ABSTRACT
A model of the interrelationship among Change in Role Perception, Role Conflict, and Psychological Health of working mothers is introduced. The model posits that Change in Role Perception after the birth of children influences Psychological Health directly or indirectly through Role Conflict. The model was tested with a sample of 192 employed mothers (aged 26-45 years) with at least one child under 11 years of age and who lived in either Melbourne or Canberra, Australia. As expected, scores on Role Conflict predicted all four measures of Psychological Health (Anxiety, Self-esteem, Uptight, and Worn Out). Change in scores on Role Perception predicted Self-esteem and Worn Out. Geographic location predicted scores for Uptight and Worn Out and Occupational Type predicted scores for Worn Out, perhaps due to perceived social support. There are theoretical reasons for maintaining the model's structure. Refinement of methodology, measurement of Change in Role Perception, and possible adoption of a longitudinal approach is recommended. It is concluded that measuring experienced role conflict and change in role perception should be taken into account in any consideration of women's psychological health.
Subject(s)
Conflict, Psychological , Mental Health , Mothers/psychology , Role , Social Perception , Women, Working/psychology , Adult , Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Prospective Studies , Self Concept , Surveys and QuestionnairesABSTRACT
Health promotion for schoolchildren requires a medical staff due to the multitude of functions. The introduced calculatory basis for an appropriate allocation of personnel allows to meet various requirements in different regions of the FRG.
Subject(s)
Health Education , School Health Services , Adolescent , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Germany , Health Promotion , Humans , Immunization , Male , Personnel Staffing and Scheduling , Physical Examination , School Nursing , Sports Medicine , WorkforceSubject(s)
Eggs/adverse effects , Adult , Female , Food Handling , Humans , Hypercholesterolemia/etiology , Male , Nutritive ValueSubject(s)
Blood Transfusion , Platelet Transfusion , Thrombocytopenia/therapy , Adult , Aged , Cells, Cultured , Culture Media , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Platelet Count , Thrombocytopenia/blood , Vincristine/therapeutic useSubject(s)
Arteriosclerosis/prevention & control , Cholesterol, Dietary/pharmacology , Adult , Female , Humans , Indians, North American , MaleSubject(s)
Liposomes/metabolism , Milk/enzymology , Xanthine Oxidase/metabolism , Animals , Arteriosclerosis/etiology , Cattle , Female , Food Preservation , Humans , Intestinal Absorption , Male , RatsSubject(s)
Child Guidance Clinics , Child Health Services , Community Mental Health Centers , Education , Adaptation, Psychological , Child , Child Development , Child, Preschool , Female , Germany, West , Humans , Male , Movement Disorders/diagnosis , Parent-Child Relations , Perceptual Disorders/diagnosis , Psychology, ChildSubject(s)
Arteriosclerosis/prevention & control , Diet , Cholesterol, Dietary , Goals , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , United StatesSubject(s)
Milk/enzymology , Xanthine Oxidase/metabolism , Absorption , Animals , Cattle , Child , Child, Preschool , Digestion , Gastric Juice/physiology , Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Liposomes , PancreatinSubject(s)
Antibodies , Milk Proteins/immunology , Myocardial Infarction/immunology , Antibodies/analysis , HumansABSTRACT
The effect of catecholamines, represented by epinephrine and norepinephrine, on the activity of phospholipase A2 from bee venom was studied. It was shown that the hydrolysis of l-alpha-lecithin to lysolecithin and a fatty acid was considerably activated by preincubation of the lecithin with the biogenic amine. On the other hand, addition of nitroglycerin or propranolol to the enzyme solution considerably curtailed activation by the catecholamines. The pharmacological effect of the split products of l-alpha-lecithin, free fatty acids (FFA), and lysolecithin in the nascent state on the myocardial cell membrane might be more plausible than the commonly accepted theory that the FFA derive from lipolysis of remote fat deposits. Certain arrhythmias and ion imbalances might be caused by catecholamine activation of phospholipase A2. Of great pharmacological interest is the observation that this activation is inhibited by a beta-adrenergic blocking agent without the presence of cyclic adenosine monophosphate as a messenger. The reaction may serve as a model for the study of the pharmacological influence of nitroglycerin and propranolol on angina pectoris.
