Toluidine blue in the corroboration of rape in the adult victim.

Objective physical evidence to corroborate a claim of rape is frequently absent. Genital lacerations are considered evidence that rape has occurred. In this study, toluidine blue dye, a nuclear stain, was used to detect vaginal lacerations. The detection of vaginal lacerations in reported rape victims increased from one in 24 to 14 in 24 with toluidine application. Toluidine blue increases the detection of perineal lacerations in adult rape victims and the presence of lacerations is supportive of the documentation of rape.

[Kaposi's sarcoma (author's transl)]. / Beitrag zum idiopatischen multiplen Pigmentsarkom der Haut (Kaposi-Sarkom).

Pathological epidemiological and clinical aspects of Kaposi's Sarcoma are demonstrated. The prevalence of this disease in African countries and the appearance similar to the Burkitt-Lymphoma indicate a probability of viral origin. The histo-pathologic differential diagnosis also includes other vascular tumours. The disease shows a characteristic variable mixture of spindle cells and vascular components. In case of multifocal appearance surgery should be omitted, its aim can be only to ensure the diagnosis. A combined cytostatic and/or radiation therapy is recommended.

[Tumour regression in pituitary adenoma by bromocriptin (author's transl)]. / Regression eines Hypophysenadenoms unter Bromocriptin.

A 35 year old patient with longstanding amenorrhea-galactorrhea due to a pituitary macroadenoma has been observed for a period of more than 2 years. During this time tumour expansion was radiologically evident. A full term pregnancy was responsible for most of the tumour growth. Following postpartum period Bromocriptin treatment led to considerable regression of the adenoma. Recalcification of sella structures and an involuted sella volume was radiologically evident. With reference to the experimental investigations of Lloyd (1975) and following the suggestions of L'Hermite (1977) and Vaidya (1977) this tumour regression is interpreted as being due to the antimitotic effect of Bromocriptin via inhibition of c-AMP and DNA.

Anatomy of the naso-lacrimal duct in new-borns: therapeutic considerations.

The topography and morphology of the lacrimal ducts in newborn infants was demonstrated by means of post mortem dacryocystograms and microphotograms of histologic slides. Because of bends in the course of the lower tear duct, a percentage of probings will fail to effect satisfactory perforation of the Hasner membrane. In most cases, the soft texture of this membrane requires no more than syringing under pressure, using a hollow probe as described by Bangerter (1953).

[Kaposi sarcoma of the breast with osseous and pulmonary involvement (author's transl)]. / Kaposi-Sarkom der Mamma mit ossärer und pulmonaler Beteiligung.

The authors report on a rare case of a Kaposi-Sarcoma of the mamma with osseous and pulmonary participation. The angiographic findings of a Kaposi-Sarcoma of the right mamma is demonstrated.

[The diagnosis of venous malformation of the orbits (author's transl)]. / Zur Diagnostik der venösen Malformation der Orbita.

The authors describe the frequency, clinical features and methods of diagnosis of venous malformations of the orbits based on their own experience and on the relevant literature. Special attention is paid to plain film diagnosis and angiographic methods of investigation. Orbital phlebography is the most suitable method for demonstrating cavernous haemangiomas and orbital varices and for demonstrating the anatomy of the supplying vessels. For this, special apparatus and skills are necessary in order to obtain adequate, or optimal, phlebograms. The radiological features of venous malformation are described and a selection of typical phlebographic findings are illustrated. An attempt is made to evaluate other forms of examination. Possible aetiological factors in the development of venous malformation in the head and neck region are discussed.

The importance of retrograde phlebography in the diagnosis of orbital lesions.

The authors describe a technique for retrograde phlebography of the orbit. A selection of the typical findings in 51 cases of orbital phlebography is presented. The diagnostic importance of the examination in cases of similar clinical symptoms has been stressed. This method is best suited to the investigation of cases of venous malformation, especially of the intra-orbital, peri-orbital and retro-orbital area. Side-effects and complications have been described. A comparative assessment against other competetive methods of investigation, like the computer tomography has been attempted.

[The radiological anatomy of the tear ducts in neonates (author's transl)]. / Röntgenanatomie der Tränenwege Neugeborener.

This position and relationship to the facial skeleton of the tear ducts in neonates were studies during 25 post mortem examinations by injection of contrast material into them and the findings were correlated with microscopic appearances. This produced the following results: in more than 50% cases there was unilateral or bilateral narrowing of the distal end of the duct due to persistence of Hasner's membrane. The ration of length of the tear duct and the ductus in neonates is 1:2 (adults 1:3). The proximal portions of the ducts between the saccus and the ductus show multiple transverse mucosal folds. There are several more or less acute curves in both planes. The examination indicates that in the treatment of neonatal dachryostenosis it is necessary to use a combination of dilatation and pressure injections.

[Non-pigmented extrabulbar sarcomas of the eye-region (author's transl)]. / Extrabulbäre unpigmentierte Sarkome im Augenbereich

The authors report on 30 cases with non-pigmented extrabulbar sarcomas of the eye-region which occurred in our clinic within the period of 1955 till 1975. The primary sarcomas of the orbit predominate with 11 cases over the secondary involvement with 9 cases. More seldom (5 cases) is the involvement of the lids and the epibulbar space. The various groups of lymphosarcoma predominate with 16 cases over the spindle-cell sarcoma with 6 cases. The age distribution shows that these tumors prefer the first three decades and the fifth and the following decennia. The prognosis is bad for the conservation of the eye as well as for the preservation of life. With reference to the localisation the distribution at the time of the beginning of the therapy as well as the histological findings an intensive therapy (operation, radiation, chemo-therapy) has to be accomplished.

[Plasmocytoma of the orbit (author's transl)]. / Plasmozytom der Orbita

After a survey of the clinical picture of plasmcytoma including histological, internal and radiological findings the special aspects of affections of the orbit are described and demonstrated by four own cases since 1955. The authors propose the differentiation between plasmocytomas with bony erosive changes, solitary or multiple, and extrameudllary myeloma for theapeutical and prognostical reasons. The extramedullary myeloma of the orbit has a better prognosis and should be treated by local excision of the tumor with following radiation (CO-60). In case of bony erosive changes the extension of the tumor has to be considered, in case of multiple involvement of the body the radiation should be prefered as a palliative treatment in combination with chemotherapy.