ABSTRACT
Neste estudo, realizou-se genotipagem de isolados de Mycobacterium bovis, provenientes de amostras de tecidos de bovinos positivos no teste cervical comparativo (TCC) para tuberculose em Mato Grosso do Sul, por meio da técnica de spoligotyping. Tecidos de 13 bovinos positivos, oriundos de diferentes municípios do estado, foram cultivados em meio de Stonebrink. As colônias resultantes foram submetidas à coloração de Ziehl-Neelsen e todos os isolados apresentaram características tintoriais de BAAR. Os 13 isolados de BAAR foram identificados por PCR multiplex (mPCR). O gene hsp65 foi alvo para identificação de Mycobacterium spp, a sequência de inserção IS6110 foi alvo para identificação de complexo Mycobacterium tuberculosis (CMT) e a região rvd1rv2031c foi explorada para detecção de M. bovis. Os isolados micobacterianos foram genotipados pela técnica de spoligotyping. Dos 13 bovinos, sete tinham pelo menos uma lesão sugestiva de tuberculose em linfonodos retrofaríngeos, parotídeos e pulmonares ou no pulmão, e em seis não foram encontradas lesões visíveis sugestivas da doença. Na mPCR, 11/13 (84,6%) isolados foram positivos para Mycobacterium spp, 8/13 (61,5%) positivos para CMT e 7/13 (53,8%) positivos para M. bovis. Com base no spoligotyping, oito isolados de BAAR foram agrupados dentro de três diferentes agrupamentos de genótipos e uma amostra remanescente apresentou perfil único, sendo quatro isolados com padrão de espoligotipo SB0121, dois SB1145, dois SB0881 e um SB0140. A técnica de spoligotyping demonstrou que há diversidade genética entre os espoligotipos presentes no estado de Mato Grosso do Sul, embora predomine o perfil SB0121.
Spoligotyping was performed in the present study to genotype Mycobacterium bovis isolates obtained from tissues of cattle that were positive in the comparative intradermal tuberculin test (CITT) in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul (Brazil). Tissue samples from 13 positive cattle from different municipalities of the state were cultured using a Stonebrink medium. The resulting colonies were subjected to Ziehl-Neelsen staining and all isolates exhibited the staining characteristics of AFB. The 13 isolates of AFB were identified by means of a multiplex PCR (mPCR) assay. The hsp65 gene was targeted for the identification of Mycobacterium spp., whereas the IS6110 insertion sequence was targeted for the identification of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTC) and the rvd1rv2031c region was explored for the detection of Mycobacterium bovis. The spoligotyping assay was performed to genotype mycobacterial isolates. Of the 13 cattle, seven had at least one lesion suggestive of tuberculosis in the retropharyngeal, parotid and lung lymph nodes or lung. The remaining six exhibited no lesions suggestive of the disease. In the mPCR, 11 of the 13 isolates (84.6%) were positive for Mycobacterium spp., 8/13 (61.5%) were positive for the MTC and 7/13 (53.8%) were positive for M. bovis. Based on the spoligotyping, eight isolates were grouped into three different groups of genotypes and one isolate exhibited an orphan type. Four isolates exhibited spoligotype pattern SB0121, while two isolates were associated with the pattern SB1145, another two were associated with pattern SB0881 and one was associated with pattern SB0140. Spoligotyping confirmed the genetic diversity present among isolates found in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul. In addition, SB0121 was confirmed as the predominant profile.
