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1.
Bull Exp Biol Med ; 175(5): 620-624, 2023 Sep.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37855865

ABSTRACT

The content of ischemia-modified albumin (IMA), serum albumin, and antioxidant capacity of blood serum was studied in healthy newborns and in newborns with moderate and severe asphyxia on days 1-2 and 3-4 of the postnatal period. Changes in these indicators were found in both groups of newborns with birth asphyxia in comparison with the group of healthy newborns and were more pronounced in children with severe asphyxia. An increase in the IMA level (by 1.6 times; p<0.001) and antioxidant capacity of blood serum (by 2.4 times; p<0.001) and a decrease in serum albumin content (by 1.5 times; p<0.001) were found in severe asphyxia on days 1-2. Analysis of changes in these indicators by days 3-4 allows to talk about a decrease in the intensity of free-radical reactions in newborns with birth asphyxia during complex therapy.


Subject(s)
Antioxidants , Serum Albumin , Child , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Biomarkers , Antioxidants/therapeutic use , Asphyxia , Case-Control Studies , Oxidative Stress
2.
Bull Exp Biol Med ; 175(4): 450-453, 2023 Aug.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37768460

ABSTRACT

We studied changes in the number of residual γH2AX foci in cultured human fibroblasts with different expression of the cell proliferation marker protein Ki-67 24, 48, and 72 h after exposure to X-ray radiation in doses of 2-10 Gy. It was shown that, regardless of the expression of Ki-67, the number of residual γH2AX foci in irradiated cells linearly depends on the absorbed dose of X-ray radiation. However, the quantitative yield of residual γH2AX foci per unit of the absorbed dose in Ki-67+ cells 24 and 48 h after irradiation was higher than in Ki-67- cells by 1.8 and 2.0 times, respectively. In Ki-67- cells, the quantitative yield of residual γH2AX foci per unit of absorbed dose decreases by ~1.7 times with increasing the time after irradiation from 24 to 72 h. For the purposes of practical radiation biodosimetry, it can be recommended to quantify residual γH2AX foci in non-proliferating cells at least 72 h after irradiation.


Subject(s)
DNA Repair , Histones , Humans , X-Rays , Ki-67 Antigen/genetics , Ki-67 Antigen/metabolism , Histones/genetics , Histones/metabolism , Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation , Fibroblasts/metabolism
3.
Bull Exp Biol Med ; 175(1): 32-36, 2023 May.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37338754

ABSTRACT

We studied the ability of an aqueous extract from yerba mate and a dry extract obtained on the basis of this aqueous extract to remove Fe(II) ions from an aqueous medium. Aqueous extracts from mate dose-dependently reduced the concentration of free Fe(II) ions assayed by the reaction with 1,10-phenanthroline. This can be attributed to polyphenolic compounds with iron-chelating properties present in aqueous extracts from mate, namely quercetin, rutin, caffeic and chlorogenic acids. These substances effectively removed Fe(II) ions from the medium (the initial concentration of these ions was 15 µM) in the concentration range of 20-30 µM. Binding of Fe(II) ions by aqueous mate extracts (due to the formation of chelate complexes with the participation of polyphenolic compounds) modified their absorption spectra in the visible region. Binding of Fe(II) ions can be a mechanism of the antioxidant action of yerba mate.


Subject(s)
Ilex paraguariensis , Ilex paraguariensis/chemistry , Plant Extracts/chemistry , Iron , Ions , Ferrous Compounds
4.
Bull Exp Biol Med ; 176(2): 160-164, 2023 Dec.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38194076

ABSTRACT

Metabolism of nitric oxide (NO) donors: dinitrosyl iron complexes (DNIC), nitrosothiols (RSNO), and nitroprusside was studied on a chick embryo model. The obtained results give reason to assume that DNIC constituting the main pool of nitroso compounds in the vast majority of tissues are NO donors immediately interacting with the physiological target of NO, and other NO donors can perform this function after their transformation into DNIC. NO is released from DNIC not spontaneously, but under a joint influence of a factor destroying the complex and a target having chemical affinity for NO. A similar mechanism is apparently implicated in NO passage through the cell membrane.


