Landsenses Ecology: A New Idea for Watershed Ecology Restoration.

Watershed ecology restoration is the key to solving the ecological and environmental problems of watersheds and achieving sustainable development. As one direction of the frontiers of ecology, landsenses ecology is supported by science and technology and cares for humans. It has a great significance for enhancing the human habitat and achieving sustainable development. Combining landsenses ecology and the technical process of watershed ecology restoration allows the integration of people's visions into the system of strategies and applied technologies for watershed ecology restoration while ensuring the restoration of the ecological functions of watersheds. It is a complement to the traditional ecosystem restoration model. This study establishes the connection between landsenses ecology and watershed ecology restoration in terms of goals, models and focus of attention. It aims to construct an indicator system of restoration with the application of landsenses ecology, form a complete process of ecological restoration with the integration of landsenses ecology and apply it to the ecological restoration of watershed elements with relatively intensive human activity such as urban green areas, buildings and wetlands (rivers and lakes). Rather than just always emphasizing natural ecology, landsenses ecology treats human beings as part of nature. It tries to establish a more comprehensive, humanized ideal restoration model by taking "human perceptions" into consideration. Through a restoration process based on long-term and continuous coordination, feedback and improvement, it can improve the ecological benefits of the watershed and improve residents' well-being, so as to ultimately realize the establishment of a "community of life between man and nature".

Assessing the ecological risk induced by PM2.5 pollution in a fast developing urban agglomeration of southeastern China.

High PM2.5 concentration threats ecosystem functions but limited quantitative studies have recognized PM2.5 pollution as an individual stressor in evaluating ecological risk. In this study, we applied a machine-learning-based simulation model incorporating full-coverage satellite-driven PM2.5 dataset to estimate high-resolution ground PM2.5 concentration for the Golden Triangle of Southern Fujian Province, China (GTSF) in 2030 under two Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs). Based on the simulation output, the ecological risk's spatiotemporal change and the risk for different land cover types, which were caused by PM2.5 pollution, were assessed. We found that the PM2.5 levels and ecological risk in the GTSF under RCP 4.5 would be reduced while those under RCP 8.5 would continue to increase. The regions with the highest ecological risk under RCP 4.5 are the most urbanized and industrialized districts, while those with the highest ecological risk under RCP 8.5 are of the highest rate in urbanization and the greatest decrease in planetary potential layer height. For both base years and 2030 under two RCPs, the ecological risk on developed land is the highest, while that on the forest is the lowest. Our study can provide useful information for environmental policy risk assessment.

Research on Ecological Effect Assessment Method of Ecological Restoration of Open-Pit Coal Mines in Alpine Regions.

Open-pit mining is an important form of coal mining in China, and its damage to the ecological environment is particularly obvious in alpine regions. The ecological restoration of alpine open-pit coal mines faces severe challenges, and its restoration effect will directly affect the ecological security of China. Meanwhile, comprehensive and system-oriented evaluation of ecological restoration effects is still insufficient in current research. In this study, we selected different quantities of assessment factors on the two scales of ecological project area and ecological impact area to evaluate the ecological restoration effect of an alpine open-pit coal mine. Then, we formed a multi-scale and multi-dimensional ecological restoration effect assessment model of the alpine open-pit coal mine and used this model to analyze the implementation effect of the ecological restoration project of the Baiyinhua No. 2 Open-pit Mine. The results show that the multi-scale and multi-dimensional ecological restoration effect assessment model of alpine open-pit coal mine proposed in this study can accurately characterize the restoration effect of open-pit coal mines in alpine regions and can also be used as a significant evaluation tool in the future ecological construction of mining areas. This study hopes the multi-scale and multi-dimensional ecological restoration effect assessment model of alpine open-pit coal mine can provide a comprehensive, systematic, and scientific evaluation method for the ecological restoration of alpine open-pit coal mines and provide a scientific basis for the ecological restoration and green development of relevant mining areas.

A Review of Urban Microclimate Research Based on CiteSpace and VOSviewer Analysis.

Urban microclimate has a direct impact on the quality of life of urban residents. Therefore, research on urban microclimates has received greater attention from contemporary scholars. At present, there is a lack of quantitative summary and review of the research in the field of urban microclimate, and it is urgent to sort out its research context and evolution. The Web of Science was used as the data source, and CiteSpace and VOSviewer software were used to analyze the urban microclimate research from 1980 to 2020. We discussed the annual trends, research countries, research institutions, key authors, highly cited publications, hot issues, and research fronts. The study found that: (1) the number of published articles on urban microclimate has experienced three stages: initial stage-slow growth period-rapid growth period; (2) European and American countries were the first to focus on urban microclimate research, while China started late but developed rapidly; (3) the research topics of urban microclimate are thermal comfort, improvement strategies, urban street canyons, and urban heat island effect; (4) the frontiers of urban microclimate include research on urban microclimate and building energy, ecosystem services, and urban parks.

How are maternal dietary patterns and maternal/fetal cytokines associated with birth weight? A path analysis.