Subject(s)
Animals , Cattle , Cattle/microbiology , Mycobacterium bovis/genetics , Intradermal Tests/veterinary , Tuberculosis, Bovine/diagnosis , Mycobacterium bovis/isolation & purification , Polymerase Chain Reaction/veterinaryABSTRACT
Neste estudo, realizou-se genotipagem de isolados de Mycobacterium bovis, provenientes de amostras de tecidos de bovinos positivos no teste cervical comparativo (TCC) para tuberculose em Mato Grosso do Sul, por meio da técnica de spoligotyping. Tecidos de 13 bovinos positivos, oriundos de diferentes municípios do estado, foram cultivados em meio de Stonebrink. As colônias resultantes foram submetidas à coloração de Ziehl-Neelsen e todos os isolados apresentaram características tintoriais de BAAR. Os 13 isolados de BAAR foram identificados por PCR multiplex (mPCR). O gene hsp65 foi alvo para identificação de Mycobacterium spp, a sequência de inserção IS6110 foi alvo para identificação de complexo Mycobacterium tuberculosis (CMT) e a região rvd1rv2031c foi explorada para detecção de M. bovis. Os isolados micobacterianos foram genotipados pela técnica de spoligotyping. Dos 13 bovinos, sete tinham pelo menos uma lesão sugestiva de tuberculose em linfonodos retrofaríngeos, parotídeos e pulmonares ou no pulmão, e em seis não foram encontradas lesões visíveis sugestivas da doença. Na mPCR, 11/13 (84,6%) isolados foram positivos para Mycobacterium spp, 8/13 (61,5%) positivos para CMT e 7/13 (53,8%) positivos para M. bovis. Com base no spoligotyping, oito isolados de BAAR foram agrupados dentro de três diferentes agrupamentos de genótipos e uma amostra remanescente apresentou perfil único, sendo quatro isolados com padrão de espoligotipo SB0121, dois SB1145, dois SB0881 e um SB0140. A técnica de spoligotyping demonstrou que há diversidade genética entre os espoligotipos presentes no estado de Mato Grosso do Sul, embora predomine o perfil SB0121.(AU)
Spoligotyping was performed in the present study to genotype Mycobacterium bovis isolates obtained from tissues of cattle that were positive in the comparative intradermal tuberculin test (CITT) in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul (Brazil). Tissue samples from 13 positive cattle from different municipalities of the state were cultured using a Stonebrink medium. The resulting colonies were subjected to Ziehl-Neelsen staining and all isolates exhibited the staining characteristics of AFB. The 13 isolates of AFB were identified by means of a multiplex PCR (mPCR) assay. The hsp65 gene was targeted for the identification of Mycobacterium spp., whereas the IS6110 insertion sequence was targeted for the identification of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTC) and the rvd1rv2031c region was explored for the detection of Mycobacterium bovis. The spoligotyping assay was performed to genotype mycobacterial isolates. Of the 13 cattle, seven had at least one lesion suggestive of tuberculosis in the retropharyngeal, parotid and lung lymph nodes or lung. The remaining six exhibited no lesions suggestive of the disease. In the mPCR, 11 of the 13 isolates (84.6%) were positive for Mycobacterium spp., 8/13 (61.5%) were positive for the MTC and 7/13 (53.8%) were positive for M. bovis. Based on the spoligotyping, eight isolates were grouped into three different groups of genotypes and one isolate exhibited an orphan type. Four isolates exhibited spoligotype pattern SB0121, while two isolates were associated with the pattern SB1145, another two were associated with pattern SB0881 and one was associated with pattern SB0140. Spoligotyping confirmed the genetic diversity present among isolates found in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul. In addition, SB0121 was confirmed as the predominant profile.(AU)
Subject(s)
Animals , Cattle , Cattle/microbiology , Tuberculosis, Bovine/diagnosis , Intradermal Tests/veterinary , Mycobacterium bovis/genetics , Mycobacterium bovis/isolation & purification , Polymerase Chain Reaction/veterinaryABSTRACT
O teste intradérmico para o diagnóstico da tuberculose bovina utiliza derivados proteicos purificados (PPD) de Mycobacterium bovis que são capazes de induzir reações de hipersensibilidade em animais infectados. No entanto, apresenta baixa especificidade devido à ocorrência de reações cruzadas com outras micobactérias. Neste sentido, o objetivo desse trabalho foi produzir proteínas recombinantes (ESAT-6, PE13, PE5 e ESX-1) de Mycobacterium bovis e avaliá-las como antígenos em teste intradérmico utilizando Cavia porcellus como modelo, e verificar se as condições empregadas na purificação (nativa ou desnaturante) interferem no desempenho antigênico dessas proteínas. As proteínas foram testadas em Cavia porcellus previamente sensibilizados com cepa M. bovis AN5 inativada, individualmente (160 µg) ou combinadas na forma de um coquetel (40 µg cada). O coquetel de proteínas induziu reações de hipersensibilidade nos animais sensibilizados significativamente superiores (p=0,002) as observadas nos animais não sensibilizados, possibilitando diferenciação. No entanto, as proteínas isoladamente não foram capazes de promover essa diferenciação. As condições de solubilização e purificação influenciaram o desempenho antigênico da proteína ESAT-6, pois, quando produzida em condição desnaturante desencadeou reações inespecíficas nos animais não sensibilizados, enquanto que aquela produzida em condições nativas e aplicada em concentrações de 6, 12, 24 e 48µg induziu reações significativas apenas nos animais sensibilizados, confirmando o seu potencial como antígeno.
