ABSTRACT
In this paper, we derive a reactivity descriptor stemming from the Fermi-Dirac population scheme, applied to density functional calculations on molecular systems. Assuming that molecular orbitals only marginally change when temperature is slightly increased from 0 K, we study the response of electron density to a change in temperature. Connection with usual conceptual density functional theory descriptors is made, and the T-variation of electron density for some representative examples is given and discussed.
ABSTRACT
AIM OF THE STUDY: The present study was carried out to investigate analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities of Cassia siamea Lam stem bark extracts. We have also determined the cytotoxicity of each extract. MATERIALS AND METHODS: C. siamea, a widespread medicinal plant traditionally used in sub-Saharan Africa, was collected in Congo Brazzaville. Stem bark was extracted with petroleum ether (CSE1), chloroform (CSE2), ethanol (CSE3) and water (CSE4). Analgesic, anti-inflammatory and antipyretic activities of these extracts were assessed in rats with hot plate test, paw pressure and carrageenan induced paw oedema. Cytotoxicity was assessed against KB and Vero cells. RESULTS: At the doses used (100, 200, and 400mg/kg) ethanol and water extracts showed significant and dose-dependent analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects. None of the extracts had cytotoxic activity on KB and Vero cell lines and the most active extracts (CSE3 and CSE4) had no acute toxicity. CONCLUSIONS: The study highlighted the analgesic and anti-inflammatory of C. siamea stem bark. Four major families of compounds present in the plant may explain these activities: triterpenes (lupeol, oleanolic acid, ursolic acid, friedelin, betulin), flavonoids (apigenin, kaempferol, luteolin), anthraquinones (emodin), phytosterols (stigmasterol, beta-sitosterol).
Subject(s)
Analgesics, Non-Narcotic/pharmacology , Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/pharmacology , Plant Extracts/pharmacology , Senna Plant/chemistry , Analgesics, Non-Narcotic/toxicity , Animals , Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/toxicity , Chlorocebus aethiops , Congo , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Edema/chemically induced , Edema/prevention & control , Female , Humans , KB Cells , Lethal Dose 50 , Male , Medicine, Traditional , Phytotherapy , Plant Bark/chemistry , Plant Extracts/toxicity , Plants, Medicinal , Random Allocation , Rats , Rats, Wistar , Vero CellsABSTRACT
The chemical and analgesic comparison of essential oils of Cymbopogon nardus (L) Rendle of Benin and Congo was investigated. The chemical analysis wa carried out by using GS/MS for identification of components of the two essential oils while acetic acid-induced writhings, hot plate and tail flick test models were used for analgesic activity. The results showed that the two essential oils exhibited comparable activity on acetic acid-induced writhings, however, the essential oil of Benin induced more significant effect on hot plate model while the Congolese specie showed more effect in the tail flick test. These observations could be explained by some qualitative and/or quantitative differences observed between the constituents of the two essential oils studied.
ABSTRACT
Sixty-six extracts of 18 plants commonly used by traditional healers in Congo Brazzaville for the treatment of malaria have been investigated for in vitro antiplasmodial activity. Ethanolic and dichloromethane extracts of 7 among the 18 studied plants were moderately active (10 microg/mlSubject(s)
Antimalarials/isolation & purification
, Antimalarials/pharmacology
, Medicine, African Traditional
, Plants, Medicinal
, Cell Line, Tumor
, Congo
, Erythrocytes/drug effects
, Erythrocytes/parasitology
, Humans
, Plant Extracts/isolation & purification
, Plant Extracts/pharmacology
, Plant Structures
ABSTRACT
The essential oil of Lippia multiflora Moldenke (Verbenaceae) produced by conventional hydrodistillation was analyzed and studied for its analgesic, antipyretic and anti-inflammatory activities in rats and mice. At the doses used (2, 4 and 8 ml/kg o.s.) the essential oil of L. multiflora showed significant and dose-dependent analgesic effect on acetic acid-induced writhing in mice. Only the dose of 8 ml/kg of essential oil, antagonized hyperexia induced by brewer's yeast. No effect on granuloma formation was observed.
Subject(s)
Analgesics, Non-Narcotic/pharmacology , Analgesics/pharmacology , Fever/prevention & control , Lippia , Pain Measurement/drug effects , Pain/prevention & control , Phytotherapy , Plant Oils/pharmacology , Acetic Acid , Administration, Oral , Analgesics/administration & dosage , Analgesics/therapeutic use , Analgesics, Non-Narcotic/administration & dosage , Analgesics, Non-Narcotic/therapeutic use , Animals , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Granuloma, Foreign-Body/prevention & control , Male , Mice , Pain/chemically induced , Plant Leaves , Plant Oils/administration & dosage , Plant Oils/therapeutic use , Rats , Rats, Wistar , Saccharomyces cerevisiaeABSTRACT
L'etude; de juillet 1988 a mai 1989; de la variation des huiles essentielles des lippia cultives (Brazzaville; Congo) met en evidence un mouvement continu de ces huiles des fleurs vers les feuilles et inversement. La teneur des differents constituants varie de facon plus ou moins prononcee selon la partie de la plante consideree alors que le profil global des huiles reste le meme. Cette etude permet de situer la periode de recolte la plus favorable pour cette plante a effets bactericide et antifongide etablis
