ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Multiple studies have shown the social consequences of suffering overweight, with social exclusion or isolation as some of the most important. In order to study the social patterns among adolescents, we have set as objectives to analyse the position of the individual within their network from a sociocentric perspective, comparing the relational pattern of the adolescents suffering from overweight with those who are normal weight. METHOD: This was a cross-sectional descriptive study using logistic regression and social network analysis. We analysed the contact patterns of 235 adolescents in 11 social networks, classifying contact into three levels of intensity: minimum, intermediate and maximum (friendship). The WHO reference was used for the variable of overweight. RESULTS: The prevalence of overweight was 30.2% (25.5% overweight and 4.7% obesity). An analysis of the relational patterns of individuals with overweight showed that at the minimum contact level, they established fewer relationships and less closeness (odds ratio [OR]: 2.32; confidence interval [CI] 95%: 1.17-4.66; p-value: 0.016). This effect was more marked in female adolescents. At intermediate contact level, they had few relationships and low prestige (OR: 3.29; CI: 95%; 1.03-10.51; p-value: 0.045, OR: 3.18; CI: 95%; 1.00-10.04; p-value: 0.049, respectively). At maximum contact level (friendship), female adolescents related little with other adolescents (OR: 3.78; CI: 95%; 1.07-13.32; p-value: 0.038). CONCLUSIONS: Adolescents with overweight take up peripheral positions within their social network, choosing by themselves not to establish contact with others. Social network analysis is crucial to detect adolescents with overweight at risk of exclusion and help alleviate psychological and social deficits.