The intradermal skin test for diagnosis of bovine tuberculosis has been used the purified protein derivative (PPD) of Mycobacterium bovis, that is able to induce a hypersensitivity reaction in infected animals. However, shows low specificity due to the occurrence of cross reactions with other mycobacteria. Thus, the aim of this study was to produce recombinant proteins (ESAT-6, PE13, PE5 and ESX-1) of Mycobacterium bovis and assess them as antigens in skin test using guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus) as a model, and check if the conditions employed in the purification (native or denaturing condition) interfere in the antigenic performance of these proteins. The proteins were tested in guinea pigs previously sensitized with inactivated M. bovis strain AN5, individually (160 µg/µl), or as a mixed cocktail (40 µg each). The cocktail of proteins induced hypersensitivity reactions in sensitized animals significantly (p=0.002) higher than those observed in non-sensitized animals, allowing differentiation. On the other hand, the proteins individually were not able to promote this differentiation. The conditions of solubilization and purification influenced the antigenic performance of the protein ESAT-6, since, when produced in denaturing condition triggered nonspecific reaction in non-sensitized animals. Whereas when produced under native conditions and used at concentrations (6, 12, 24 and 48µg/µl) induced a significant response only in sensitized animals, confirming its potential as antigen.
Subject(s)
Animals , Guinea Pigs/immunology , Mycobacterium bovis/isolation & purification , Recombinant Proteins , Bacterial Proteins/isolation & purification , Intradermal Tests , Tuberculosis, Bovine/diagnosis , Models, Animal , Intradermal Tests/veterinaryABSTRACT
O teste intradérmico para o diagnóstico da tuberculose bovina utiliza derivados proteicos purificados (PPD) de Mycobacterium bovis que são capazes de induzir reações de hipersensibilidade em animais infectados. No entanto, apresenta baixa especificidade devido à ocorrência de reações cruzadas com outras micobactérias. Neste sentido, o objetivo desse trabalho foi produzir proteínas recombinantes (ESAT-6, PE13, PE5 e ESX-1) de Mycobacterium bovis e avaliá-las como antígenos em teste intradérmico utilizando Cavia porcellus como modelo, e verificar se as condições empregadas na purificação (nativa ou desnaturante) interferem no desempenho antigênico dessas proteínas. As proteínas foram testadas em Cavia porcellus previamente sensibilizados com cepa M. bovis AN5 inativada, individualmente (160 µg) ou combinadas na forma de um coquetel (40 µg cada). O coquetel de proteínas induziu reações de hipersensibilidade nos animais sensibilizados significativamente superiores (p=0,002) as observadas nos animais não sensibilizados, possibilitando diferenciação. No entanto, as proteínas isoladamente não foram capazes de promover essa diferenciação. As condições de solubilização e purificação influenciaram o desempenho antigênico da proteína ESAT-6, pois, quando produzida em condição desnaturante desencadeou reações inespecíficas nos animais não sensibilizados, enquanto que aquela produzida em condições nativas e aplicada em concentrações de 6, 12, 24 e 48µg induziu reações significativas apenas nos animais sensibilizados, confirmando o seu potencial como antígeno.(AU)
The intradermal skin test for diagnosis of bovine tuberculosis has been used the purified protein derivative (PPD) of Mycobacterium bovis, that is able to induce a hypersensitivity reaction in infected animals. However, shows low specificity due to the occurrence of cross reactions with other mycobacteria. Thus, the aim of this study was to produce recombinant proteins (ESAT-6, PE13, PE5 and ESX-1) of Mycobacterium bovis and assess them as antigens in skin test using guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus) as a model, and check if the conditions employed in the purification (native or denaturing condition) interfere in the antigenic performance of these proteins. The proteins were tested in guinea pigs previously sensitized with inactivated M. bovis strain AN5, individually (160 µg/µl), or as a mixed cocktail (40 µg each). The cocktail of proteins induced hypersensitivity reactions in sensitized animals significantly (p=0.002) higher than those observed in non-sensitized animals, allowing differentiation. On the other hand, the proteins individually were not able to promote this differentiation. The conditions of solubilization and purification influenced the antigenic performance of the protein ESAT-6, since, when produced in denaturing condition triggered nonspecific reaction in non-sensitized animals. Whereas when produced under native conditions and used at concentrations (6, 12, 24 and 48µg/µl) induced a significant response only in sensitized animals, confirming its potential as antigen.(AU)
Subject(s)
Animals , Guinea Pigs/immunology , Intradermal Tests , Tuberculosis, Bovine/diagnosis , Mycobacterium bovis/isolation & purification , Bacterial Proteins/isolation & purification , Recombinant Proteins , Models, Animal , Intradermal Tests/veterinaryABSTRACT
Post-mortem bacterial culture and specific biochemical tests are currently performed to characterize the etiologic agent of bovine tuberculosis. Cultures take up to 90 days to develop. A diagnosis by molecular tests such as PCR can provide fast and reliable results while significantly decreasing the time of confirmation. In the present study, a nested-PCR system, targeting rv2807, with conventional PCR followed by real-time PCR, was developed to detect Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTC) organisms directly from bovine and bubaline tissue homogenates. The sensitivity and specificity of the reactions were assessed with DNA samples extracted from tuberculous and non-tuberculous mycobacteria, as well as other Actinomycetales species and DNA samples extracted directly from bovine and bubaline tissue homogenates. Regarding the analytical sensitivity, DNA of the M. bovis AN5 strain was detected up to 1.5 pg by nested-PCR, whereas DNA of M. tuberculosis H37Rv strain was detected up to 6.1 pg. The nested-PCR system showed 100% analytical specificity for MTC when tested with DNA of reference strains of non-tuberculous mycobacteria and closely-related Actinomycetales. A clinical sensitivity level of 76.7% was detected with tissues samples positive for MTC by means of the culture and conventional PCR. A clinical specificity of 100% was detected with DNA from tissue samples of cattle with negative results in the comparative intradermal tuberculin test. These cattle exhibited no visible lesions and were negative in the culture for MTC. The use of the nested-PCR assay to detect M. tuberculosis complex in tissue homogenates provided a rapid diagnosis of bovine and bubaline tuberculosis.
