ABSTRACT
Total ankle arthroplasty (TAA) and ankle arthrodesis (AA) are complicated surgeries that carry a learning curve with them. Complications are an aspect of all surgeries that must be considered. Surgeons must be prepared to handle these complications. The most important things are early identification and treatment of these complications. Treating complications is a combination of medicines, conservative measures, and most importantly surgical intervention. Recent studies have shown a decrease in complications of TAA and AA over the past 10 years. Carefully identifying the complications early and treating patients right away are imperative to increasing the outcomes for these patients.
Subject(s)
Ankle Joint/surgery , Arthrodesis/adverse effects , Arthroplasty, Replacement, Ankle/adverse effects , Prosthesis-Related Infections/therapy , Surgical Wound Infection/therapy , Arthrodesis/statistics & numerical data , Arthroplasty, Replacement, Ankle/statistics & numerical data , Humans , Learning Curve , Osteoarthritis/surgery , Postoperative Complications , Prosthesis Failure , Prosthesis-Related Infections/diagnosis , Prosthesis-Related Infections/etiology , Reoperation , Risk Assessment , Surgical Wound Infection/diagnosis , Surgical Wound Infection/etiologyABSTRACT
The development of osteophytes, ectopic bone, or malleolar impingement following total ankle replacement represents common complications that will frequently lead to secondary procedures to relieve painful impingement. Many studies have been conducted to discover the cause of these postoperative impingement syndromes; however, there is a paucity of literature with regard to the prevention, diagnosis, and management of these conditions. The authors discuss the potential causes of formation of osteophytes and ectopic bone formation, as well as malleolar impingement syndromes following primary total ankle replacement with focus placed on diagnosis and management of these complications.
Subject(s)
Arthroplasty, Replacement, Ankle/adverse effects , Arthroscopy/methods , Ossification, Heterotopic/surgery , Osteophyte/surgery , Postoperative Complications/surgery , Aged , Ankle Fractures/diagnostic imaging , Ankle Fractures/surgery , Arthroplasty, Replacement, Ankle/methods , Debridement/methods , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Ossification, Heterotopic/diagnostic imaging , Osteoarthritis/diagnostic imaging , Osteoarthritis/surgery , Osteophyte/diagnostic imaging , Osteophyte/etiology , Pain, Postoperative/diagnosis , Pain, Postoperative/surgery , Postoperative Complications/diagnostic imaging , Postoperative Complications/physiopathology , Radiography , Recovery of Function , Reoperation/methods , Risk Assessment , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
Flexible adult acquired flatfoot disorder is commonly treated with the use of osteotomies in the calcaneus and medial column. The combination of these joint-preserving osteotomies with additional soft-tissue procedures allows realignment of the hindfoot with the goal of preventing further deformity or degenerative joint disease. A thorough understanding of each patient's condition allows the surgeon to match the correct osteotomy to the clinical indication, while also successfully executing the planned surgery.
Subject(s)
Flatfoot/surgery , Osteotomy/methods , Adult , Flatfoot/diagnosis , Flatfoot/etiology , HumansABSTRACT
In the early 1970s, total ankle replacement was criticized because of poor outcomes with initial implant designs. Modifications were made that lead to the development of several generations of implants. The early shortcomings gave researchers and surgeons the impetus to improve implant designs and surgical technique. Total ankle replacement has become more widely accepted in recent years because of improved design and survivorship rates for the implants, as well as improved patient satisfaction scores. Indications for total ankle replacement have broadened. To continue these successes, it is important for surgeons to select appropriate patients for this procedure.
Subject(s)
Ankle Joint/surgery , Arthroplasty, Replacement, Ankle/methods , Joint Prosthesis , Ankle Joint/physiopathology , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Male , Osteoarthritis/surgery , Prosthesis Design , Range of Motion, Articular/physiology , Recovery of Function , Risk Assessment , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
Understanding when to proceed with an arthroscopy of the ankle and foot can at times be difficult. Proper preoperative planning will ensure that the correct surgical procedure is selected. Although most surgeons can determine the correct diagnosis and treatment options for the patient based on the subjective and objective examinations, advanced imaging and diagnostic injections are useful tools in difficult cases.
