Se detallan los resultados y análisis estadísticos en torno a características personales, familiares y de consumo. Se ha encontrado como factor fundamental relacionado con los abandonos: el policonsumo, el abuso emocional y físico, y especialmente la cantidad de conflictos familiares. Se sugieren orientaciones terapéuticas que mejoren los resultados y resuelvan los conflictos familiares que podrían ser un factor importante en las recaí-das y abandonos del programa (AU)

This research group carried out an evaluation of data collected over the last 3 years, from the drug addiction rehabilitation program Proyecto Hombre Málaga. The sample consisted of 96 participants from 18 to 56 years old (M=31.31, DT=14.20), i.e., 83.3% male and 16.7% female. The rate of success, those who finished the therapeutic program success-fully, was 22.9%. The various psychosocial characteristics were studied, and related to the likelihood of therapeutic success, dropouts and relapse back into addiction. Details of the results and statistical analysis of the personal characteristics, family and consumer products are shown. The principal factors related to dropouts were found to be: poly-drug use, physical and emotional abuse and especially, frequent family conflicts. Therapeutic guidelines are suggested which improve the overall results and help resolve family conflicts that could be an important factor for relapse and for dropping out of the program (AU)

Psychological values as protective factors against sexist attitudes in preadolescents / Valores psicológicos como factores de protección ante actitudes sexistas en preadolescentes

Background: Sexist attitudes are one of the factors that justify domestic violence. Positive psychology can provide keys to prevent sexist violence at an early age. Psychological values are a group of psychological strengths in a person’s development. They provide important clues for the prevention of gender-based violence. Method: This study presents an assessment of two groups of variables, sexist attitudes and beliefs and psychological values, in a sample of 449 (213 boys and 236 girls) preadolescents from various schools (mean age: 12). We analyze the relationship between these variables. We used the Values in Action Inventory (VIA-Y), the Questionnaire of Attitudes towards Diversity and Violence (CADV) and the Ambivalent Sexism Inventory (ASI). Results: The results show that sexism variables are related to each other and negatively to the psychological values in boys and girls. Conclusions: We discuss the importance of prevention programs being appropriately developed and, probably, different programs for each sex (AU)

Antecedentes: el sexismo y las actitudes sexistas son algunos de los factores precursores de la justificación de la violencia de pareja. La psicología positiva puede aportar claves al estudio y prevención de la violencia sexista en edades tempranas. Los valores psicológicos, como conjunto de fortalezas psicológicas para el desarrollo de la persona, aportan pistas importantes en la prevención de la violencia sexista. Método: este estudio presenta una evaluación de dos conjuntos de variables, por un lado, las actitudes y creencias sexistas y, por otro, los valores psicológicos en una muestra de 449 estudiantes preadolescentes (213 chicos y 236 chicas) de diversos centros escolares (edad media: 12 años), para posteriormente analizar la relación entre dichas variables. Se ha utilizado para la recogida de datos el Values in Action Inventory (VIA-Y), el Cuestionario de Actitudes hacia la Diversidad y la Violencia (CADV) y el Inventario de Sexismo Ambivalente (ISA). Resultados: los resultados muestran que las variables de sexismo se relacionan entre sí y de forma inversa con los valores psicológicos, tanto en los chicos como en las chicas. Conclusiones: se comenta su importancia para el desarrollo de programas de prevención que pudieran ser diferenciados para ambos sexos (AU)

Psychological values as protective factors against sexist attitudes in preadolescents.

BACKGROUND: Sexist attitudes are one of the factors that justify domestic violence. Positive psychology can provide keys to prevent sexist violence at an early age. Psychological values are a group of psychological strengths in a person's development. They provide important clues for the prevention of gender-based violence. METHOD: This study presents an assessment of two groups of variables, sexist attitudes and beliefs and psychological values, in a sample of 449 (213 boys and 236 girls) preadolescents from various schools (mean age: 12). We analyze the relationship between these variables. We used the Values in Action Inventory (VIA-Y), the Questionnaire of Attitudes towards Diversity and Violence (CADV) and the Ambivalent Sexism Inventory (ASI). RESULTS: The results show that sexism variables are related to each other and negatively to the psychological values in boys and girls. CONCLUSIONS: We discuss the importance of prevention programs being appropriately developed and, probably, different programs for each sex.

Subjective quality of life of people with intellectual disabilities: the role of emotional competence on their subjective well-being.

BACKGROUND: For decades, the field of quality of life for people with intellectual disabilities has focused on the improving the external life conditions. However, scarce research has examined the contribution of person-related psychological resources such as emotional competence (EC) on well-being in this population. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Using a cross-sectional design, 139 adults with intellectual disabilities completed different measures: Subjective Happiness Scale, Satisfaction with Life Scale, Positive Affect and Negative Affect Scale and Wong and Law Emotional Intelligence Scale. RESULTS: Emotional competence shows a positive and significant association with life satisfaction and happiness. EC dimensions were predictors of well-being beyond socio-demographic variables and dispositional affectivity. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings provide preliminary evidence of the potential value of considering EC in the improvement in the quality of life of people with intellectual disabilities. Professionals interested in intellectual disabilities care might consider training programmes based on EC as an additional intervention strategy aimed at improving well-being.