Subject(s)
Molecular Diagnostic Techniques/methods , Mycobacterium bovis/isolation & purification , Mycobacterium tuberculosis/isolation & purification , Pathology, Molecular/methods , Polymerase Chain Reaction/methods , Tuberculosis, Bovine/diagnosis , Veterinary Medicine/methods , Animals , Buffaloes , Cattle , Mycobacterium bovis/genetics , Mycobacterium tuberculosis/genetics , Sensitivity and Specificity , Time Factors , Tuberculosis, Bovine/microbiologyABSTRACT
Post-mortem bacterial culture and specific biochemical tests are currently performed to characterize the etiologic agent of bovine tuberculosis. Cultures take up to 90 days to develop. A diagnosis by molecular tests such as PCR can provide fast and reliable results while significantly decreasing the time of confirmation. In the present study, a nested-PCR system, targeting rv2807, with conventional PCR followed by real-time PCR, was developed to detect Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTC) organisms directly from bovine and bubaline tissue homogenates. The sensitivity and specificity of the reactions were assessed with DNA samples extracted from tuberculous and non-tuberculous mycobacteria, as well as other Actinomycetales species and DNA samples extracted directly from bovine and bubaline tissue homogenates. Regarding the analytical sensitivity, DNA of the M. bovis AN5 strain was detected up to 1.5 pg by nested-PCR, whereas DNA of M. tuberculosis H37Rv strain was detected up to 6.1 pg. The nested-PCR system showed 100% analytical specificity for MTC when tested with DNA of reference strains of non-tuberculous mycobacteria and closely-related Actinomycetales. A clinical sensitivity level of 76.7% was detected with tissues samples positive for MTC by means of the culture and conventional PCR. A clinical specificity of 100% was detected with DNA from tissue samples of cattle with negative results in the comparative intradermal tuberculin test. These cattle exhibited no visible lesions and were negative in the culture for MTC. The use of the nested-PCR assay to detect M. tuberculosis complex in tissue homogenates provided a rapid diagnosis of bovine and bubaline tuberculosis.
Subject(s)
Animals , Cattle , Molecular Diagnostic Techniques/methods , Mycobacterium bovis/isolation & purification , Mycobacterium tuberculosis/isolation & purification , Pathology, Molecular/methods , Polymerase Chain Reaction/methods , Tuberculosis, Bovine/diagnosis , Veterinary Medicine/methods , Buffaloes , Mycobacterium bovis/genetics , Mycobacterium tuberculosis/genetics , Sensitivity and Specificity , Time Factors , Tuberculosis, Bovine/microbiologyABSTRACT
Post-mortem bacterial culture and specific biochemical tests are currently performed to characterize the etiologic agent of bovine tuberculosis. Cultures take up to 90 days to develop. A diagnosis by molecular tests such as PCR can provide fast and reliable results while significantly decreasing the time of confirmation. In the present study, a nested-PCR system, targeting rv2807, with conventional PCR followed by real-time PCR, was developed to detect Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTC) organisms directly from bovine and bubaline tissue homogenates. The sensitivity and specificity of the reactions were assessed with DNA samples extracted from tuberculous and non-tuberculous mycobacteria, as well as other Actinomycetales species and DNA samples extracted directly from bovine and bubaline tissue homogenates. Regarding the analytical sensitivity, DNA of the M. bovis AN5 strain was detected up to 1.5 pg by nested-PCR, whereas DNA of M. tuberculosis H37Rv strain was detected up to 6.1 pg. The nested-PCR system showed 100% analytical specificity for MTC when tested with DNA of reference strains of non-tuberculous mycobacteria and closely-related Actinomycetales. A clinical sensitivity level of 76.7% was detected with tissues samples positive for MTC by means of the culture and conventional PCR. A clinical specificity of 100% was detected with DNA from tissue samples of cattle with negative results in the comparative intradermal tuberculin test. These cattle exhibited no visible lesions and were negative in the culture for MTC. The use of the nested-PCR assay to detect M. tuberculosis complex in tissue homogenates provided a rapid diagnosis of bovine and bubaline tuberculosis.
