ABSTRACT
Myoclonus and ataxia, with or without opsoclonus, have recently been recognized as a central nervous system syndrome associated with coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19). A 52-year-old Japanese man developed myoclonus and ataxia 16 days after the onset of COVID-19. Brain single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) revealed hyperperfusion in the cerebellum and hypoperfusion in the cerebral cortices with frontal predominance during the acute stage, which improved over two months. This study indicates that brain perfusion SPECT can be effective in detecting functional alterations in COVID-19-related myoclonus and ataxia.
Subject(s)
COVID-19 , Myoclonus , Opsoclonus-Myoclonus Syndrome , Brain/diagnostic imaging , COVID-19/complications , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Myoclonic Cerebellar Dyssynergia , Myoclonus/complications , PerfusionABSTRACT
A binaphthyl-based primary amine (R)- was designed for the Diels-Alder reaction of alpha-substituted alpha,beta-unsaturated aldehydes; in the presence of the TfOH salt of (R)-, the Diels-Alder reaction of alpha-substituted alpha,beta-unsaturated aldehydes with cyclopentadiene proceeded to afford the corresponding cycloadducts having one all-carbon quaternary stereocenter in good yield with good to high stereoselectivity.
Subject(s)
Aldehydes/chemistry , Amines/chemistry , Mesylates/chemistry , Acrolein/chemical synthesis , Acrolein/chemistry , Aldehydes/chemical synthesis , Amines/chemical synthesis , Catalysis , Cyclopentanes/chemical synthesis , Cyclopentanes/chemistry , Mesylates/chemical synthesis , StereoisomerismABSTRACT
A new synthetic route to 3,3'-dihalo BINAMs based on the direct halogenation of H8-BINAM and subsequent rearomatization to the binaphthyl core has been developed. The combination of this new procedure and Pd-catalyzed coupling reactions enabled us to synthesize various 3,3'-disubstituted BINAMs in only three steps starting from H8-BINAM.
