Upregulation of vesicle-associated membrane protein 7 in breast cancer tissues.

BACKGROUND: Vesicle-associated membrane protein 7 (VAMP7) plays oncogenic roles in cancers. However, its clinical significance in breast cancer (BC) tissues remains unknown. OBJECTIVE: To elucidate the clinical implications of VAMP7, as well as its involvement in the tumor microenvironment and molecular pathways of breast cancer. METHODS: BC (n=100) and non-cancerous breast tissues (n= 100) were collected for an immunohistochemical experiment (1:200). The protein expression level of VAMP7 was determined by using a semi-quantitative scoring method. High-throughput RNA-sequencing data of BC tissues were analyzed to confirm the mRNA expression trend of VAMP7. Additionally, the largest BC prognosis cohort data were collected to mine the potential impact VAMP7 has on BC progression. The association between VAMP7 and the microenvironment of BC was evaluated by using a CIBERSORT algorithm. Moreover, we explored the co-expressed molecular mechanisms of VAMP7 in BC by calculating Pearson correlation coefficients and overexpressed genes. Finally, the biological mechanism underlying the relationship between VAMP7 and the key pathways was also explored using gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA). Potential therapeutic strategies were predicted targeting VAMP7. RESULTS: VAMP7 protein was significantly over-expressed in BC tissue than that in controls (p< 0.001). Compared with 459 normal breast tissues and 113 non-cancerous breast tissues, the expression level of VAMP7 mRNA was significantly increased in 1111 BC tissues. CD4+T cells, macrophages, and naïve B cells had a higher infiltration rate in BC tissues with high VAMP7 expression, while regulatory T cells and CD8+T cells had a lower infiltration rate. Over-expressed VAMP7 was associated with macrophages activation and transition from M1 to M2 polarization. Upregulated VAMP7 could predicted poorer OS, DMFS, PPS, and RFS outcomes. Upregulated VAMP7 co-expressed genes were significantly enriched in the cell cycle checkpoints. GSEA confirmed that over-expressed VAMP7 are markedly associated with functional enrichment in cell cycle related categories, including mitotic spindle, G2M checkpoint, and E2F targets. KU-55933 was predicted as a putative therapeutic drug for BC targeting VAMP7. CONCLUSIONS: VAMP7 was upregulated in BC tissue and correlated with poor prognosis of BC patients. VAMP7 may promote BC progression by targeting the cell cycle pathway.

Perianal atypical leiomyoma: A case report.

RATIONALE: Reports on perianal atypical leiomyoma, a perianal tumor, are rare. We confirmed a perianal atypical leiomyoma by its clinical presentation, magnetic resonance imaging findings, and immunohistochemistry. PATIENT CONCERNS: A 28-year-old female with a perianal mass found more than 4 years ago. The 5cm_4cm_4cm sized mass was located on the left side of the anus and vagina; The magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan revealed: A 4.1cm × 5.2cm × 4.9cm sized round mass was observed on the left side of the circumference. DIAGNOSES: Perianal atypical leiomyoma. INTERVENTIONS: anal peripheral mass resection was performed under lumbar anesthesia. OUTCOMES: The postoperative course was uneventful, healing, the patient was discharged. LESSONS: Perianal atypical leiomyomas are benign tumors, but with the clinically atypical leiomyoma, it is sometimes difficult to distinguish between potential malignant smooth muscle tumors,and there may be malignant changes. Surgery should ensure complete resection, and to avoid postoperative recurrence, there should be a regular follow-up.

Laparoscopic treatment of endometrial cancer: systematic review.

The objective of this review was to assess the efficacy and safety of laparoscopy compared with laparotomy for treatment of endometrial cancer. Trials were identified by searching the Cochrane Gynecological Cancer Collaborative Review Group Trial Register, MEDLINE, EMBASE, PubMed, BIOSIS Previews, the China Biological Medicine Database, China National Knowledge Infrastructure Whole Article Database, Wan Fang Data, and VIP Information, from January 1991 to May 2012, as well as the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (Cochrane Library, issue 5, 2012). We also hand searched unpublished and gray literature, reference lists of identified studies, gynecologic cancer handbooks, and conference abstracts. All randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing laparoscopic surgery with laparotomy for treatment of all stages of endometrial cancer were selected. Data extraction was performed independently by 2 review authors who assessed study quality and extracted data. The whole articles were assessed for method quality by using the Cochrane Collaboration Back Review Group method quality criteria. Heterogeneity between studies was assessed using the I2 statistic, which estimates the percentage of heterogeneity between trials. The outcomes were pooled statistically when no clinical heterogeneity was apparent. For time to event data, hazard ratios were pooled using the generic inverse variance facility of RevMan 5. Random effects models were used for all meta-analyses. The search yielded 9 eligible RCTs (1361 laparotomy and 2255 laparoscopy). There was no significant difference between laparoscopic and laparotomic approaches to endometrial cancer in 3-year overall survival (odds ratio [OR], 0.91; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.49 to 1.71; p = .77), 3-year disease-free survival (OR, 0.95; 95% CI, 0.29 to 1.80; p = .89), recurrence at 3-year follow-up (OR, 1.11; 95% CI, 0.60 to 2.06; p = .74), and pelvic node yield (mean difference [MD, 0.45; 95% CI, -0.41 to 1.32; p = .30). The benefits of laparoscopic surgery vs laparotomy were shorter length of hospital stay (MD, -3.42; 95% CI, -3.81 to -3.03; p < .01), and lower rates of postoperative complications (OR, 0.62; 95% CI, 0.52 to 0.73; p < .01). Disadvantages were higher rates of intraoperative complications (OR, 1.35; 95% CI, 1.05 to1.74; p = .02) and longer duration of surgical procedures (MD, 32.73; 95% CI, 16.34 to 49.13; p < .01). We conclude that, compared with laparotomy, laparoscopic surgery seems to be beneficial in women with endometrial cancer, in particular insofar as postoperative complications and length of hospital stay. However, more well-designed RCTs are needed to assess the long-term clinical outcomes, in particular the quality of life.