ABSTRACT
It is believed that omentin is secreted by stromal cells of adipose tissue and modulates insulin sensitivity. Data from a few studies have shown lower serum omentin in obese children and higher in anorexia nervosa. However, to date, there is lack of research on serum omentin concentrations in adolescent patients in a wide range of body mass index (BMI) and insulin resistance. In this cross-sectional study omentin-1 serum concentrations were evaluated using commercially available ELISA kit in 47 Polish girls with restrictive anorexia nervosa (AN), 50 with simple obesity (OB) and 39 healthy controls (C). The mean serum omentin-1 concentration in girls with AN was statistically significantly higher than that of C and OB girls. Statistically significant (P<0.0001) negative correlations between the serum concentrations of omentin-1 and body weight (r=-0.73), BMI (r=-0.75), standard deviation score for body mass index (BMI-SDS) (r=-0.75), insulin (r=-0.81) and HOMA-IR index (r=-0.82) were seen in the entire examined population. We conclude, that omentin-1 is the nutritional marker reflecting body weight and insulin resistance. Our findings support the hypothesized role of omentin in maintenance of body weight and regulation of appetite and suggest the adaptation of its secretion to body weight and glucose metabolism.
Subject(s)
Anorexia Nervosa/blood , Anorexia Nervosa/diagnosis , Cytokines/blood , Lectins/blood , Obesity/blood , Obesity/diagnosis , Adolescent , Biomarkers/blood , Body Weight/physiology , Child , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , GPI-Linked Proteins/blood , HumansABSTRACT
Repercussions of obesity on the lung function have been widely studied. The effect of serious malnutrition is less well known. The aim of study was to determine spirometric parameters in 102 malnourished girls with anorexia nervosa. Among these patients, only 71 aged 12-18 years (mean 15.6), mean BMI 15.8 kg/m(2), met the ATS/ERS forced expiratory maneuver criteria for spirometry. The most frequently observed abnormalities were: decreased IC seen in 33 (46%) girls and decreased PEF in 45 (63%) patients. Maximum voluntary ventilation was within the normal range in all but 2 subjects. Diminished values of FEV(1), FVC, FEV(1)/FVC, MEF(50) were observed in 10 (14%), 13 (18%), 3 (4%), and 3 (4%) patients, respectively. We found strong positive correlations between weight and absolute values of the examined parameters. We assume that spirometric abnormalities in anorexia are probably a result of respiratory muscle weakness and body mass loss.
Subject(s)
Anorexia Nervosa/physiopathology , Lung/physiopathology , Malnutrition/physiopathology , Adolescent , Body Height/physiology , Body Mass Index , Body Weight/physiology , Child , Female , Forced Expiratory Flow Rates , Humans , Respiratory Function Tests , Vital CapacityABSTRACT
The intracellular second messenger nitric oxide (NO) is implicated in a variety of physiological functions, including release and uptake of dopamine (DA). In the described study, in vivo microdialysis and differential pulse voltammetric techniques were used to determine the involvement of NO in release of DA and its metabolites (dihydroxyphenylalanine, DOPAC; homovanillic acid, HVA) in neostriatum of freely moving rats. While the NO donor molsidomine (30.0 mg/kg; MOLS) and neuronal NO synthase- (nNOS-) inhbitor 7-nitroindazole (10.0 mg/kg; 7-NI) had no effect on the basal in vivo microdialysate level of DA, 7-NI specifically enhanced D,L-amphetamine-(1.0 mg/kg i.p.; AMPH) evoked release of DA. Basal or AMPH effects on DOPAC and HVA levels were not influenced by MOLS or 7-NI. Findings indicate that nitrergic systems have an important role in mediating effects of AMPH on dopaminergic systems.
Subject(s)
Amphetamine/pharmacology , Corpus Striatum/drug effects , Corpus Striatum/metabolism , Dopamine Agents/pharmacology , Dopamine/metabolism , Enzyme Inhibitors/pharmacology , Indazoles/pharmacology , 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid/metabolism , Animals , Electrophysiology , Homovanillic Acid/metabolism , Male , Microdialysis , Molsidomine/pharmacology , Nitric Oxide Donors/pharmacology , Rats , Rats, WistarABSTRACT
Repeated treatment in ontogeny with the dopamine (DA) D(2)/D(3) receptor agonist quinpirole is associated with enhanced quinpirole-induced yawning and other behaviors such as vacuous chewing, vertical jumping, and antinociception. To determine if the reputedly DA D(3) agonist (+/-)-2-(dipropylamino)-7-hydroxy-1,2,3, 4-tetrahydronaphthalene (7-OH-DPAT) would prime for yawning in a manner analogous to that for quinpirole, rats were treated for the first 11 days after birth with an equimolar dose of either quinpirole or 7-OH-DPAT (195.4 nmol/kg/day) and tested for agonist-induced yawning in adulthood. While enhanced quinpirole-induced and 7-OH-DPAT-induced yawning was observed in quinpirole-primed rats, acute treatments with quinpirole and 7-OH-DPAT did not produce an enhanced yawing response in 7-OH-DPAT-"primed" rats. Our findings indicate that 7-OH-DPAT, unlike quinpirole, does not prime for quinpirole- or 7-OH-DPAT-induced yawning in rats.