Subject(s)
Nitric Oxide , Nitrogen Oxides , Chick Embryo , Animals , Nitric Oxide/metabolism , Nitrogen Oxides/metabolism , Nitric Oxide Donors/pharmacology , Nitric Oxide Donors/metabolism , Iron/chemistry
5.
Bull Exp Biol Med ; 174(1): 76-80, 2022 Nov.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36437335

ABSTRACT

Phenotypic characteristics of human non-small cell lung cancer cells, A549 (p53 wild-type) and H1299 (p53-deficient) as well as their descendants surviving after multifraction X-ray irradiation at a cumulative dose of 60 Gy (sublines A549HR and H1299HR, respectively) were studied before and after additional 2 Gy single dose irradiation. In 24 h after the additional irradiation, we observed a significant increase in the proportion of cells with signs of entosis (by 5 times, p<0.05) and SA-ß-gal+ cells (by 1.6 times, p<0.01) in the general population of A549HR cells. In contrast, a significant increase in the proportion of only SA-ß-gal+ multinucleated giant cancer cells was revealed in the parental A549 cells. Additional single dose irradiation resulted in a significant (by 1.8 times, p<0.05) increase in the proportion of multinucleated giant cancer cells in H1299HR cells in comparison with their parental H1299 cells. These changes did not correlate with changes in the proportion of entotic cells, because their high basal content in the absence of functional p53 did not change in response to additional single dose irradiation. At the same time, both p53-deficient non-small cell lung cancer cell lines showed a significant (2.9-fold for H1299 and 5.5-fold for H1299HR cells, p<0.001) increase in the proportion of SA-ß-gal+ cells in the general population, but not in the multinucleated giant cancer cells population.


Subject(s)
Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung , Lung Neoplasms , Humans , X-Rays , Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/genetics , Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/radiotherapy , Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/genetics , Lung Neoplasms/genetics , Lung Neoplasms/radiotherapy
6.
Klin Lab Diagn ; 67(11): 633-639, 2022 Nov 14.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36398771

ABSTRACT

The aim of the study is to develop a method for early diagnosis of intrauterine infection (IUI). A study of markers of inflammation in the venous blood of 60 pregnant women was conducted. The study was followed by a retrospective assessment of the outcomes of pregnancies and childbirth. Of these, 33 patients with a gestation period of more than 37 weeks (full-term pregnancy) and, accordingly, 27 patients from whom the blood sample was taken at a period of less than 37 weeks - patients with the threat of premature birth (PB). PB is the main factor contributing to the development of IUI. 27 patients were diagnosed with premature rupture of the membranes (PROM). Of these, 15 are with the threat of PB. 8 of them had a diagnosed IUI. In all cases of diagnosed PROM, including those with IUI, the concentration of nitrite and nontiolate nitroso compounds (NO2-+RNO) in the mother's blood plasma was 2.3±1.2 µM, while normally it does not exceed 0.1 µM (p<0.001). Regardless of the duration of pregnancy. The use of antibiotics in the case of PROM contributed to the normalization of the concentration (NO2-+RNO). Therefore, increasing of this indicator is result of bacterial infection. Indications of other markers of inflammation: the number of leukocytes in venous blood and in a smear of vaginal contents, the level of C-RB did not significantly change in both PROM and IUI (p>0.1). Since the concentration index (NO2-+RNO) increased in almost all cases of PREM, unlike all other clinical and biochemical indicators used in modern medicine, there is an obvious sense of its use for the current monitoring of the health of pregnant women. But it is still impossible to say unequivocally about the possibility of monitoring the fetal health by concentration (NO2-+RNO) in the mother's blood.


Subject(s)
Communicable Diseases , Fetal Membranes, Premature Rupture , Pregnancy Complications , Premature Birth , Pregnancy , Humans , Female , Nitrites , Fetal Membranes, Premature Rupture/diagnosis , Nitroso Compounds , Retrospective Studies , Nitrogen Dioxide , Plasma , Inflammation
7.
Bull Exp Biol Med ; 173(4): 454-458, 2022 Aug.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36058984

ABSTRACT

Radioresistant sublines of non-small cell lung cancer cells differing in the p53 status were obtained: A549 (p53 wild type) and H1299 (p53 deficient). The exposure to ionizing radiation was carried out using a standard protocol developed on the basis of empirical clinical experience and consisting in exposure in a dose of 2 Gy once a day, 5 days a week up to total dose of 60 Gy. The cells survived after irradiation demonstrated reduced radiosensitivity, as well as changes in differential gene expression in comparison with parental cells. Some differences in the signaling pathways involved in DNA repair were revealed.


