CYP450 Genetic Polymorphisms: Generalized Tonic-Clonic Seizure after Intentional Fluoxetine and Melatonin Overdose.

Cytochrome P450 polymorphisms have gathered much attention regarding personalized psychopharmacological care. It is well documented that these drug metabolizing enzymes lead to interpatient variability in pharmacokinetic profiles. It appears that less functional genotype may increase of risk of higher side-effect burden. Here we highlight the importance of genetic polymorphisms to potentially predict a toxicity related phenotype after an intentional overdose. Genotyping may have a role in predicting serious side effects to help clinicians educate patients and their families, and implement more intensive monitoring and institute prophylactic treatment as needed.

Uncovering an Uncommon Diagnosis: Relapsing Adolescent Catatonia.

Catatonia in the pediatric population is a historically overlooked syndrome. Accurate recognition is complicated by a broad differential diagnosis and co-morbid substance use, particularly in adolescent patients. Prompt treatment is vital to avoid life-threatening complications such as malignant catatonia. This article summarizes a case of relapsing adolescent catatonia and discusses the pathway of diagnosis and treatment.

Prevalence and socioeconomic determinants of the double burden of malnutrition in mother-child pairs in Latin America and the Caribbean.

Background: The double burden of malnutrition (DBM), which refers to the coexistence of overnutrition and undernutrition among populations, households or individuals, is a growing problem in low/middle-income countries. The Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) region has been particularly affected by the DBM, following a nutrition transition and a rapid increase in overweight, obesity and diet-related disease, while high levels of undernutrition persist. This study aims to describe the prevalence of four different DBM definitions in mother-child pairs across nine LAC countries and investigate the socioeconomic determinants of overweight mothers with at least one stunted child (SCOM). Methods: We used cross-sectional data from the Demographic and Health Surveys for all analyses. We used descriptive statistics to obtain prevalence rates and conducted multiple logistic regression analyses to investigate the association between SCOM households and socioeconomic determinants, including wealth index, maternal education, place of residency and whether the mother was working, adjusted for a range of variables. Results: Overweight/obese mothers with at least one anaemic child were the most common type of DBM, with a prevalence of 19.39%, followed by SCOM with a prevalence of 10.44%. Statistically significant socioeconomic predictors of SCOM were households with a lower wealth index, lower maternal education and living in rural areas. Conclusion: This study showed that the overall prevalence of most DBM definitions examined was high, which points to the need for urgent interventions in the LAC region. The unique set of socioeconomic predictors of SCOM identified in this study calls for future double-duty policies that simultaneously target food affordability, nutrition education and access to healthy food.