The aim of the study was to investigate how maternal dietary patterns and maternal/fetal cytokines are associated with birth weight and whether cytokines mediate the association. A total of 469 pregnant women and their children were recruited for this prospective study. Dietary patterns in pregnancy were identified using factor analysis of data from three consecutive 24 h dietary recalls. Maternal and umbilical blood serum cytokines (adiponectin (APN), IL-6 and interferon-γ) were measured via ELISA. Path analysis was used to explore the relationships between maternal diet, cytokines and birth weight. Four dietary patterns were identified: a mainly fruit, dairy products and poultry diet (FDP); a mainly vegetables, beans and pork diet (VBP); a mainly fish, shrimp and soup diet (FS) and a mainly tuber and egg diet (TE). Path analysis showed the order of effects of dietary patterns on birth weight was FS>FDP>TE>VBP (ß=0·130, 0·109, -0·094 and 0·046, respectively). Only the TE pattern's effect was negative. Maternal and fetal APN were positively associated with birth weight (ß=0·045 and 0·226, respectively), and they mediated the association between the TE pattern and birth weight (indirect effect was 5·3 %). Maternal IL-6 was negatively associated with birth weight (ß=-0·067) and mediated the association between maternal FDP and VBP patterns and birth weight (indirect effects were 10·1 and 100·0 %, respectively). All variables in the path explained 33·6 % of variation. These results suggested that maternal dietary patterns in pregnancy are associated with birth weight and mediated directly and indirectly through some maternal/fetal serum cytokines.

[Effect of Characteristic Variable Extraction on Accuracy of Cu in Navel Orange Peel by LIBS].

Heavy metals pollution in foodstuffs is more and more serious. It is impossible to satisfy the modern agricultural development by conventional chemical analysis. Laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is an emerging technology with the characteristic of rapid and nondestructive detection. But LIBS' s repeatability, sensitivity and accuracy has much room to improve. In this work, heavy metal Cu in Gannan Navel Orange which is the Jiangxi specialty fruit will be predicted by LIBS. Firstly, the navel orange samples were contaminated in our lab. The spectra of samples were collected by irradiating the peel by optimized LIBS parameters. The laser energy was set as 20 mJ, delay time of Spectral Data Gathering was set as 1.2 micros, the integration time of Spectral data gathering was set as 2 ms. The real concentration in samples was obtained by AAS (atom absorption spectroscopy). The characteristic variables Cu I 324.7 and Cu I 327.4 were extracted. And the calibration model was constructed between LIBS spectra and real concentration about Cu. The results show that relative error of the predicted concentrations of three relational model were 7.01% or less, reached a minimum of 0.02%, 0.01% and 0.02% respectively. The average relative errors were 2.33%, 3.10% and 26.3%. Tests showed that different characteristic variables decided different accuracy. It is very important to choose suitable characteristic variable. At the same time, this work is helpful to explore the distribution of heavy metals between pulp and peel.

Enhanced interfacial interaction and CO2 separation performance of mixed matrix membrane by incorporating polyethylenimine-decorated metal-organic frameworks.

Polyethylenimine (PEI) was immobilized by MIL-101(Cr) (∼550 nm) via a facile vacuum-assisted method, and the obtained PEI@MIL-101(Cr) was then incorporated into sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) (SPEEK) to fabricate mixed matrix membranes (MMMs). High loading and uniform dispersion of PEI in MIL-101(Cr) were achieved as demonstrated by ICP, FT-IR, XPS, and EDS-mapping. The PEI both in the pore channels and on the surface of MIL-101(Cr) improved the filler-polymer interface compatibility due to the electrostatic interaction and hydrogen bond between sulfonic acid group and PEI, and simultaneously rendered abundant amine carriers to facilitate the transport of CO2 through reversible reaction. MMMs were evaluated in terms of gas separation performance, thermal stability, and mechanical property. The as-prepared SPEEK/PEI@MIL-101(Cr) MMMs showed increased gas permeability and selectivity, and the highest ideal selectivities for CO2/CH4 and CO2/N2 were 71.8 and 80.0 (at a CO2 permeability of 2490 Barrer), respectively. Compared with the membranes doped with unfilled MIL-101(Cr), the ideal selectivities of CO2/CH4 and CO2/N2 for PEI@MIL-101(Cr)-doped membranes were increased by 128.1 and 102.4 %, respectively, at 40 wt % filler loading, surpassing the 2008 Robeson upper bound line. Moreover, the mechanical property and thermal stability of SPEEK/PEI@MIL-101(Cr) were enhanced.

[Effects of oleic acid on expression of adiponectin and its PPARgamma mechanism in 3T3-L1 adipocytes].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the effects of oleic acid on the gene and protein expression of adiponectin and its PPARgamma mechanism in 3T3-l1 adipocytes. METHOD: L1 adipocytes were incubated with different concentration (25, 50, 100, 200, 400 micromol/L) for 24h, and the mRNA expression of adiponectin and PPARgamma was determined by real-time PCR (relative quantity). And then the 3T3-L1 adipocytes were treated for OA at concentration of 100 micromol/L for 24h with/without the affect of PPARgamma inhibitor GW9662, to determine the gene and protein expression of adiponectin. The protein expression changes of adiponectin were detected by immunoblotting. RESULT: The mRNA expression of adiponectin and PPARgamma increased at the dosages of 25, 50, and 100micromol /L. With the increase of OA, the mRNA expression of adiponectin and PPARgamma decreased in a dose-dependent manner. Incubating with GW9662 and OA, decreases in the mRNA and protein expression of adiponectin were 77% and 78.01% (P < 0.05), compared with the control respectively. CONCLUSION: OA could increase the gene expression of adiponectin and PPARgamma mRNA in dose-dependent manner in 3T3-L1 adipocytes,which could be specifically blocked by GW9662, OA indues the expression of adiponectin mRNA and protein in 3T3-L1 adipocytes, possibly by a mechanism involving PPARgamma.