Subject(s)
Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung , Lung Neoplasms , Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/genetics , Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/radiotherapy , Cell Line, Tumor , DNA Repair/genetics , Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic , Humans , Lung Neoplasms/genetics , Lung Neoplasms/metabolism , Lung Neoplasms/radiotherapy , Radiation Tolerance/genetics , Transcriptome , Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/genetics , Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/metabolism , X-Rays
8.
Bull Exp Biol Med ; 172(6): 756-759, 2022 Apr.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35501643

ABSTRACT

We studied quantitative yield of residual (24 h post-irradiation) phosphorylated histone (γH2AX) foci as a marker of DNA double strand breaks in wild-type A549 and p53-deficient H1299 human lung carcinoma cells after exposure to subpicosecond (energy 4 MeV, pulse duration 400 fsec, peak dose rate during the pulse 16 GGy/s) and quasi-continuous (energy 3.6 MeV) beams of accelerated electrons in a dose range of 0.5-10.0 Gy. The efficiency of pulse irradiation in A549 and H1299 cells assessed by the yield of residual foci was higher than the efficiency of quasi-continuous exposure by 1.8 and 5.3 times, respectively. Significant differences in quantitative yield of residual γH2AX foci between wild-type and p53-deficient cell lines were observed only after exposure to subpicosecond, but not quasi-continuous beams of accelerated electrons.


Subject(s)
Electrons , Histones , Lung Neoplasms , Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 , DNA Breaks, Double-Stranded , DNA Repair , Histones/genetics , Histones/metabolism , Histones/radiation effects , Humans , Lung Neoplasms/genetics , Lung Neoplasms/metabolism , Lung Neoplasms/radiotherapy , Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/deficiency , Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/genetics , Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/metabolism
9.
Bull Exp Biol Med ; 172(6): 743-746, 2022 Apr.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35501653

ABSTRACT

We studied the formation of double-strand DNA breaks (DNA DSB) induced by femtosecond laser radiation in A549 human lung adenocarcinoma cells using immunocytochemical staining of the resulting tracks of a specific DSB marker protein phosphorylated ATM kinase (phospho-ATM). Additionally, colocalization of phospho-ATM tracks with γH2AX protein tracks was studied. The results of immunocytochemical analysis showed that 30 min after irradiation of cells with femtosecond pulses with energies of 1 and 2 nJ (radiation power density 2×1011 and 4×1011 W×cm-2, respectively), the formation of tracks consisting of phospho-ATM and γH2AX proteins located in sites where the laser beam passes through the cell nuclei was observed. The presence of phospho-ATM tracks co-localized with γH2AX allows us to conclude that exposure to focused femtosecond infrared laser radiation with a pulse energy of 1-2 nJ leads to the formation of DNA DSB in irradiated cells.


Subject(s)
DNA Breaks, Double-Stranded , Lasers , Cell Nucleus , DNA Repair , Humans
10.
Bull Exp Biol Med ; 174(2): 194-198, 2022 Dec.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36600036

ABSTRACT

The proportion of splenocytes with a high level of DNA double-strand breaks was determined in mice exposed to primary and secondary radiation created by bombarding of a concrete barrier (thickness 20, 40, and 80 cm) by 650 MeV protons. The proportion of splenocytes with a high level of DNA double-strand breaks was assessed by flow cytometric analysis of γH2AX+ and TUNEL+ cells. It is shown that concrete barrier can significantly reduce primary proton radiation; the severity of negative biological effects in mice irradiated in the center of the proton beam decreased with increasing the thickness of this barrier. However, the spectrum of secondary radiation changes significantly with increasing the barrier thickness from 20 to 80 cm and the distance from central axis of the beam from 0 to 20 cm, and the proportion of the neutron component increases, which also causes negative biological effects manifesting in a significant (p<0.05) increase in the percentage of splenocytes with a high level of DNA damage in mice irradiated at a distance of 20 cm from the center of the proton beam and receiving relatively low doses (0.10-0.17 Gy).


Subject(s)
Protons , Spleen , Mice , Animals , DNA Damage , Radiation, Ionizing , DNA
11.
Bull Exp Biol Med ; 172(2): 245-249, 2021 Dec.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34853973

ABSTRACT

We compared the formation of γH2AX foci (marker of DNA double-strand breaks) in human lung fibroblasts (MRC-5 line) during their 24-h incubation in a medium containing 3H-labeled thymidine or amino acids (glycine, alanine, and proline) with specific radioactivity from 100 to 400 MBq/liter. A linear dependence of changes in the number of γH2AX foci on the specific radioactivity of the medium was revealed. The quantitative yield of DNA double-strand breaks under the influence of 3H-thymidine was more than 2-fold higher than under the influence of 3H-labeled amino acids. Comparative analysis of the yields of DNA double-strand breaks during cell incubation with 3H-labeled amino acids showed that 3H-alanine produced more pronounced effect that 3H-proline, which is consistent with the data on the content of their non-radioactive analogs in chromatin proteins.


