[The health status dynamics of schoolchildren and the importance of biomedical factors in its development]. / Dinamika sostoianiia zdorov'ia detei shkol'nogo vozrasta i znachenie mediko-biologicheskikh faktorov v ego formirovanii.

The dynamics in schoolchildren's health status varies in time, as the incidence of some chronic diseases decreases and that of the others increases. As a result, the health status of schoolchildren has deteriorated due to a reduction in the number of healthy children and an increase in the number of chronic patients in the past 30 years. Nervous, immune (allergic), and blood diseases have become frequent. Chronic ENT diseases have been encountered more infrequently due to the noticeable reduction in the incidence rates of tonsillitis and otitis. The positive trend is that schoolchildren have no rheumatism, infective allergic myocarditis, chronic pneumonia and diffuse glomerulonephritis and that the prevalence of locomotor disorders, renal and metabolic (obesity) diseases is low. During school time, the health status of children slightly improves due to the lower incidence rates of chronic diseases and the higher proportion of healthy children, but it has remained still worse than it was 30 years ago. The formation of chronic diseases has been found to occur in health group II children, who have morphological and functional changes, in 50% of cases from the first to the sixth forms and in 20% of cases from the seventh to the tenth forms. The present-day children are characterized by a combination of abnormalities and functional disturbances. This all require active and timely prophylactic measures to block chronization at the premorbid stage. Lifestyle (to keep the hygienic school regime, to do exercises and to go in for sports), sociohygienic conditions and genetic factors have profound effects on the health status.

[Increased efficiency in the disinfection of sewage by lactic acid bacteria]. / Povyshenie éffektivnosti obezzarazhivaniia stochnykh vod molochnokislymi bakteriiami.

The antimicrobic properties have been studied in 30 strains of lactobacilli. As a result a strain, the strongest antagonist relative to choleric vibrios and other enteropathogenic microorganisms, is selected. Lactobacilli are found to retain their viability and biological activity in the activated sludge during the whole period of observation (6 months). Biological disinfection of sewage is shown possible to be intensified using the activated sludge inoculated by the culture of the selected lactobacilli strain.