Subject(s)
Animals , Cattle , Molecular Diagnostic Techniques/methods , Mycobacterium bovis/isolation & purification , Mycobacterium tuberculosis/isolation & purification , Pathology, Molecular/methods , Polymerase Chain Reaction/methods , Tuberculosis, Bovine/diagnosis , Veterinary Medicine/methods , Buffaloes , Mycobacterium bovis/genetics , Mycobacterium tuberculosis/genetics , Sensitivity and Specificity , Time Factors , Tuberculosis, Bovine/microbiologyABSTRACT
In the present study, a nested-PCR system, targeting the TbD1 region, involving the performance of conventional PCR followed by real-time PCR, was developed to detect Mycobacterium bovis in bovine/bubaline tissue homogenates. The sensitivity and specificity of the reactions were assessed with DNA samples extracted from tuberculous and non-tuberculous mycobacteria, as well as other actinomycetales species and DNA samples extracted directly from bovine and bubaline tissue homogenates. In terms of analytical sensitivity, the DNA of M. bovis AN5 was detected up to 1.56 ng with conventional PCR, 97.6 pg with real-time PCR, and 1.53 pg with nested-PCR in the reaction mixture. The nested-PCR exhibited 100% analytical specificity for M. bovis when tested with the DNA of reference strains of environmental mycobacteria and closely-related Actinomycetales. A clinical sensitivity value of 76.0% was detected with tissue samples from animals that exhibited positive results in the comparative intradermal tuberculin test (CITT), as well as from those with lesions compatible with tuberculosis (LCT) that rendered positive cultures. A clinical specificity value of 100% was detected with tissue samples from animals with CITT- results, with no visible lesions (NVL) and negative cultures. No significant differences were found between the nested-PCR and culture in terms of detecting CITT+ animals with LCT or with NVL. No significant differences were recorded in the detection of CITT- animals with NVL. However, nested-PCR detected a significantly higher number of positive animals than the culture in the group of animals exhibiting LCT with no previous records of CITT. The use of the nested-PCR assay to detect M. bovis in tissue homogenates provided a rapid diagnosis of bovine and bubaline tuberculosis.
Subject(s)
DNA, Bacterial/genetics , Mycobacterium bovis/genetics , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Tuberculosis, Bovine/diagnosis , Tuberculosis, Bovine/microbiology , Animals , Cattle , Polymerase Chain Reaction/methodsABSTRACT
A tuberculose bovina é uma importante enfermidade causada pela bactéria Mycobacterium bovis. Testes de tuberculinização intradérmica e abate de animais infectados levaram à redução da incidência da tuberculose bovina em muitos países. Entretanto, são necessários métodos maispráticos e eficientes com maior sensibilidade e especificidade. O objetivo do presente estudo foidesenvolver um teste imunoenzimático (ELISA), utilizando as proteínas recombinantes MPB70 e p27 de M. bovis, que possibilitasse detectar anticorpos contra esta bactéria em bovinos. A sensibilidade e especificidade observadas foram, respectivamente, de 88,7por cento e 94,6por cento para o ELISA-MPB70 e de 98,1por cento e 91,9por cento para o ELISA-p27. O uso de testes sorológicos, como o ELISA com MPB70 e p27 recombinantes, juntamente com testes celulares, pode resolver algunsproblemas relacionados ao diagnóstico da tuberculose bovina tais como os resultados inconclusivos e a ausência de detecção de animais anérgicos em estágios avançados da infecção.
Subject(s)
Animals , Mycobacterium bovis , Recombinant Proteins , Tuberculosis, Bovine/diagnosis , Tuberculosis, Bovine/epidemiology , Serologic TestsABSTRACT
Foi investigada a prevalência de anticorpos antileptospira em fêmeas bovinas com idade igual ou superior a 24 meses, provenientes de 178 rebanhos de 22 municípios do estado de Mato Grosso do Sul, bem como identificados fatores de risco associados à infecção. Foram analisadas 2.573 amostras de soro sangüíneo por meio do teste de soroaglutinação microscópica perante 10 sorovares de leptospira. Títulos iguais ou superiores a 100 para um ou mais sorovares foram detectados em 1.801 fêmeas (98,8 por cento) de 161 (96,5 por cento) rebanhos. O sorovar Hardjo (65,6 por cento) foi apontado como o mais provável, seguido do sorovar Wolffi (12,3 por cento). Os resultados demonstram que a leptospirose bovina se encontra presente em todos os municípios estudados, com alta prevalência, tanto em animais como em rebanhos. Os fatores de risco identificados neste estudo e associados à infecção por bactérias do gênero lepstopira foram o tipo de exploração pecuária de corte e a raça Zebu.