Subject(s)
DNA Breaks, Double-Stranded , Fibroblasts , Histones/genetics , Lung , Tritium/pharmacology , Amino Acids/chemistry , Amino Acids/pharmacology , Cells, Cultured , Culture Media/chemistry , Culture Media/pharmacology , DNA Breaks, Double-Stranded/radiation effects , Fibroblasts/drug effects , Fibroblasts/metabolism , Fibroblasts/pathology , Fibroblasts/radiation effects , Histones/metabolism , Humans , Lung/drug effects , Lung/metabolism , Lung/pathology , Lung/radiation effects , Neoplastic Stem Cells/drug effects , Neoplastic Stem Cells/radiation effects , Thymidine/chemistry , Thymidine/pharmacology , Tritium/chemistry
12.
Bull Exp Biol Med ; 172(1): 81-84, 2021 Nov.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34791560

ABSTRACT

We studied the influence of ionizing radiation and hypogravity as negative factors of space flights on DNA damage in peripheral blood lymphocytes of rhesus monkeys at different times after exposure (from 1 to 446 days). The proportion of cells with high numbers of DNA double-strand breaks (DSB), positive for the surrogate DSB marker-protein γH2AX, was monitored using flow cytometry. Some animals were exposed to 7-day antiorthostatic hypokinesia simulating hypogravity, the others to a combined effect of antiorthostatic hypokinesia, whole-body γ-irradiation (2.34 cGy/h, dose 1 Gy), and irradiation of the head with 12C ions (450 MeV, dose 1 Gy). Exposure to antiorthostatic hypokinesia led to a significant increase in the proportion of γH2AX+ lymphocytes only on the first day after exposure, whereas after combined exposure, increased numbers of damaged lymphocytes were recorded up to 42 days after exposure.


Subject(s)
Hypogravity/adverse effects , Hypokinesia/physiopathology , Lymphocytes/physiology , Radiation, Ionizing , Space Flight , Whole-Body Irradiation/adverse effects , Animals , DNA Breaks, Double-Stranded/radiation effects , Flow Cytometry , Histones/metabolism , Lymphocytes/metabolism , Macaca mulatta , Male
13.
Bull Exp Biol Med ; 172(1): 22-25, 2021 Nov.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34792714

ABSTRACT

We performed a comparative study of the colony-forming ability and the number of residual foci of DNA repair proteins in cultured human lung fibroblasts (MRC-5 cell line) after exposure to subpicosecond beams of accelerated electrons with an energy of 3.6 MeV and quasi-continuous radiation (accelerated electrons with an energy of 4 MeV and X-rays). The yield of damages causing reproductive cell death after pulsed subpicosecond radiation exposure was higher by ~1.8 times than after quasi-continuous radiation exposure. The quantitative yield of residual γH2AX foci (phosphorylated H2AX histone, a protein marker of DNA double breaks) in cells irradiated with subpicosecond beams of accelerated electrons was shown to be ~2.0- 2.5-fold higher than in cells irradiated with quasi-continuous beams of accelerated electrons.


Subject(s)
Cell Death/radiation effects , Cell Proliferation/radiation effects , DNA Breaks, Double-Stranded/radiation effects , DNA Repair Enzymes/metabolism , Fibroblasts/radiation effects , Cell Line , Electrons , Histones/metabolism , Humans , Lung/cytology , Lung/radiation effects
14.
Bull Exp Biol Med ; 171(5): 606-610, 2021 Sep.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34617179

ABSTRACT

In a relatively isolated system of avian embryo, the metabolism of NO, a component of the dinitrosyl iron complexes (DNIC), the main NO donor in most tissues, depends on the ligands that make up the complex. This fact corroborates the earlier hypothesis that these ligands perform a regulatory function in NO metabolism. It is also shown that nitrite injected into the embryo is not oxidized to nitrate like NO in DNIC, but is accumulated outside the amniotic sac. Normally, nitrite is present in an embryo in trace amounts. These facts suggest that NO in the embryo is transferred from the donor molecule to a target in the embryo tissues further transformed with minimum oxidation to nitrite.