Cambios emocionales y alteraciones en la Inmunoglobulina A (IgA) tras el tratamiento psicológico en mujeres víctimas de violencia doméstica / Emotional changes and Inmunoglobulin A (IgA) after psychological treatment in women victims of domestic violence

El objetivo de este estudio ha sido determinar, en mujeres víctimas de maltrato, los beneficios de un tratamiento psicológico y evaluar su impacto en la salud psicológica y en el sistema inmune. Las participantes fueron 60 mujeres usuarias del Área de Igualdad del Ayuntamiento de Málaga. Se constituyeron 2 grupos en función de si acudieron o no a la terapia psicológica. Se evaluaron antes y después del tratamiento las variables psicológicas Autoestima, Depresión y Ansiedad, así como el nivel de Inmunoglobulina A en saliva. Los resultados muestran diferencias en las mujeres que recibieron el tratamiento antes y después de éste en todas las variables, mejorando en todos los indicadores. Estas diferencias no se observan en las mujeres que no acudieron a las sesiones de terapia, y en alguna variable, como depresión e Inmunoglobulina A, incluso existe un empeoramiento. Entre ambos grupos existen diferencias en todas las variables después del tratamiento, así, las mujeres que lo recibieron muestran menos indicadores de alteración psicológica y mayor nivel de Inmunoglobulina A; en el pretratamiento en cambio, estas diferencias no se encontraron. Se hace patente la importancia del tratamiento psicológico en esta población, tanto para su salud psicológica como física (AU)

The aim of this study was to determine the benefits of a psychological treatment in women victims of mistreatments in psychological health and in the immune system. The participants in this study were 60 women users of the Equality Area of the City Council of Malaga. We set two groups of women up in relation of whether the women attended or not to the given therapy. Psychological variables (self-esteem, depression and anxiety) and levels of Inmunoglobulin A were evaluated before and after the treatment. The results showed differences between all the variables before and after the treatment, with better valuation after the treatment. These differences were not shown in women that did not assist to the therapeutic sessions, and even, the values of depression and immunoglobulin A levels were worse. We found also differences in the values of these variables when the two groups were compared. Women that received the treatment showed fewer indicators of psychological alterations and higher levels of immunoglobulin A than the women that did not assist to the sessions; in the pre-treatment these differences were not shown. This study enhances the significance of the psychological treatment for psychological and physic health in women victims of abuses (AU)

Personality, emotions and coping styles: predictive value for the evolution of cancer patients.

This study had a twofold goal: to define differences in psychological aspects between cancer patients and a control group and to explore the predictive value of such aspects for the evolution of the disease two years later. Firstly, personality, anxiety, anger and depression were assessed in both groups. Results of t-analyses revealed significant group differences. In personality, cancer patients had higher levels of neuroticism and lower levels of extraversion, agreeableness and conscientiousness than the control group. In emotional variables, cancer patients had higher levels of anxiety and some aspects of anger, but there were no group differences in depression levels. Secondly, applying a quasi-prospective design, the predictive value of personality, emotions and coping styles for the evolution of cancer (favourable or unfavourable) was explored using generalized linear models and logistic regression. A four-predictor logistic model was fitted: Anger Expression-In, Resignation, Self-blame and Conscientiousness, indicating that the higher Anger Expression-in, Resignation, and Self-blame scores together with a lower Conscientiousness score, the more likely it is for patients' cancer to evolve unfavourably. These results indicate the crucial role of psychological aspects for the evolution of the disease and the need to include such aspects in the design of clinical interventions.

Personality, emotions and coping styles: predictive value for the evolution of cancer patients

This study had a twofold goal: to define differences in psychological aspects between cancer patients and a control group and to explore the predictive value of such aspects for the evolution of the disease two years later. Firstly, personality, anxiety, anger and depression were assessed in both groups. Results of t-analyses revealed significant group differences. In personality, cancer patients had higher levels of neuroticism and lower levels of extraversion, agreeableness and conscientiousness than the control group. In emotional variables, cancer patients had higher levels of anxiety and some aspects of anger, but there were no group differences in depression levels. Secondly, applying a quasi-prospective design, the predictive value of personality, emotions and coping styles for the evolution of cancer (favourable or unfavourable) was explored using generalized linear models and logistic regression. A four-predictor logistic model was fitted: Anger Expression-In, Resignation, Self-blame and Conscientiousness, indicating that the higher Anger Expression-in, Resignation, and Self-blame scores together with a lower Conscientiousness score, the more likely it is for patients’ cancer to evolve unfavourably. These results indicate the crucial role of psychological aspects for the evolution of the disease and the need to include such aspects in the design of clinical interventions (AU)

Este estudio tiene un doble objetivo: describir las diferencias en los aspectos psicológicos entre los pacientes con cáncer y un grupo control, y explorar el posible valor predictivo de estos aspectos en la evolución de la enfermedad dos años más tarde. En primer lugar, se evaluaron en ambos grupos variables de personalidad, ansiedad, ira y depresión. Los resultados de los análisis t mostraron diferencias significativas entre los dos grupos. En personalidad, los pacientes con cáncer mostraron niveles más altos de neuroticismo y niveles más bajos de extraversión, afabilidad y concienciación que el grupo control. En variables emocionales, los pacientes con cáncer presentaron puntuaciones más elevadas en ansiedad y en algunos aspectos de la ira, pero no hubo diferencias entre los grupos en los niveles de depresión. En segundo lugar, aplicando un diseño cuasi-prospectivo, se analizó el valor predictivo de la personalidad, las emociones y los estilos de afrontamiento en la evolución del cáncer (favorable o desfavorable), mediante modelos lineales generalizados y de regresión logística. Se ajustó un modelo logístico de cuatro predictores: Ira interna, Resignación, Autoculpación y Concienciación, indicando que altas puntuaciones en Ira interna, Resignación, Autoculpación, junto con puntuaciones bajas en Concienciación, presentaban mayor probabilidad de relacionarse con una evolución desfavorable del cáncer. Estos resultados apoyan el papel crucial de los aspectos psicológicos en la evolución de la enfermedad y la necesidad de incluirlos en el diseño de las intervenciones clínicas (AU)