The prevalence of anti-Leptospira spp. antibodies was estimated for female cattle aged 24 months or older. The sample comprised 178 herds from 22 counties in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. The risk factors associated with the presence of infeccion were investigated. A total of 2,573 blood serum samples were tested against 10 leptospira serovars using the microagglutination test (MAT). Titers of 100 or higher for one or more serovars were detected in 1,801 females (98.8 percent) from 161 herds (96.5 percent). Serovar Hardjo (65.6 percent) was the most frequent, followed by serovar Wolffi (12.3 percent). These results suggest that bovine leptospirosis is widespread in all the counties under study, with a high prevalence both at the animal and the herd level. Beef farms and the Zebu breed were associated to the higher risk of herd infection by leptospiras.
Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Cattle , Leptospira/isolation & purification , Leptospirosis/epidemiology , Leptospirosis/veterinary , Risk Factors , Serologic Tests/methodsABSTRACT
Foi investigada a prevalência de anticorpos antileptospira em fêmeas bovinas com idade igual ou superior a 24 meses, provenientes de 178 rebanhos de 22 municípios do estado de Mato Grosso do Sul, bem como identificados fatores de risco associados à infecção. Foram analisadas 2.573 amostras de soro sangüíneo por meio do teste de soroaglutinação microscópica perante 10 sorovares de leptospira. Títulos iguais ou superiores a 100 para um ou mais sorovares foram detectados em 1.801 fêmeas (98,8 por cento) de 161 (96,5 por cento) rebanhos. O sorovar Hardjo (65,6 por cento) foi apontado como o mais provável, seguido do sorovar Wolffi (12,3 por cento). Os resultados demonstram que a leptospirose bovina se encontra presente em todos os municípios estudados, com alta prevalência, tanto em animais como em rebanhos. Os fatores de risco identificados neste estudo e associados à infecção por bactérias do gênero lepstopira foram o tipo de exploração pecuária de corte e a raça Zebu.(AU)
The prevalence of anti-Leptospira spp. antibodies was estimated for female cattle aged 24 months or older. The sample comprised 178 herds from 22 counties in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. The risk factors associated with the presence of infeccion were investigated. A total of 2,573 blood serum samples were tested against 10 leptospira serovars using the microagglutination test (MAT). Titers of 100 or higher for one or more serovars were detected in 1,801 females (98.8 percent) from 161 herds (96.5 percent). Serovar Hardjo (65.6 percent) was the most frequent, followed by serovar Wolffi (12.3 percent). These results suggest that bovine leptospirosis is widespread in all the counties under study, with a high prevalence both at the animal and the herd level. Beef farms and the Zebu breed were associated to the higher risk of herd infection by leptospiras.(AU)
Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Leptospirosis/epidemiology , Leptospirosis/veterinary , Leptospira/isolation & purification , Cattle , Risk Factors , Serologic Tests/methodsABSTRACT
O diagnóstico presuntivo da tuberculose bovina é baseado na análise da resposta imune celular a antígenos micobacterianos. Procedeu-se à simulação experimental de sensibilização por Mycobacterium bovis e Mycobacterium avium inativados em bovinos a fim de acompanhar a resposta imune a partir do teste cervical comparativo e da evolução da produção específica de interferon-gama, além de identificar a interferência de reações inespecíficas por M. avium nos resultados dos testes. Verificou-se que os animais desencadearam resposta de hipersensibilidade tardia contra os bacilos inativados, e que ambos os testes diagnósticos da tuberculose bovina foram eficientes na identificação dos animais sensibilizados com M. bovis e na discriminação das reações geradas pela inoculação dos bovinos com M. avium.
The presumptive diagnosis of bovine tuberculosis is based on analysis of the immune response to micobacterial antigens. This experimental simulation of sensibilization by Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium in cattle aimed to verify the immune response by both the cervical comparative test and the evolution of the specific production of gamma-interferon, and also to identify interference of unspecified reactions by M. avium on the test results. The results support that the experimental animals started a response of delayed hypersensitivity to the inactivated bacilli, and that both diagnostic tests for bovine tuberculosis were efficient for the identification of animals sensitized with M. bovis and for discrimination of reactions generated by inoculation of cattle with M. avium.
Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Autoimmunity , Interferon-gamma/analysis , Mycobacterium avium/isolation & purification , Mycobacterium bovis/isolation & purification , Tuberculosis, Bovine/diagnosisABSTRACT
O objetivo deste estudo foi estimar a prevalência da brucelose bovina nos 22 municípios que compõem a região denominada Estrato 1 do Estado de Mato Grosso do Sul, e identificar os fatores de risco associados à infecção. A região amostrada constitui uma área de 70.214,1 km2, que representa 19,7% do Estado. O rebanho de região estudada é de, aproximadamente, 5,7 milhões de cabeças, correspondente a 23% do efetivo de 24,9 milhões de bovinos de Mato Grosso do Sul. Nas 210 propriedades amostradas, no período de dezembro de 2003 a março de 2004, foram colhidas 2.376 amostras de sangue de fêmeas com idade igual ou superior a 24 meses, submetidas a testes diagnósticos em série. A triagem, realizada por meio do teste do antígeno acidificado tamponado, foi seguida pelo teste confirmatório 2-mercaptoetanol. Na mesma ocasião da colheita das amostras, foi preenchido um questionário com informações de identificação, tipo de criação e práticas de manejo. Em animais, a prevalência real foi estimada em 5,6%, e em rebanhos, 37,3%. As variáveis que apresentaram associação, por meio da análise univariada odds ratio (OR) e intervalo de confiança (IC) de 95%, com a soropositividade à brucelose foram: o tipo de exploração corte (OR = 2,82, IC 95% = 1,49-5,34), a raça Zebu (OR = 2,62, IC 95% = 1,40-4,88) e o aborto (OR= 1,83, IC 95% = 1,01-3,33). Os resultados demonstram que, além da brucelose ser prevalente no estrato estudado em Mato Grosso do Sul, o controle da doença pode consistir na adoção de programa com especial atenção à exploração do tipo corte, à raça Zebu e à presença do aborto.
The study aimed to estimate the prevalence of bovine brucellosis in 22 counties which make up the region Extract 1 of the State of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil, in order to identify risk factors associated with the infection. The sample region encompasses an area of 70,214.1 km2 and represents 19.7% of the State. The region studied has about 5.7 million head of cattle, corresponding to 23% of the total of 24.9 million cattle in the State of Mato Grosso do Sul. On 210 farms, between December 2003 and March 2004, 2,376 blood samples were collected from cows, aged 24 months or older, for serial diagnostic tests. Screening through the buffered acidified antigen test was confirmed by the 2-mercaptoetanol test. On the occasion of sample collection a questionnaire with information related to identification, kind of cattle and management practices was filled out. In individual animals the real prevalence was estimated at 5.6%, and in the cattle herds at 37.3%. The variables, which presented association through odds ratio (OR), univariate analysis and 95% confidence interval (CI) with serum positivity for brucellosis, were: the exploration of beef cattle (OR = 2.82, 95% CI = 1.49-5.34), Zebu breed (OR = 2.62, 95% CI = 1.40-4.88) and abortion (OR = 1.83, 95% CI = 1.01-3.33). The results shown here demonstrate, despite the prevalence of brucellosis in the extract of Mato Grosso do Sul studied, that the control of the disease may depend on adoption of a program focusing upon the exploration of beef cattle, the Zebu breed and the occurrence of abortion.
Subject(s)
Brucellosis, Bovine/epidemiology , Cattle , Seroepidemiologic StudiesABSTRACT
O objetivo deste estudo foi estimar a prevalência da brucelose bovina nos 22 municípios que compõem a região denominada Estrato 1 do Estado de Mato Grosso do Sul, e identificar os fatores de risco associados à infecção. A região amostrada constitui uma área de 70.214,1 km2, que representa 19,7% do Estado. O rebanho de região estudada é de, aproximadamente, 5,7 milhões de cabeças, correspondente a 23% do efetivo de 24,9 milhões de bovinos de Mato Grosso do Sul. Nas 210 propriedades amostradas, no período de dezembro de 2003 a março de 2004, foram colhidas 2.376 amostras de sangue de fêmeas com idade igual ou superior a 24 meses, submetidas a testes diagnósticos em série. A triagem, realizada por meio do teste do antígeno acidificado tamponado, foi seguida pelo teste confirmatório 2-mercaptoetanol. Na mesma ocasião da colheita das amostras, foi preenchido um questionário com informações de identificação, tipo de criação e práticas de manejo. Em animais, a prevalência real foi estimada em 5,6%, e em rebanhos, 37,3%. As variáveis que apresentaram associação, por meio da análise univariada odds ratio (OR) e intervalo de confiança (IC) de 95%, com a soropositividade à brucelose foram: o tipo de exploração corte (OR = 2,82, IC 95% = 1,49-5,34), a raça Zebu (OR = 2,62, IC 95% = 1,40-4,88) e o aborto (OR= 1,83, IC 95% = 1,01-3,33). Os resultados demonstram que, além da brucelose ser prevalente no estrato estudado em Mato Grosso do Sul, o controle da doença pode consistir na adoção de programa com especial atenção à exploração do tipo corte, à raça Zebu e à presença do aborto.(AU)