Subject(s)
Iron Chelating Agents/pharmacology , Iron/metabolism , Iron/pharmacology , Nitrogen Oxides/metabolism , Nitrogen Oxides/pharmacology , Animals , Catalase/antagonists & inhibitors , Catalase/drug effects , Catalase/metabolism , Chick Embryo , Citric Acid/pharmacology , Embryonic Development/drug effects , Glutathione , Hemoglobins/chemistry , Hemoglobins/metabolism , Hemoglobins/pharmacology , Iron/chemistry , Iron/physiology , Iron Chelating Agents/metabolism , Ligands , Nitrates/metabolism , Nitric Oxide/metabolism , Nitric Oxide Donors/chemistry , Nitric Oxide Donors/metabolism , Nitrites/metabolism , Nitrogen Oxides/chemistry , Oxidation-Reduction/drug effects , Phenanthrolines/pharmacology
15.
Bull Exp Biol Med ; 169(2): 258-261, 2020 Jun.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32651823

ABSTRACT

The experiments on mice showed that subchronic food restriction to 40 and 8% of unrestricted ration is a strong stressor inducing devastation of lymphoid organs, primarily the thymus and spleen. The mice in the group with severe food restriction (8% of normal ration) demonstrated increased front paw grip force. We also observed an increase in spontaneous motor activity in these animals correlated with food restriction. Food deprivation led to inhibition of proliferative activity of the bone marrow cells and suppression of erythropoiesis. Moreover, severe food restriction was accompanied by a decrease in the number of double-strand DNA breaks evaluated by the release of γH2AX+-cells and the ratio of polychromatophilic erythrocytes.


Subject(s)
Food Deprivation/physiology , Thymus Gland/metabolism , Animals , Body Weight/physiology , Bone Marrow Cells/metabolism , Chromosomes/metabolism , Erythrocytes/metabolism , Erythropoiesis/physiology , Female , Mice
16.
Bull Exp Biol Med ; 168(3): 321-325, 2020 Jan.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31938913

ABSTRACT

In chicken embryos, nitric oxide (NO) is accumulated in the pool of NO donors: S-nitrosothiols, nitrosyl-iron complexes, high-molecular-weight nitro-compounds. Oxidation of NO to nitrate occurs with different intensity in the embryos of different chicken breeds. In some embryos, NO donors accumulate almost without oxidation. Stable concentration of NO donors and nitrate in the blood of adult chicken is a result of dynamic equilibrium between NO synthesis and elimination (oxidation, consumption by other tissues, and excretion). As NO oxidation occurs mainly not in the blood, but in other tissues, decomposition of NO donors and NO oxidation are determined the properties of these tissues, in particular, the presence of physiological targets of NO, rather than spontaneous processes. Hence, evaluation of the intensity of NO metabolism is important for prediction of the efficiency of preparations containing NO donors and stimulators of its synthesis.


Subject(s)
Nitric Oxide/metabolism , Animals , Chick Embryo , Chickens , Iron/metabolism , Nitric Oxide Donors/metabolism , Nitrogen Oxides/metabolism , Oxidation-Reduction
17.
Bull Exp Biol Med ; 168(1): 41-44, 2019 Nov.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31761980

ABSTRACT

In the presence of Fe3+ cation, S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO) loses the potency to inhibit catalase in the system containing hemoglobin (an NO trap) with iron chelator or -SH inhibitor (a "sulfhydric poison" Hg2+). In the absence of hemoglobin, the inhibitory potency is retained in both cases. These properties are characteristic of dinitrosyl-iron complexes containing ferrous iron and thiols (DNIC/RSH). Since the potency to inhibit catalase results from the presence of -NO group, its loss in the presence of hemoglobin relates probably to transfer of this group to hemoglobin. The nitrosothiols are relatively stable compounds, so their ability to release NO under the action of iron chelators, which is characteristic of DNIC/RSH, can have important physiological implications, because the role of such chelators can be played by some endogenous agents as well. Thus, release of NO from the donor compounds can be controlled and regulated. Probably, the agents such as nitrosothiol+Fe3+ are the major constituents in the pool of nitroso compounds.


Subject(s)
Iron/chemistry , Nitric Oxide/chemistry , S-Nitrosoglutathione/chemistry , Sulfhydryl Compounds/chemistry , Nitrogen Oxides/chemistry
18.
Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova ; 118(9. Vyp. 2): 32-36, 2018.
Article in Russian | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30499557

ABSTRACT

AIM: To study diagnostic possibilities for determining the content of nitrite and N-nitroso compounds (NO2-+RNNO) in blood plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in patients with acute ischemic stroke (IS). MATERIAL AND METHODS: Twenty-four patients with IS were examined. The content of NO oxidation products was determined in venous blood and CSF by using an enzyme sensor based on the unique property of nitrite (NO2-), N-nitroso compounds (RNNO), S-nitrosothiols and dinitrosyl iron complexes to inhibit the enzyme catalase in the presence of halide ions. The study was conducted on the 1st day of IS. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: CSF in patients with IS contained nitrite and N-nitroso compounds (NO2-+RNNO) in concentrations ranging from 0.4 to 2.0 µm. The relationship between the size of IS and the concentration of NO2-+RNNO in CSF was shown. It was 1.01±0.13 µm in patients with medium IS and 0.71±0.07 µm in patients with small IS (U-criterion 16.5; p<0.05). There was no correlation between the severity of neurological deficit at the time of hospitalization and discharge from the hospital and the content of NO2-+RNNO in CSF (r=0.134; p>0.5; r=0.155; p>0.5, respectively). Plasma NO2-+RNNO levels were not associated with the presence and size of IS though they were elevated in patients with inflammatory complications. In conclusion, NO2-+RNNO can be considered as a marker of inflammation in patients with IS. Their presence in CSF reflects the extent of brain damage, but not the presence of concomitant inflammatory diseases.


Subject(s)
Brain Ischemia , Inflammation , Stroke , Brain Ischemia/immunology , Brain Ischemia/physiopathology , Humans , Nitric Oxide/metabolism , Nitrites , Nitroso Compounds , Stroke/immunology , Stroke/physiopathology
19.
Bull Exp Biol Med ; 166(1): 178-181, 2018 Nov.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30417285

ABSTRACT

We performed a comparative study of the formation of γН2АХ foci (a marker of DNA doublestrand breaks) in human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells after 24-h incubation with 3Н-thimidin and tritium oxide with low specific activities (50-800 MBq/liter). The dependence of the number of γH2AX foci on specific activity of 3H-thymidine was described by a linear equation y=2.21+43.45x (R2=0.96), where y is the number of γH2AX foci per nucleus and x is specific activity in 1000 MBq/liter. For tritium oxide, the relationship was described by a linear equation y=2.52+6.70x (R2=0.97). Thus, the yield of DNA double-strand breaks after exposure to 3H-thymidine was 6.5-fold higher than after exposure to tritium oxide. Comparison of the effects of tritium oxide and X-ray radiation on the yield of DNA double-strand breaks showed that the relative biological efficiency of tritium oxide in a dose range of 3.78-60.26 mGy was 1.6-fold higher than that of X-ray radiation. Improvement of the methods of analysis of DNA double-strand breaks repair foci is highly promising in the context of creation of highly sensitive biodosimetry technologies for tritium compounds in humans.


Subject(s)
DNA Breaks, Double-Stranded/drug effects , DNA Breaks, Double-Stranded/radiation effects , Mesenchymal Stem Cells/drug effects , Mesenchymal Stem Cells/metabolism , Thymidine/pharmacology , Tritium/pharmacology , Water/pharmacology , X-Rays , Cells, Cultured , Humans , Mesenchymal Stem Cells/radiation effects
20.
Bull Exp Biol Med ; 166(1): 26-30, 2018 Nov.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30417303

ABSTRACT

TLR2-mediated ROS production by mouse peritoneal macrophages was studied by luminoldependent chemiluminescence under conditions of cell stimulation with zymosan (TLR2/6 ligand) and peptidoglycan (TLR2/1 ligand). ROS production by macrophages stimulated with zymosan and peptidoglycan simultaneously depended on the ratio of ligand concentrations. Three effects were revealed: additivity of the stimulating effects of the ligands used, competitive ligand binding, and effect of macrophage priming with peptidoglycan during cell stimulation with zymosan. The mechanisms of these effects are discussed.


Subject(s)
Macrophages, Peritoneal/drug effects , Macrophages, Peritoneal/metabolism , Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism , Toll-Like Receptor 2/agonists , Toll-Like Receptor 2/metabolism , Animals , Male , Mice , Mice, Inbred BALB C , Peptidoglycan/pharmacology , Zymosan/pharmacology
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