The study aimed to estimate the prevalence of bovine brucellosis in 22 counties which make up the region Extract 1 of the State of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil, in order to identify risk factors associated with the infection. The sample region encompasses an area of 70,214.1 km2 and represents 19.7% of the State. The region studied has about 5.7 million head of cattle, corresponding to 23% of the total of 24.9 million cattle in the State of Mato Grosso do Sul. On 210 farms, between December 2003 and March 2004, 2,376 blood samples were collected from cows, aged 24 months or older, for serial diagnostic tests. Screening through the buffered acidified antigen test was confirmed by the 2-mercaptoetanol test. On the occasion of sample collection a questionnaire with information related to identification, kind of cattle and management practices was filled out. In individual animals the real prevalence was estimated at 5.6%, and in the cattle herds at 37.3%. The variables, which presented association through odds ratio (OR), univariate analysis and 95% confidence interval (CI) with serum positivity for brucellosis, were: the exploration of beef cattle (OR = 2.82, 95% CI = 1.49-5.34), Zebu breed (OR = 2.62, 95% CI = 1.40-4.88) and abortion (OR = 1.83, 95% CI = 1.01-3.33). The results shown here demonstrate, despite the prevalence of brucellosis in the extract of Mato Grosso do Sul studied, that the control of the disease may depend on adoption of a program focusing upon the exploration of beef cattle, the Zebu breed and the occurrence of abortion.(AU)
Subject(s)
Animals , Brucellosis, Bovine/epidemiology , Seroepidemiologic Studies , CattleABSTRACT
O diagnóstico presuntivo da tuberculose bovina é baseado na análise da resposta imune celular a antígenos micobacterianos. Procedeu-se à simulação experimental de sensibilização por Mycobacterium bovis e Mycobacterium avium inativados em bovinos a fim de acompanhar a resposta imune a partir do teste cervical comparativo e da evolução da produção específica de interferon-gama, além de identificar a interferência de reações inespecíficas por M. avium nos resultados dos testes. Verificou-se que os animais desencadearam resposta de hipersensibilidade tardia contra os bacilos inativados, e que ambos os testes diagnósticos da tuberculose bovina foram eficientes na identificação dos animais sensibilizados com M. bovis e na discriminação das reações geradas pela inoculação dos bovinos com M. avium. (AU)
The presumptive diagnosis of bovine tuberculosis is based on analysis of the immune response to micobacterial antigens. This experimental simulation of sensibilization by Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium in cattle aimed to verify the immune response by both the cervical comparative test and the evolution of the specific production of gamma-interferon, and also to identify interference of unspecified reactions by M. avium on the test results. The results support that the experimental animals started a response of delayed hypersensitivity to the inactivated bacilli, and that both diagnostic tests for bovine tuberculosis were efficient for the identification of animals sensitized with M. bovis and for discrimination of reactions generated by inoculation of cattle with M. avium. (AU)
Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Mycobacterium bovis/isolation & purification , Mycobacterium avium/isolation & purification , Tuberculosis, Bovine/diagnosis , Interferon-gamma/analysis , Autoimmunity/immunologyABSTRACT
Quinze focos de meningoencefalite por herpesvírus bovino-5 (BHV-5) foram diagnosticados entre agosto de 1993 e dezembro de 1996, sendo 14 provenientes do estado do Mato Grosso do Sul e um do estado de São Paulo. A doença ocorreu em diversos municípios e em diferentes épocas do ano. Foram afetados bovinos de 6 a 60 meses de idade, com uma morbidade de 0,05% a 5% e letalidade próxima a 100%. Os sinais clínicos foram exclusivamente nervosos e o curso da enfermidade variou de 1 a 15 dias. As principais lesões histológicas detectadas foram meningite e encefalite difusa com malacia do córtex cerebral e presença de corpúsculos de inclusão intranucleares em astrócitos e neurônios. O vírus foi isolado do cérebro de 11 de um total de 12 animais, e sua identidade confirmada por imunoperoxidase, utilizando-se anticorpos monoclonais específicos. Os surtos de encefalite por BHV-5 representam 5% dos diagnósticos realizados em bovinos pelo Hospital Veterinário da Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso do Sul. Os resultados deste trabalho evidenciam a importância da doença no Mato Grosso do Sul e indicam a necessidade de incluir a encefalite por BHV-5 no diagnóstico diferencial de outras doenças do sistema nervoso de bovinos frequentes no Estado